Proximate and Quantitative Phytochemical Analysis of Detarium microcarpum (Sweet Detar) Fruit Pulp

The study was carried out to determine the proximate and quantitative phytochemical analysis of two species of Detarium microcarpum from Kano state, north-western Nigeria. Proximate composition of sample A shows a moisture content of 13.86±0.002, Ash content 3.73±0.030, lipid content 9.40±0.059, crude protein 21.20±0.360, crude fiber 4.52±0.038 and carbohydrate 47.50±1.06, while sample B shows a moisture content of 14.32±0.082, Ash content 2.27±0.360, lipid content 4.72±0.372, crude protein 17.88±0.102, crude fiber 4.46±0.062 and carbohydrate 5.48±0.338. Quantitative phytochemical screening of the fruit A shows 3.16% tannin, 10.73% saponin, 7.27% alkaloid and 8.56% flavonoid for sample while sample B contains 2.39% tannin, 11.2% saponin, 7.41% alkaloid and 7.63% flavonoid. Comparism between the samples shows specie A to be nutritionally rich compared specie B. Keywords: Detarium microcarpum; Fruit; Proximate; Phytochemical and Pulp. DOI: 10.7176/JBAH/11-16-04 Publication date:August 31st 2021

Influence of place identity and place dependence on resilience towards Boko Haram insurgency among Maiduguri residents in Borno State, Nigeria

Generally the importance of a place of residence becomes paramount to its habitants during lose and hard times. The economic viability of a place and self-reference to a place which depends on how individuals appreciate and express themselves in relation to their settings can increase residents’ consciousness of a specific place.It is in this vein that this study aim to examine whether place identity, place dependence, age,gender, length of stay, income and occupation influence sresilience toward Boko Haram insurgency in Maiduguri. Place attachment and resilience theory was used for this study. The study is unique in having investigated place identity, place dependence and other demographic characteristics on the survival of residents been troubled by terrorism. Though other studies have dealt mainly with areas of threat due to natural disasters,this present study,examine a particular neighbourhood that is subject to terrorist attacks for the past 8 years.This paper relies on a cross-sectional data, with a sample size of 383, using convenient sampling technique. The Pearson correlation analysis revealed significant and positive relationship between place identity and place dependence on resilience, while, age and length of stay indicated positive and insignificant.Income on the other hand, shows negative and insignificant relationship with resilience. The results of the Multiple Linear Regression analysis revealed that, place identity and place dependence are significant predictor of resident’s resilience towards Boko Haram insurgent. This is an indication that, in spite of the conflicts and casualties, the residents did not regard their neighborhood as being too hazardous and were holding on to the neighbourhood as a place they are identified with and depend on as a source of their livelihood

Residents' resilience towards insecurity in Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria

It is obvious that the demand for security is one of the basic needs for human survival, and the effects of terrorist such as Boko Haram on the society have gone beyond the expectations of individuals in Maiduguri, Borno State Nigeria. Even though many have relocated themselves out of the area, there are still those who continued to stay in the neighborhood. Therefore, the general objective of this paper is to examine the level of residents' resilience and to compare if there are significant differences in the level of resilience based on age, gender and religious inclination towards insecurity in Maiduguri. Resilience Theory by Kurt Lewin (1943) was used to underpin this study. Using a structured questionnaire, data were collected from a total of 383 respondents in Maiduguri. The findings from the descriptive statistics revealed a moderate level of resilience among the residents (M = 3.09, SD =0.78). Independent sample t-test showed a statistically significant difference in the level of resilience between male and females (t (381) = -2.518, p 0.05 and F (2,380) = 0.771, p > 0.05). Based on the findings, the authors concluded that females were found to revitalize more easily as compared to males after an attack. In general, there are some residents in the study area who show the ability to revitalize and withstand the security threat and resist relocation irrespective of their age and religious inclination. Thus, the authors are of the opinion that to ensure safe neighbourhood, the government should not only concentrate on the rehabilitation of internally displaced person but efforts should also be geared towards the residents who decided to remain in the neighbourhood even though it is affected by the insurgency

Residents resilience towards insecurity: an analysis of socioeconomic and demographic profile of respondents in Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria

The study describes the socioeconomic and demographic profile of Maiduguri residents on resilience towards insecurity, using convenient sampling technique, with a sample size of 383. The descriptive statistics was to describe the socioeconomic and demographic profile of the respondents. The results revealed that, the majority of residents are within the age bracket of 18-35, married, Muslims, and those who has tertiary education account for 603% of the majority. The result also indicates that most residents of the area are civil servant and business owners with few engaging in farming.Most of the residents lived in rented houses as compare to an owner occupier. The majority of the residents reside in the area for 1-10 years, while a large proportion falls with in low-income bracket of N10,000-N30,000. The socioeconomic and demographic profile of the residents will provide relevant information on the actual condition of the residents and what the affected residents need most in terms of assistance that would improve their condition and relief them of the hardship been posed on them by the insurgency predicament

Images of Fulani students and the town of Yola, Nigeria

Fieldwork Team: Dr. Mustapha Hashim Kurfi (Principal Investigator), Hauwa Usman (Local Project Manager), Alhaji Abubakar Maikudi Aishat (General Field Facilitator). Technical Team: Prof. Fallou Ngom (Project Director and former Director of the African Studies Center at Boston University), and Eleni Castrol (Technical Lead, BU Libraries). The collections on Gender in Nigerian Ajami Manuscripts are copied as part of the African Studies Center’s African Ajami Library. Access Condition and Copyright: These materials are subject to copyright. All rights reserved to the author. For use, distribution or reproduction contact Professor Fallou Ngom ([email protected]). Required Citation: Materials in this web edition may be cited as: Kurfi, M. H., Hauwa U., Ngom, F., and Castro, E. (2020). African Ajami Library: Gender in Nigerian Ajami Manuscripts. Boston: Boston University Libraries: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/41953. For Inquiries: Please Contact Professor Fallou Ngom ([email protected]).Photographs of Fulani students and the town of Yola, Nigeri

Video interviews about FOMWAN, Minna

Video interviews with Hajia Aisha Lemu, Junior Chairperson at FOMWAN_Schools, and Hajia Hadiza Mohammed, Member WRAPA, Niger State

Images of the town of Minna and of FOMWAN schools

Fieldwork Team: Dr. Mustapha Hashim Kurfi (Principal Investigator), Hauwa Usman (Local Project Manager), Alhaji Abubakar Maikudi Aishat (General Field Facilitator). Technical Team: Prof. Fallou Ngom (Project Director and former Director of the African Studies Center), and Eleni Castrol (Technical Lead, BU Libraries). These collections on Gender in Nigerian Ajami Manuscripts are copied as part of the African Studies Center’s African Ajami Library. Access Condition and Copyright: These materials are subject to copyright. All rights reserved to the author. For use, distribution or reproduction contact Professor Fallou Ngom ([email protected]). Required Citation: Kurfi, M. H., Hauwa U., Ngom, F., and Castro, E. (2020). African Ajami Library: Gender in Nigerian Ajami Manuscripts. Boston: Boston University Libraries: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/41953. For Inquiries: Please Contact Professor Fallou Ngom ([email protected]).Images of the town of Minna and of FOMWAN school

Images of Professor Sa’adiya Omar, Yantaru leaders, and Sokoto, Nigeria

Fieldwork Team: Dr. Mustapha Hashim Kurfi (Principal Investigator), Hauwa Usman (Local Project Manager), Alhaji Abubakar Maikudi Aishat (General Field Facilitator). Technical Team: Prof. Fallou Ngom (Project Director and former Director of the African Studies Center), and Eleni Castrol (Technical Lead, BU Libraries). These collections on Gender in Nigerian Ajami Manuscripts are copied as part of the African Studies Center’s African Ajami Library. Access Condition and Copyright: These materials are subject to copyright. All rights reserved to the author. For use, distribution or reproduction contact Professor Fallou Ngom ([email protected]). Required Citation: Kurfi, M. H., Hauwa U., Ngom, F., and Castro, E. (2020). African Ajami Library: Gender in Nigerian Ajami Manuscripts. Boston: Boston University Libraries: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/41953. For Inquiries: Please Contact Professor Fallou Ngom ([email protected]).Images of Professor Sa’adiya Omar, Yantaru leaders, and Sokoto, Nigeri

Video interview with author and manuscript owner Professor Sa’adiya Omar

Fieldwork Team: Dr. Mustapha Hashim Kurfi (Principal Investigator), Hauwa Usman (Local Project Manager), Alhaji Abubakar Maikudi Aishat (General Field Facilitator). Technical Team: Prof. Fallou Ngom (Project Director and former Director of the African Studies Center), and Eleni Castrol (Technical Lead, BU Libraries). These collections on Gender in Nigerian Ajami Manuscripts are copied as part of the African Studies Center’s African Ajami Library. Access Condition and Copyright: These materials are subject to copyright. All rights reserved to the author. For use, distribution or reproduction contact Professor Fallou Ngom ([email protected]). Required Citation: Kurfi, M. H., Hauwa U., Ngom, F., and Castro, E. (2020). African Ajami Library: Gender in Nigerian Ajami Manuscripts. Boston: Boston University Libraries: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/41953. For Inquiries: Please Contact Professor Fallou Ngom ([email protected]).Video interview with author and manuscript owner Professor Sa’adiya Omar. Professor Sa’adiya Omar, the most celebrated author of women in the Sokoto Caliphate of Northern Nigeria. Professor Sa’adiya currently occupies the position of Nana Asma’u and Modibbo Kilo, the leaders of the Yantaru movement, i.e. Uwartaru (the Mother of the Yantaru). Equally, she had served as the National Amirah (President) of the largest Muslim umbrella organization in Nigeria – Federation of Muslim Women’s Associations in Nigeria (FOMWAN). As at the present, she serves in many capacities and is a member of various Islamic committees in Sokoto state and in Nigeria in general

Video interview: "What Fulfulde Ajami means to me"

Video interview with Malam Amina Lawal Garba, a graduate student in Criminology from Bayero University (Kano) about what Fulfulde Ajami means to them