Test adequacy assessment using test-defect coverage analytic model

Software testing is an essential activity in software development process that has been widely used as a means of achieving software reliability and quality. The emergence of incremental development in its various forms required a different approach to determining the readiness of the software for release. This approach needs to determine how reliable the software is likely to be based on planned tests, not defect growth and decline as typically shown in reliability growth models. A combination of information from a number of sources into an easily understood dashboard is expected to provide both qualitative and quantitative analyses of test and defect coverage properties. Hence, Test-Defect Coverage Analytic Model (TDCAM) is proposed which combines test and defect coverage information presented in a dashboard to help deciding whether there are enough tests planned. A case study has been conducted to demonstrate the usage of the proposed model. The visual representations and results gained from the case study show the benefits of TDCAM in assisting practitioners making informed test adequacy-related decisions

Development and Evaluation of Content Validity and Acceptance of a Multidomain Intervention Module for Reversal of Cognitive Frailty Among Older Adults

Norhayati Mustafa Khalid,1 Pavapriya Ponvel,1 Azianah Mohamad Ibrahim,1 A’isyah Mohd Safien,1 Nurul Hidayah Md Fadzil,1 Devinder Kaur Ajit Singh,1 Arimi Fitri Mat Ludin,1 Norhayati Ibrahim,1 Ponnusamy Subramaniam,1 Hasnah Haron,1 Roslee Rajikan,1 Divya Vanoh,2 Suzana Shahar1 1Center for Healthy Aging and Wellness, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; 2Dietetics Programme, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, MalaysiaCorrespondence: Suzana Shahar, Center for Healthy Aging and Wellness, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur, 50300, Malaysia, Tel +60 392897163, Email [email protected]: There is a limited availability of multidomain interventions that target cognitive frailty. Thus, the aim of the present study was to develop and evaluate the content validity and acceptance of the multidomain intervention module to reverse cognitive frailty among older adults (iAGELESS).Patients and Methods: This study was conducted in two phases: Phase I included the development of the multidomain intervention module iAGELESS and evaluation of content validity, while Phase II consisted of evaluating the acceptance of the module among 18 healthcare and social care providers, 13 older adults with cognitive frailty, and 13 caregivers. Content validity index (CVI) was used to quantify the content validity. Respondents completed a questionnaire which consisted of information on sociodemographic, followed by module acceptance evaluation with respect to content, terminologies, and graphics. The data was then analyzed descriptively.Results: A multidomain intervention module, iAGELESS was developed. The module was found to have appropriate content validity (overall CVI = 0.83). All the caregivers, 92% of older adults with cognitive frailty and 83% of healthcare and social care providers were satisfied with the overall content of the module. More than 50% of those who accepted the module had satisfactory consensus on the ease of the terminologies, length of sentences, pictures, information, color, and font size included in the module.Conclusion: The iAGELESS module demonstrated good content validity and was well accepted, thus warranting its utilization in future studies to determine its effectiveness in reversing cognitive frailty among older adults.Keywords: aging, cognitive frailty, multidomain intervention module, older adults, reversa

Promoting Ethics and Integrity in Management Academic Research: Retraction Initiative

In management academic research, academic advancement, job security, and securing of research funds in the university are judged mainly by the outputs of publications in high impact journals. With bogus resume filled with published journal articles, the university and other allied institutions are keen to recruit or sustain the appointment of such academics. This often leads to undue pressure on the parts of the intending academics or those already recruited to engage in research misconducts. This structured review therefore focuses on the ethics and integrity issues in management research via the analysis of retracted articles within a period of 2005-2016. This study employs a literature review methodology. In 2017, the database (Crossref and Google scholar) of retracted articles published between 2005 and 2016 in the field of management science were searched by using Boolean strings such as retracted articles in management, notice of retraction in management science, research ethics, and plagiarism in management research. The searched articles were subsequently streamlined by choosing the articles based on their relevance and content in accordance with the inclusion criteria. Based on the analyzed retracted articles, the study shows that there are evidences of unethical issues among researchers in management science. The unethical issues identifies include data falsification, duplication of submitted articles, plagiarism, data irregularities and incomplete citations. Interestingly, the analyzed results indicate that knowledge management has the highest number of retracted articles with plagiarism as the predominant ethical issues. Also, the findings from this study indicated that unethical misconducts are not restricted to a particular geographical location but cut across different countries. However, it is moreprevalent in some countries compare to others