Procedure and test tariffs (2014).

<p>Procedure and test tariffs (2014).</p

Population characteristics.

<p>Population characteristics.</p

Usage of diagnostic procedures in diagnostic pathway.

<p>Usage of diagnostic procedures in diagnostic pathway.</p

Baseline patient characteristics.

<p>Baseline patient characteristics.</p

Baseline ¹⁸F-FDG PET and CT tumor response measurements with PERCIST and EORTC criteria and progression-free survival per patient with ALK positive NSCLC.

<p>Baseline ¹⁸F-FDG PET and CT tumor response measurements with PERCIST and EORTC criteria and progression-free survival per patient with ALK positive NSCLC.</p

¹⁸F-FDG maximum intensity projection of patient 2 and 8 prior to (A, B) and after 6 weeks of treatment with crizotinib (C, D).

<p>Scale is from 0–15 SUV. These images illustrate the clinically dramatic decrease in ¹⁸F-FDG uptake, with both patients having a PMR according to both PERCIST criteria and the EORTC recommendations.</p

Quality assessment of positron emission tomography scans: recommendations for future multicentre trials

<p><b>Background:</b> Standardization protocols and guidelines for positron emission tomography (PET) in multicenter trials are available, despite a large variability in image acquisition and reconstruction parameters exist. In this study, we investigated the compliance of PET scans to the guidelines of the European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM). From these results, we provide recommendations for future multicenter studies using PET.</p> <p><b>Material and methods:</b> Patients included in a multicenter randomized phase II study had repeated PET scans for early response assessment. Relevant acquisition and reconstruction parameters were extracted from the digital imaging and communications in medicine (DICOM) header of the images. The PET image parameters were compared to the guidelines of the EANM for tumor imaging version 1.0 recommended parameters.</p> <p><b>Results:</b> From the 223 included patients, 167 baseline scans and 118 response scans were available from 15 hospitals. Scans of 19% of the patients had an uptake time that fulfilled the Uniform Protocols for Imaging in Clinical Trials response assessment criteria. The average quality score over all hospitals was 69%. Scans with a non-compliant uptake time had a larger standard deviation of the mean standardized uptake value (SUVmean) of the liver than scans with compliant uptake times.</p> <p><b>Conclusions:</b> Although a standardization protocol was agreed on, there was a large variability in imaging parameters. For future, multicenter studies including PET imaging a prospective central quality review during patient inclusion is needed to improve compliance with image standardization protocols as defined by EANM.</p

Detection of <i>ALK</i> gene mutations in tumor samples.

<p><b>(A)</b> RNA-sequencing reads of the two mutations. Grey bars show the wild type positions, the colored bar indicates the mutant position. The number of wild type and mutant reads were 56/75 for patient #1 (c.3467G>A) and 0/25 for patient #3 (c.3806G>C)(Top). RNA Sanger sequencing in the post-treatment tumor sample of patient #1 confirmed presence of wild type and mutated <i>EML4-ALK</i> copy using primers covering the <i>ALK</i> break (Bottom). The sequences in this picture are based on plus strand, whereas the <i>ALK</i> gene is located on the minus strand of chromosome 2. <b>(B)</b> DNA Sanger sequencing results in the pre- and post-treatment tumor samples. <b>(C)</b> ddPCR results of the pre-and post-treatment tumor samples of patient #1 and #3. Number of positive droplets for mutant and wild type alleles is written in each gate of the scatter plots. Sensitivity of the assays was 0.1 and 0.5% for C1156Y and G1269A, respectively. Fractional abundance for the mutant allele was 26% and 19.8% in the post-treatment tumors of patients #1 and #3, respectively. Pre: pre-treatment tumor sample; Post: post-treatment tumor sample.</p

Distribution of different <i>KRAS</i> amino acid changes in advanced NSCLC patients^*.

<p>Distribution of different <i>KRAS</i> amino acid changes in advanced NSCLC patients^{<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0152317#t004fn001" target="_blank">*</a>}.</p

Summary of the diagnostic FISH, immunohistochemistry and the transcriptome analysis results.

<p>Summary of the diagnostic FISH, immunohistochemistry and the transcriptome analysis results.</p