Efficient Bargains in the Context of Recent Labour Market Experience and Policy

In Europe in recent times, bargaining between a leading nationally-based industrial union and a representative group of employers over the issues of employment, wages and working time has proved to be influential in a much wider industrial context. Adopting a generalized Nash bargaining approach, this paper considers the possible effects on such "key" bargains of several prominent labor market events and policies experienced since the middle 1970s. These include the impacts of OPEC supply shocks, changes in union power, greater emphasis on payroll taxes as well as growing government economic orthodoxy as expressed through the goal of a balanced budget.unions, Europe, bargaining, Moutos, Hart

Efficient Bargains in the Context of Recent Labor Market Experience and Policy

In Europe in recent times, bargaining between a leading nationally-based industrial union and a representative group of employers over the issues of employment, wages and working time has proved to be influential in a much wider industrial context. Adopting a generalized Nash bargaining approach, this paper considers the possible effects on such key bargains of several prominent labor market events and policies experienced since the middle 1970s. These include the impacts of OPEC supply shocks, changes in union power, greater emphasis on payroll taxes as well as growing government economic orthodoxy as expressed through the goal of a balanced budget

Appreciative inquiry in management education: measuring the success of co-created learning

This paper reviews Appreciative Inquiry (AI) and its potential contribution to creating classrooms desired by all participants. It addresses the question of personal contribution to the creation of that which is identified by those responsible for its creation. A brief review of AI’s history and the fundamental ideas behind its practice is followed by a detailed step-by-step approach of how it is applied to a graduate class in Leadership and Management Development. The exercise is situated in the context of student directed learning and the positive possibilities of this exercise in students’ lives. Statistical analysis of a survey created from the identified outcomes is presented. The survey was administered on two occasions over the semester to measure the extent to which the class had accomplished the ideals, and a self-report of students’ contribution to that achievement. Results show a significant relationship between those items that are deemed high priority for the course and students’ assessment of achievement and their contribution to that achievement. Conclusions and implications are included with some questions posed for further research and practice

Scattering a pulse from a chaotic cavity: Transitioning from algebraic to exponential decay

The ensemble averaged power scattered in and out of lossless chaotic cavities decays as a power law in time for large times. In the case of a pulse with a finite duration, the power scattered from a single realization of a cavity closely tracks the power law ensemble decay initially, but eventually transitions to an exponential decay. In this paper, we explore the nature of this transition in the case of coupling to a single port. We find that for a given pulse shape, the properties of the transition are universal if time is properly normalized. We define the crossover time to be the time at which the deviations from the mean of the reflected power in individual realizations become comparable to the mean reflected power. We demonstrate numerically that, for randomly chosen cavity realizations and given pulse shapes, the probability distribution function of reflected power depends only on time, normalized to this crossover time.Comment: 23 pages, 5 figure

What Works to Prevent Sexual Violence Against Children

The data is clear: Sexual violence affects girls and boys in every country around the world. For far too long it has been a silent pandemic, with little awareness of the scope, scale, and consequences of the problem or understanding of potential solutions. That silence has allowed violence against children to perpetuate. However, there is hope. Recently, there has been a global awakening to the issue of sexual violence against children. While there has been little conversation around solutions to prevent sexual violence, this document intends to change that. By analyzing the best available research on existing strategies and identifying the most effective and promising solutions, we have created a resource for decision-makers, advocates, and program implementers, showcasing what works to prevent sexual violence in childhood and adolescence. Building off the INSPIRE framework “Seven Strategies to Prevent Violence Against Children,” this evidence review looked at strategies specifically focused on preventing sexual violence. We then categorized these interventions as effective, promising, prudent, conflicting, no effect, or harmful. From school-based, safe-dating programs to community mobilization efforts, these evidence-based solutions showcase that there are practical, cost-effective programs that can help break the cycle of violence. The evidence shows that sexual violence can — and must — be prevented. Now it’s on us to bring these solutions to scale. Together, we can create a safer world for every child