30 research outputs found
Collective Interactions in an Array of Atoms Coupled to a Nanophotonic Waveguide
A lattice of trapped atoms strongly coupled to a one-dimensional nanophotonic
waveguide is investigated in exploiting the concept of polariton as the system
natural eigenstate. We apply a bosonization procedure, which was presented
separately by P. W. Anderson and V. M. Agranovich, to transform excitation
spin-half operators into interacting bosons, and which shown here to confirm
the hard-core boson model. We derive polariton-polariton kinematic interactions
and study them by solving the scattering problem. In using the
excitation-photon detuning as a control parameter, we examine the regime in
which polaritons behave as weakly interacting photons, and propose the system
for realizing superfluidity of photons. We implement the kinematic interaction
as a mechanism for nonlinear optical processes that provide an observation tool
for the system properties, e.g. the interaction strength produces a blue shift
in pump-probe experiments.Comment: 12 pages, 12 figure
Van der Waals Interactions among Alkali Rydberg Atoms with Excitonic States
We investigate the influence of the appearance of excitonic states on van der
Waals interactions among two Rydberg atoms. The atoms are assumed to be in
different Rydberg states, e.g., in the and states.
The resonant dipole-dipole interactions yield symmetric and antisymmetric
excitons, with energy splitting that give rise to new resonances as the atoms
approach each other. Only far from these resonances the van der Waals
coefficients, , can be defined. We calculate the coefficients
for alkali atoms and present the results for lithium by applying perturbation
theory. At short interatomic distances of several , we show that the
widely used simple model of two-level systems for excitons in Rydberg atoms
breaks down, and the correct representation implies multi-level atoms. Even
though, at larger distances one can keep the two-level systems but in including
van der Waals interactions among the atoms.Comment: 9 pages, 9 figure
Collective Enhancement and Suppression of Excitation Decay in Optical Lattices
We calculate radiative lifetimes of collective electronic excitations of
atoms in an infinite one dimensional lattice. The translational symmetry along
the lattice restricts the photon wave vector component parallel to the lattice
to the exciton wave number and thus the possible emission directions. The
resulting radiation damping rate and emission pattern of the exciton strongly
deviates from independent atom. For some wave numbers and polarizations the
excitons superradiantly decay very fast, while other excitons show zero
radiation damping rate and form propagating meta-stable excitations. Such
states could be directly coupled via tailored evanescent fields from a nearby
fiber.Comment: 4 pages, 7 figure
Entangled Photons and Phonons via Inter-Modal Brillouin Scattering
We explore the possibility of the formation of photon-phonon entangled states
in nanoscale wires by exploiting stimulated inter-modal Brillouin scattering of
co-propagating photons that belong to distinct spatial optical modes. Inside
nanowires, the photon-phonon coupling is significantly enhanced owing to
radiation pressure. The Stokes and anti-Stokes processes are decoupled as they
involve different phonon modes that lead to symmetry breaking, which results
from different phase-matching requirements. For the Stokes process
photon-phonon pairs are annihilated or created, in the presence of a classical
pump field, and for the anti-Stokes process we obtain coherent oscillations
between photons and phonons. The appearance of entangled states can extend the
use of nanowires, for example, those made of silicon, into quantum information
processing involving photons and phonons in a setup that can be easily
integrated into an on-chip network.Comment: 9 pages, 11 figure
Van-der-Waals stabilized Rydberg aggregates
Assemblies of Rydberg atoms subject to resonant dipole-dipole interactions
form Frenkel excitons. We show that van-der-Waals shifts can significantly
modify the exciton wave function, whenever atoms approach each other closely.
As a result, attractive excitons and repulsive van-der-Waals interactions can
be combined to form stable one-dimensional atom chains, akin to bound
aggregates. Here the van-der-Waals shifts ensure a stronger homogeneous
delocalisation of a single excitation over the whole chain, enabling it to bind
up to six atoms. When brought into unstable configurations, such Rydberg
aggregates allow the direct monitoring of their dissociation dynamics.Comment: 6 pages, 6 figure
Collective Light Emission of a Finite Size Atomic Chain
Radiative properties of collective electronic states in a one dimensional
atomic chain are investigated. Radiative corrections are included with
emphasize put on the effect of the chain size through the dependence on both
the number of atoms and the lattice constant. The damping rates of collective
states are calculated in considering radiative effects for different values of
the lattice constant relative to the atomic transition wave length. Especially
the symmetric state damping rate as a function of the number of the atoms is
derived. The emission pattern off a finite linear chain is also presented. The
results can be adopted for any chain of active material, e.g., a chain of
semiconductor quantum dots or organic molecules on a linear matrix.Comment: 10 pages, 20 figure