Creating safety : intersection of healthcare and police response to violence against immigrant south asian women in British Columbia : a service provision model

Background Intimate Partner Violence (IPV), is an internationally prevalent health and safety issue impacting women. Immigrant South Asian women (ISAW) in British Columbia (BC) remain vulnerable to serious injuries and homicides despite efforts of healthcare and police services. It is critical to improve these responses. Knowledge of the challenges to responses can inform and improve services and the well-being of ISAW. Aims This study aimed to explore the needs of ISAW and the challenges of healthcare and police responses, how these may inform responses and to compare the perspectives of survivors, responders and experts to improve the health and safety of ISAW. Methods Design: a two-phased, mixed methods study. Phase 1: a purposive sample of 4 focus groups of 22 ISAW survivors from four cities in BC. An additional focus group involved five subject matter experts. Also conducted were seven face-to-face semi-structured interviews with twelve key informants. Phase 2: a convenience sample of 128 provincial responders completed an online survey. Results The key emerging themes for survivors were the difficulties in identifying and disclosing IPV and the responses to IPV. Responders identified the gaps in services, culturally and linguistically inappropriate policies and uncoordinated and non-collaborative efforts. For the ISAW, perceptions, fears, and socio-cultural impediments hindered their disclosure of IPV. They required culturally and linguistically trauma informed responses, policies and practices to overcome multiple and complex challenges. Co-ordinated, collaborative systemic responses to improve the health and safety of ISAW were identified by all participants, including appropriate risk assessment. Conclusion This study adds to current knowledge by contributing to the understanding of IPV of ISAW from different perspectives: ISAW survivors, responders and experts. This knowledge offers potential improvements to services and policy developments to reduce the health and safety risks to IPV survivors.Doctor of Philosoph

An Exploration of Faculty and Student Perceptions of Mentoring

Students may be faced with many challenges and stressors as they progress through their chosen field of education. Nursing education is no different. As nursing students progress through their program of study, they can face stresses similar to those faced by nurses in practice with the additional burden and stress of academic life, often without the support that might be in place for nurses in clinical settings. Stress, burn-out, and high attrition rates in nursing schools during a time when nurses are much needed in the workforce remain prominent issues within nursing education. Mentoring, which is found inherently within all domains of nursing, might be an ideal strategy for working supportively with and guiding students through these challenges. Before proposing mentoring strategies, faculty and student perceptions of mentoring needed to be explored. The purpose of this study was to explore faculty and student perceptions of mentoring within the context of the following overarching research question: Q1 What is the experience and meaning of mentoring for nursing faculty and undergraduate nursing students? A qualitative research design utilizing a descriptive phenomenological method was used to conduct this study. Participants in the study included 8 nursing faculty members and 12 undergraduate nursing students, all of whom had experiences with mentoring--informal, formal, or both. They were asked to reflect on this experience in discussing interview questions posed to them. The participants were also asked to articulate a definition of mentoring, discuss whether mentoring was important for nursing students, and offer recommendations for mentoring nursing students. Data analysis of the interview transcripts from the students and faculty revealed four themes guided by an overarching theme of mentoring mitigating stress: (a) relationships and connections, (b) willingness and commitment to work together, (c) teaching and learning, and (d) personal characteristics. Faculty and student participants shared their thoughts on the benefits of mentoring and made recommendations for formalized mentoring programs that could meet the needs of students and faculty members with peers and faculty as mentors. Nursing educators and students need to work together to develop mentoring programs that meet their learning needs and create positive learning environments based on mentoring one another. Recommendations for further research were also made as mentoring in nursing education has not been explored in significant detail thus far

Poems

COME DANCING, SHE GOT US TO DANCE ON HER ASHE

Study of snail and slug population dynamics in relation to edaphic factors in plant nurseries near Buddha Nullah, Ludhiana (Punjab), India

The present study was conducted to study of snail and slug population dynamics in relation to edaphic factors in plant nurseries near Buddha Nullah, Ludhiana (Punjab), India., In the survey of four ornamental plant nurseries viz., Prabhakar, Tulsigaurd, Laxmi plant nurseries near Buddha nullah, Ludhiana and one reference site Punjab Agricultural University nursery, Ludhiana revealed the presence of only one species of both snails and slugs viz., Macrochlamys indica and Filicaulis alteviz. brown slug with black spots respectively in the four plant nurseries. Population density of slugs and snails was maximum in the month of August in all the plant nurseries indicating moisture ranging from 32.36 to 33.5 and temperature ranging from 21.5 to 23.25°C favours the population growth of both slugs and snails. Snail, M. indica and slug, F. alte preferred sandy loamy alkaline soil with high moisture, nitrogen, particle density, high organic matter content, high potassium and phosphorous concentrations, porosity and low bulk density

Indigenous construction of fishing boats at Versova village in Maharashtra State

Versova, one of the 23 fishing villages in the district of Greater Bombay, is a major fishing centre. During the last three decades mechanisation of fishing boats received a tremendous boost in the state specially in and around Bombay resulting in higher income and gainful employment to fishermen. Indigenous construction of fishing boats at Versova contributes to the marine fisheries development. Inspite of certain constraints in construction activities, training of artisans in boat construction would ultimately help in the economic growth of the village

Post-natal effects of maternal cigarette smoking and family dynamics on child behaviours

This study examined the relationship between maternal smoking (smoking during pregnancy) and child behavior problems, while considering other possible contributors to child behavior, namely parenting stress, family stability, life stress, family income, and parental education. In order to determine how smoking and non-smoking families may vary, this study also investigated differences between smoking and non-smoking families with respect to various descriptive and demographic characteristics, including environmental tobacco smoke exposure (ETS) throughout development Participants included mothers with children ages four to six years who either smoked during pregnancy, or did not Results revealed a significant dose dependent relationship between smoking during pregnancy (maternal smoking) along with post-natal ETS exposure, and behavioral problems in children. No significant differentiation was found between the families of smoking and non-smoking mothers and their parenting stress, family stability, parental education or family income. However, results did indicate that families of mothers who smoked during pregnancy experienced more life stressors in the past year tiian families o f non-smoking mothers. Overall maternal smoking and non-smoking families were similar on most of the descriptive and demographic variables with the exception of divorce rates, which were significantly higher in smoking mother families. Although parenting stress, family stability, parental education and family income were found to significantly contribute to child behavioral problems, smoking and non-smoking families were not distinguishable on these variables. Maternal smoking status, however, emerged as a significant unique predictor of post-natal behavioral problems

Gingival plasma cell granuloma: An enigmatic inflammatory pseudo-tumor with literature review

Plasma cell granulomas (PCGs) also known as inflammatory pseudotumors are tumor like proliferations consisting chiefly of plasma cells, found most commonly in lungs. They can occur in areas such as orbit, head, neck and liver, but rarely they occur in the oral cavity. We here report an exceedingly rare case of gingival PCG in a 52-year-old woman who presented with unusual maxillary gingival overgrowth by excisional biopsy. Histopathological examination of the lesion showed a dense mass consisting of thin keratinized epithelium with proliferating rete ridges. The connective tissue showed hypercellularity. A dense inflammatory infiltrate consisting primarily of plasma cells and lymphocytes was seen in the connective tissue. Focal budding capillaries were seen in the stroma confirming the diagnosis of PC

Effect of Vitamin E Supplementation on Hematological and Plasma Biochemical Parameters during Long Term Exposure of Arsenic in Goats

The present investigation was designed to determine whether supplementation of different level of vitamin E for 12 months to arsenic exposed goats (50 ppm as sodium arsenite) affords protection against the blood hemato-biochemical parameters caused by the metalloid. A total of 24 crossbred (Alpine×Beetal) lactating goats were assigned randomly into 4 equal groups (control, T1, T2 and T3) of 6 in each, on the basis of average body weight (36.10±0.11 kg) and milk yield (1.61±0.04 kg/d). The animals in T1, T2 and T3 were given 50 ppm arsenic, while in T2 and T3, additionally; vitamin E at the rate of 100 IU and 150 IU/kg dry matter (DM) respectively was additionally supplemented for the period of 12 months. Hemoglobin (Hb), total leukocyte (TLC) and blood lymphocyte % were decreased (p0.05) but creatinine level was periodically increased in all As supplemented groups and vitamin E supplementation did not produce any protective effect. It can be concluded that arsenic exposure resulted in varying degree of changes in hemato-biochemical parameters and activities of antioxidant enzymes in goats but concomitant treatment with Vitamin E is partially helpful in reducing the burden of arsenic induced effect

Dodatak kroma u teladi azijskog vodenog bivola (Bubalus bubalis) pod stresom od hladnoće: učinci na prirast, hranidbenu iskoristivost te staničnu i humoralnu imunost

Various stressors significantly increase urinary excretion of chromium (Cr), suggesting that Cr may be physiologically linked to the responses to control stress. The aim of this study was to determine the physiological responses of buffalo calves to increased Cr supply under low ambient temperature. In a randomized complete block design, twenty-four Murrah buffalo calves were assigned to 4 treatments for a period of 120 days. Treatments included either no supplemental Cr (control), 0.5 mg of supplemental Cr/kg DM, 1.0 mg of supplemental Cr/kg DM, or 1.5 mg of supplemental Cr/kg DM. Buffalo calves were monitored daily for physiological variables, dry matter intake (DMI) and fortnightly for body mass change. Blood samples were collected at fortnightly intervals and analyzed for the biomarkers of immunity and plasma trace mineral concentration. At the end of the 120 day experimental period, a 7 day metabolic trial was conducted. The average temperature-humidity index (THI) and relative humidity (RH) during the study were 58.10 units and 52.0% respectively. Physiological variables, DMI and growth performance did not differ among all treatments. 1.5 mg Cr/kg DM increased B and T-cell proliferation, neutrophil phagocytic activity and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) value, whereas plasma total immunoglobulin (TIg) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) concentrations were the highest in the 1.0 and 1.5 mg Cr/kg DM group. Nutrient digestibility, nitrogen (N) metabolism and trace mineral bioavailability did not differ between treatments, while the bioavailability of Cr showed a positive correlation with supplemental Cr level. The results suggest that in cold conditions, increased Cr supply can improve immune response without affecting physiological response, growth performance and nutrient utilization in buffalo calves.Različiti stresori značajno povećavaju izlučivanje kroma (Cr) mokraćom što naznačuje da Cr može biti fiziološki vezan s odgovorom za kontrolu stresa. Cilj je ovog rada bio odrediti fiziološke odgovore u bivolje teladi na povećani dodatak Cr u uvjetima niske temperature okoliša. Prema metodi slučajnog odabira skupina, 24 Murrah bivolska teleta bila su raspodijeljena u četiri skupine koje su bile različito tretirane u razdoblju od 120 dana. Životinjama jedne skupine dodavano je 0,5 mg Cr/kg suhe tvari, druge skupine 1,0 mg Cr/kg suhe tvari, a treće skupine 1,5 mg Cr/kg suhe tvari, dok kontrolnoj skupini Cr nije bio dodavan. U teladi su dnevno bile promatrane fiziološke varijable, uzimanje suhe tvari te svaka dva tjedna promjena tjelesne mase. Uzorci krvi bili su uzimani u razmacima od 14 dana i pretraženi na biomarkere imunosti i koncentraciju minerala u tragovima u plazmi. Na kraju pokusnog razdoblja od 120 dana proveden je sedmodnevni metabolički pokus. Prosječni indeks temperature i vlažnosti tijekom istraživanja iznosio je 58,10 jedinica dok je relativna vlažnost bila 52,0 %. Fiziološke varijable, uzimanje suhe tvari i prirast reducirajućeg željeza nisu se razlikovali među skupinama. Količina od 1,5 mg Cr/kg suhe tvari povećala je proliferaciju B- i T-limfocita, fagocitoznu aktivnost neutrofila i vrijednost antioksidacijske sposobnosti, dok su koncentracije ukupnih imunoglobulina plazme i imunoglobulina G (IgG) bile najveće u skupinama koje su dobivale 1,0 odnosno 1,5 mg Cr/kg suhe tvari. Nutritivna probavljivost, metabolizam dušika (N) i biološka raspoloživost minerala u tragovima nisu se razlikovali među skupinama. Biološka raspoloživost Cr bila je u korelaciji s razinom njegova dodatka. Rezultati upućuju na zaključak da povećani dodatak Cr u hladnoći može poboljšati imunosni odgovor bez utjecaja na fiziološki odgovor, prirast i hranidbenu iskoristivost u bivolje teladi