Nutrition-Based therapeutic approaches for solving autistic digestive troubles

Diagnosing and treating additional health problems in autistic children or adults, beyond their own autism troubles, is always a challenge under first of parent responsibility. This paper reports on the success of nutrition-based therapeutic approaches for improving the health and solving digestive troubles of a communicating-impaired and initially overweight patient. Symptoms include frequent burping, and diagnoses revealed hiatal hernia and stomach ulcers. Two different diet plans have been successively applied over one year. Each half-year diet impact has been home-monitored by measuring the body-mass data and index. Details on nutrition, supplement and drug intakes, as well as any observations were daily recorded. The first halfyear diet was based on gastroesophageal reflux preventing recommendations, whereas the 2nd diet plan was elaborated from the metabolic typing and gluten intolerance information. Normal body mass index (BMI) values (20-25) were reached during the 1st phase, which was marked by an increase in the intake of food supplement and a reduction in the frequency of drug intakes, especially from the 4th month. After one-year of nutrition-based therapy, the patient health has been generally improved, and the hiatal hernia and ulcer problems have disappeared. A database containing all information recorded throughout the diet plans was created. During the patient body-mass loss, the muscle part increased whereas the fat part dropped. Such fat mass loss observed over the 1st 4 months was possibly correlated to the intake frequency diminution of proton pump inhibitor, acting against the gastric acid secretion. During last 6-months of strict nutrition therapy, the body mass remained stable.Peer reviewe

Rapid Test for Controlling the Quality and Integrity of Probiotic-Based Products

Probiotic-based products, including functional ingredients, fermented foods, and diet supplements, are today widely distributed in the market, owing to their recognized promoting effects on the human, animal and plant health. However, such products are much more complex than we believe, based mainly on the living state and specificity of each microorganism strain used for their formulation. It is therefore not surprising to encounter a variability in the commercialized probiotic product quality and performance from various manufacturers and different countries, even for the same formulation brands. Consequently, it is highly expected to develop and validate a rapid standard test of quality and integrity control for probiotic-based products in order to guarantee the same performance and authenticity before their use. A thermal profiling and fingerprint generating method using a coupling thermogravimetry - differential scanning calorimetry (TGA-DSC) responds to this goal, which is the main purpose of the present communication. This calorimetric coupling technique has been recently used for the first time as a fingerprinting tool for probiotic-based powder products [1]. Such original approach provides unique qualitative and quantitative data related to the decomposition and transition phases for each probiotic powder sample, whatever its complexity, by monitoring the changes in the material mass and energetic content under a constant temperature rise with well defined conditions. This new method has a lot of advantages compared to the gold standard ones such as phenotypage and genotypage techniques for the quality control and authentication of probiotic products. It reveals not only the probiotic strain features but also those of the other functional ingredients (e.g. cryoprotectors, antioxidants, etc.) added into the formulation. In fact, these additional ingredients can also contribute to the functionality and performance of the product. In addition, the method is rapid, highly reproducible, sensitive, adaptable to a high throughput analysis, and requires only a small amount of sample without pretreatment. Its potential validity has been shown by a comparative analysis using proteomics and in vivo test of intestinal permeability [2], and inter laboratory analyses performed on a multi-strain probiotic sample reference. Besides the pure analytical aspects, this method can also provide some relevant fundamental information on the thermostability of the probiotic strains. More than 100 products containing, either mono-strain or multi-strain formulations, and pure strain samples, have been tested with this method, and each sample shows a unique qualitative profile and significant different quantitative thermophysical data. Comparative analyses with other techniques and database creation are among the future investigations to be conducted in such a promising quality and integrity control approach, which is also valuable for other food and non food products

Farm2Fork: Organization and Idea Presentation

The online workshop aimed at building a consortium for preparing proposals to the Horizon Europe-CL6-2021-FARM2FORK calls. Each participant succinctly presented his organization, expertises, and the main reason of his interest to the related topics

Carbohydrate-Based Surfactants: Structure-Activity Relationships

The aim of the present contribution is: (1) to review CBS in terms of structural classification based on their molecular size (mono-, oligo-, polymeric surfactants), geometry (standard, bipolar or bolaform, and gemini surfactants), and the nature of the polar headgroup (charged or not, cyclic or not), the apolar tail (number and length of alkyl chain), and the linker (amide, ester, ...) and/or the spacer; (2) to present systematically results on structure- activity relationships of uronic acid derivatives (UADs), a particular class of carbohydrate-based surfactants. These concern the impact of each structural entity including the polar headgroup (stereochemistry), apolar tail (chain length, number, and unsaturation), and linkage/spacer, on the performance of UADs to change surface properties, and possibly, to form and stabilize colloidal systems

Wettability of Probiotic Powders: Fundamentals, Methodologies, and Applications

Wettability is a macroscopic consequence of microscopic phenomena occurring at the fluid-solid interfaces. This functional property is crucial for the formulation of wettable powders in food and non-food sectors. Basically, powder wettability is mostly assessed through the contact angle measurements of solid particles reacting with dispersing media, by either the sessile drop method or the capillary rise technique. Among the most popular bioactive agents nowadays are probiotics and their metabolites, which are receiving a growing interest for their beneficial effects on our ecosystem health. As live functional ingredients, probiotics are mainly available in a powder form that is sensitive to the environmental stress factors during processing and storage steps. It is therefore crucial to understand and control their wettability, regarding their performance, dispersibility, and stability when probiotic particles come into contact with dispersing media and body fluids. The proposal chapter aims to review: (1) the theoretical aspects of powder wettability by considering compact and porous materials; (2) the analytical tools and methodologies of measurement, including sessile drop and capillary rise methods using models Lucas-Washburn equation and Darcy’s law; and (3) the applications to probiotic powders as functional ingredients in food and agricultural sectors

Synbiotics and their Antioxidant Properties, Mechanisms, and Benefits on Human and Animal Health: A Narrative Review

peer reviewedAntioxidants are often associated with a variety of anti-aging compounds that can ensure human and animal health longevity. Foods and diet supplements from animals and plants are the common exogenous sources of antioxidants. However, microbial-based products, including probiotics and their derivatives, have been recognized for their antioxidant properties through numerous studies and clinical trials. While the number of publications on probiotic antioxidant capacities and action mechanisms is expanding, that of synbiotics combining probiotics with prebiotics is still emerging. Here, the antioxidant metabolites and properties of synbiotics, their modes of action, and their different effects on human and animal health are reviewed and discussed. Synbiotics can generate almost unlimited possibilities of antioxidant compounds, which may have superior performance compared to those of their components through additive or complementary effects, and especially by synergistic actions. Either combined with antioxidant prebiotics or not, probiotics can convert these substrates to generate antioxidant compounds with superior activities. Such synbiotic-based new routes for supplying natural antioxidants appear relevant and promising in human and animal health prevention and treatment. A better understanding of various component interactions within synbiotics is key to generating a higher quality, quantity, and bioavailability of antioxidants from these biotic sources.1. No poverty2. Zero hunger3. Good health and well-being9. Industry, innovation and infrastructure17. Partnerships for the goal

Applications and Action Mechanisms of Probiotic-Based Multi-Components

editorial reviewedProbiotic-based multi-component preparations refer to a mixture of bioactive agents, containing probiotics or postbiotics as main functional ingredients, and prebiotics, protectants, stabilizers, encapsulating agents, and other compounds as additional constituents.One Health approaches to support agroecological transformation of peri-urban farming1. No poverty2. Zero hunger3. Good health and well-being10. Reduced inequalities11. Sustainable cities and communities12. Responsible consumption and production13. Climate action17. Partnerships for the goal

Belgique

peer reviewedProbiotic-based diet supplementations are among potential treatments of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) because of the existing gut microbiota profile-mental health. In order to conceive a personalized probiotic supplement to a specified autistic adult, the fecal microbiota of his neurotypical father, mother and sister, have been analyzed and compared. The latest 16S rRNA technology was used for microbial determination at species level (Mymicrozoo analysis, The Netherlands). Less microbiota diversity and an uncommon higher Streptococcus/Lactobacillus abundance ratio were revealed in the autistic adult compared to his relatives. These results were discussed in relation to his digestive issues

High Streptococcus/Lactobacillus Ratio Revealed in Autistic Adult

Autism is today considered as an epidemic disease, owing to the great increase of the number of children diagnosed for this neurodevelopment disorder, 1/150 now against 1/10000 years ago. Individuals suffering from Autism-Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) are generally characterized by impairment in communication skills, and stereotypical behavior troubles. Incomplete digestion of gluten and casein, leaky gut syndrome and low gastric acid secretion are among autism specific causes. The use of probiotics has been suggested for possible treatment of ASDs because of the existing relationship between gut and mental health [1]. In a recent report case, we have shown the positive effect of the nutritherapy approach for solving digestive troubles in an autistic individual with intolerance to gluten [2], and without pathogenic mutation on main autistic genes (CNTNAP2 and NRXN1). In order to get insight into the gut composition - autism relationship in probiotics for the same person, his microbiota has been analyzed and compared to those of 3 non-autistic members of his nuclear family by using the latest 16S rRNA technology (microzoo analysis, The Netherlands). It has been revealed that the Streptococcus-Lactobacillus ratio was particularly 50 to 1000 times higher in the autistic's gut compared to individuals with normal communication skills. References: [1] Discroll A, Arnold L. E., Williams K., Savidge T. and Hayes C. Probiotics and autism spectrum disorder, In: Trends in Probiotic Applications, Ed. H. Razafindralambo, Studium Press LCC, Houston, TX. 2018, 171-184. [2] Razafindralambo H, Rabetafika H, Razafindralambo A. Nutrition-Based therapeutic approaches for solving autistic digestive troubles. Adv Food Technol Nutr Sci Open J. 2016; 2(3): 88-95

Gluten Intolerance as Potential Target for Managing Autism Spectrum Disorders: Towards Innovative Dietary Approaches

The present mini review states and discusses the current situation on dietary strategies in gluten intolerance, a potential target for managing Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs), by analyzing particularly new approaches based on personalized probiotic supplements. Such mulifunctional “good” bacteria appear innovative for remedying discomfort consequences of gluten ingestion by providing at once nutritional, preventive or/and therapeutic solutions