Functional categories affected by <i>Trichuris suis</i> infection in the porcine proximal colon microbiota annotated using the eggNOG database.

<p>The class labeled “unknown”, which accounted for 61.34% of hits, were not included. * denotes significantly impacted by infection, regardless of the worm burden.</p

Phylum-level relative composition of the microbiome in the porcine proximal colon.

<p>Boxes denote the inter-quartile range between the 1^st and 3^rd quartiles (25 and 75%, respectively, <i>N</i> = 11). Blue: detected using MetaPhyler; Red: detected using MG-RAST. Y-axis: log scale.</p

Taxonomic profiles of the porcine colon microbiota.

<p>Numbers of taxa identified by MetaPhyler (MG-RAST) are listed (<i>N</i> = 11).</p

Genera significantly impacted by helminth infection in the porcine colon microbiota.

<p>Numbers denote mean ±SD of percentage composition (<i>N</i> = 4). Only genera significantly impacted detected by both MetaPhyler and MG RAST are listed. Different superscripted letters indicated significantly different at <i>P</i><0.05 based on a modified t-test.</p

Localized changes in gene expression in the proximal colon epithelium.

<p>The relative changes in gene expression were determined by real-time RT-PCR (TaqMan) and compared between <i>T. suis</i>-infected pigs with a high worm burden (High) and low worm burden (worm-free or Low), and uninfected naïve control pigs (CTRL).</p

Select pathways were significantly affected infection with <i>Trichuris suis</i> in the porcine proximal colon microbiota.

<p>Numbers denote the percentage of hits positively assigned to each pathway. Different colors (Red or Yellow) indicate a significant difference between the cohorts infected with <i>Trichuris suis</i> that had adults worms (Worm) and the infected cohort where adult worms had been expelled (Worm-free). The numbers with a Blue font denote significant difference in relative abundance between uninfected control and infected (Worm + Worm-free) groups.</p

Differences in functional profiles and metabolic potentials of the porcine proximal colon microbiota between uninfected (CT) and infected groups (Worm and Worm-free).

<p>Principal component analysis (PCA) was performed using the ade4 package in R based on relative abundance of 50 selected function classes assigned using the eggNOG database.</p

Relative abundance of 15 genera in the porcine proximal colon microbiota detected using MetaPhyler.

<p>Boxes denote the inter-quartile range between the 1^st and 3^rd quartiles (25 and 75%, respectively). Blue: Parasite naïve pigs (<i>N</i> = 3); Red: Infected pigs (<i>N</i> = 8). Symbol {} denotes a possible novel genus within the taxon indicated. For example, Ruminococcaceae{family} indicates a possible novel genus within the family Ruminococcaceae. A significant repression of relative abundance of the genus <i>Fibrobacter</i> and a possible novel genus in the phylum Fibrobacteres was detected in the proximal colon microbiota of <i>Trichuris suis</i> infected pigs. Y-axis: log scale.</p