IP Policy Forum: The Future of Clinical Trials: More Transparency and Pharmacogenomics

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Volatile metabolites of endophytic Klebsiella aerogenes from Zingiber zerumbet rhizome and its antagonistic effect on soft rot causative Pythium myriotylum

Rhizomes of Zingiber zerumbet collected from their natural habitat and reported earlier to have high zerumbone content were selected for isolation of endophytes. Biochemical and molecular characterization using 16S rRNA sequencing of the endophytes identified the isolates as belonging to genus Klebsiella, Pantoea and Enterobacter. Isolate designated ZzKSD8 identified as K. aerogenes yielded maximal antagonistic activities against P. myriotylum determined as 83.5% ± 0.77. Volatile metabolites produced by ZzKSD8 caused absolute impairment of P. myriotylum hyphal growth compared to control (23.9 ± 0.37 cm). Volatile metabolites were extracted from 48 hour grown stationary phase ZzKSD8 cultures using absolute methanol, ethyl acetate and ethanol (60% v/v). GC-MS metabolite profiling detected alkanes and fatty acid methyl esters as the predominant constituents in the solvent extracts. Major constituents included methyl palmitate (31.37%), methyl stearate (18.57%) and cyclopropaneoctanoic acid, 2-hexyl-, methyl ester (17.05%) in methanol extract; alkanes like tetratetracontane (13.18%) and 2-methyloctacosane (12.10%) in ethyl acetate extracts and 4,22-sigmastadiene-3-one as major metabolite (22.51%) and stigmast-5-en-3-ol, (3.beta) (17.40%) in ethanol extract. Identified metabolites reported to modulate defense strategies in plants against phytopathogens makes ZzKSD8 a potential candidate for development of biological alternatives to control soil-borne soft-rot disease

Uterine rupture at the fundus during pregnancy: a case report

Rupture of a gravid uterus is a surgical emergency. Predisposing factors include a scarred uterus. Spontaneous rupture of an unscarred uterus during pregnancy is a rare occurrence. We hereby present the case of a spontaneous complete uterine fundal rupture at Karnataka Institute of Medical Sciences, Hubli, Karnataka, India. The patient had a history of septal resection. Spontaneous uterine rupture occurs when there is an upper segment uterine scar. This case report shows that past history of septal resection is a risk factor for the presence of uterine scar

Wireless Emitter Location Estimation Based on Linear and Nonlinear Algorithms using TDOA Technique

Low-power devices such as cell phones, and wireless routers are commonly used to control Improvised Explosive Devices (IEDs) and as the communication nodes for the sake of command and control. Quickly locating the source of these signals is ambitious, specifically in a metropolitan environment where buildings and towers may cause intervention. This presents a geolocation system that compounds the attributes of several proven geolocation and error mitigation methods to locate an emitter of interest in an urban environment. The proposed geolocation system uses a Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA) approach to estimate the position of the emitter of interest. Using multiple sensors at known locations, TDOA estimates are achieved by the cross-correlation of the signal received at all the sensors. A Weighted Least Squares (WLS) solution, Linear least Square (LLS) method and maximum likelihood (ML) estimation is used to estimate the emitter's location. If the variance of this location estimate is too high, a sensor is detected and identified as possessing a Non-Line of Sight (NLOS) path from the emitter. This poorly located sensor is then removed from the geolocation system and a new position estimate is computed with the remaining sensor TDOA information. The performance of the TDOA system is determined through modeling and simulations. Test results confirm the feasibility of identifying a NLOS sensor, thereby improving the geolocation system's accurateness in a metropolitan environment

A Comprehensive Analysis of Nidana for Netra Rogas as explained by different Ayurveda instigators in the specific context of Netra Shalakya

Ayurvedic way of diagnosis has two basic components mainly Rogapariksha and Rogipariksha. Among them Rogapariksha gives us the detailed knowledge about a disease starting from the etiological aspects to the actual manifestion of disease. The five basic components of Rogapariksha are Nidana, Purvarupa, Rupa, Samprapti and Upashaya, which are collectively known as Nidana Panchakas. Nidana, the foremost component among them not only gives the knowledge of causative factors but also helps in treatment by avoiding them. Among all the Indriyas, Netra is said to be Pradhana, thus a special care and concern should be taken to protect it. Understanding the strength of the causative factors for eye diseses will help to execute the treatment appropriately and maintain the healthy vision. Thus an attempt is made to analyse the Netra Roga Nidana in this presentation

Discontinuous Galerkin Methods with Generalized Numerical Fluxes for the Vlasov-Viscous Burgers' System

In this paper, semi-discrete numerical scheme for the approximation of the periodic Vlasov-viscous Burgers' system is developed and analyzed. The scheme is based on the coupling of discontinuous Galerkin approximations for the Vlasov equation and local discontinuous Galerkin approximations for the viscous Burgers' equation. Both these methods use generalized numerical fluxes. The proposed scheme is both mass and momentum conservative. Based on generalized Gauss-Radau projections, optimal rates of convergence in the case of smooth compactly supported initial data are derived. Finally, computational results confirm our theoretical findings.Comment: 35 pages, 16 figure