The Relationship between Hardiness and Happiness in Students of Payame Noor University

ABSTRACT: Happiness is a positive concept which is vital for healthiness and as a perfect satisfaction, durable and satisfactory in life; it is defined as a universal. Hardiness is considered as an adjustable variable in reducing mental and physical diseases and it is considered as a protector shield in front of useless effects of anxiety on mental health of individuals. This study investigates the relationship between happiness and hardiness of students of Payame Noor University. Survey data were collected from 212 students from Payame Noor University of West Azarbayjan and happiness test and hardiness test was used. The results indicate that hardiness has effect on prediction of students' happiness and also there is no significant relationship between age and happiness. The results indicate that there is no significant difference between happiness and hardiness in male and female students. Hardiness causes that individuals have the sense control in facing with difficult conditions. Totally, hardiness can have positive role in controlling the difficult conditions of life. The better individuals control the conditions, the higher the sense of happiness

Internet addiction and its psychosocial risks (depression, anxiety, stress and loneliness) among Iranian adolescents and young adults: a structural equation model in a cross-sectional study

Internet addiction has become an increasingly researched area in many Westernized countries. However, there has been little research in developing countries such as Iran, and when research has been conducted, it has typically utilized small samples. This study investigated the relationship of Internet addiction with stress, depression, anxiety, and loneliness in 1,052 Iranian adolescents and young adults. The participants were randomly selected to complete a battery of psychometrically validated instruments including the Internet Addiction Test, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, and the Loneliness Scale. Structural equation modeling and Pearson correlation coefficients were used to determine the relationship between Internet addiction and psychological impairments (depression, anxiety, stress and loneliness). Pearson correlation, path analysis, multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA), and t-tests were used to analyze the data. Results showed that Internet addiction is a predictor of stress, depression, anxiety, and loneliness. Findings further indicated that addictive Internet use is gender sensitive and that the risk of Internet addiction is higher in males than in females. The results showed that male Internet addicts differed significantly from females in terms of depression, anxiety, stress, and loneliness. The implications of these results are discussed