Advantages of early intervention with arterial embolization for intra-abdominal solid organ injuries in children

PURPOSEActive bleeding due to abdominal trauma is an important cause of mortality in childhood. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the advantages of early percutaneous transcatheter arterial embolization (PTAE) procedures in children with intra-abdominal hemorrhage due to blunt trauma.METHODSChildren with blunt abdominal trauma were retrospectively included. Two groups were identified for inclusion: patients with early embolization (EE group, n=10) and patients with late embolization (LE group, n=11). Both groups were investigated retrospectively and statistically analyzed with regard to lengths of stay in the intensive care unit and in the hospital, first enteral feeding after trauma, blood transfusion requirements, and cost.RESULTSThe duration of stay in the intensive care unit was greater in the LE group than in the EE group (4 days vs. 2 days, respectively). The duration of hospital stay was greater in the LE group than in the EE group (14 days vs. 6 days, respectively). Blood transfusion requirements (15 cc/kg of RBC packs) were greater in the LE group than in the EE group (3 vs. 1, respectively). The total hospital cost was higher in the LE group than in the EE group (4502 USD vs. 1371.5 USD, respectively). The time before starting enteral feeding after first admission was higher in the LE group than in the EE group (4 days vs. 1 day, respectively).CONCLUSIONEarly embolization with PTAE results in shorter intensive care and hospitalization stays, earlier enteral feeding, and lower hospital costs for pediatric patients with intra-abdominal hemorrhage due to blunt trauma

Effect of the surface dehydratation (Ethanol-Wet Bonding) on the microleakage scores of the two current self etch adhesive system

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, adeziv sistem uygulamalarından önce kavite yüzeylerine etanol uygulamasının, günümüzde kullanılmakta olan iki adet self-etch sistemin mikrosızıntı skorları üzerindeki etkisini araştırmaktır. Materyal-Metot: Çalışmamızda, 28 adet çürüksüz, insan üçüncü molar dişin bukkal yüzeylerine, mine-sement birleşiminde sınıf V kaviteler hazırlanmıştır. Çalışmada, iki aşamalı Clearfil SE Bond ve tek aşamalı Clearfil S3 Bond, üretici firma önerileri doğrultusunda veya adeziv sistemlerin uygulanmasından önce kavitelere %95’lik etanolun 30 sn uygulanmasını takiben uygulanmıştır (n=7). Bağlayıcı uygulamasının arkasından, kompozit materyali ile restorasyonlar tamamlanmıştır. Restorasyonları tamamlanan örneklere, 5°C ile 55°C arasında 1.000 devir termal siklus işlemi uygulanmıştır. Termal siklus uygulamasından sonra, örnekler %0,5’lik metilen mavisinde 24 saat bekletilmiştir. Boyadan çıkartılan örneklerden dikey kesitler alınarak, boya sızıntısı skorlanmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçların istatistiksel değerlendirilmesi, Kruskal- Wallis ve One- way ANOVA testleri ile yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Bu çalışmada, etanol uygulaması yapılan örnekler ile adeziv sistemlerin üretici firma doğrultusunda uygulandığı örneklerin mine duvarlarında, Clearfil SE Bond ile Clearfil S3 Bond benzer sızıntı skorları sergilerken, dentin duvarlarında Clearfil SE Bond, Clearfil S3 Bond’dan daha düşük sızıntı sergilemiştir (p>0,05). Kavite yüzeylerine adeziv sistemlerin uygulamasından önce etanol uygulanması, her iki adeziv sisteminde mine ve dentindeki sızıntı skorlarında anlamlı bir değişiklik yapmamıştır (p>0,05). Sonuç: Self etch adeziv sistemlerin dentin duvarlarındaki mikrosızıntı skorları, yüzeylere etanol uygulaması sonucu hafif düzeyde azalırken, mine duvarlarındaki sızıntı skorları bu uygulamadan etkilenmemiştir. Bağlayıcı ajan uygulamasından önce etanol uygulanan dentin yüzeyleri, self-etch sistemlerin uzun dönem adezyonu için daha gelişmiş bir yüzey sağlayabilir.Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of surface pretreatment with ethanol before bonding procedure, on the microleakage of two current self-etch adhesive systems. Material-Method: Class V cavities were prepared on the facial surfaces of 28 non-carious, human third molar teeth at the cemento-enamel junction. A two-step self-etch adhesive Clearfil SE Bond and a one-step self-etch adhesive Clearfil S3 Bond were applied to the cavities directly, according to the manufacturer’s instructions or after pre-treatment with 95% acetone for 30s before bonding (n=7). After bonding, the cavities were filled with a resin composite. The teeth with completed restorations were thermocycled 1,000 cycles between 5°C and 55°C. After thermocycle, the teeth were immersed in 0,5% methylene blue dye for 24 hours. The specimens that removed from dye were then sectioned longitudinally and dye penetration was scored. Data were analyzed using Kruskal- Wallis and One-way ANOVA tests. Results: The microleakage scores of Clearfil SE Bond and Clearfil S3 Bond, used directly or with ethanol pre-treatment to the cavity surfaces, were similar at enamel walls, the scores of Clearfil SE Bond were slightly reduced on dentinal walls when compared with Clearfil S3 Bond (p>0,05). The pretreatment of ethanol before bonding system application to the cavity surfaces had no significant effect on the microleakage scores of two adhesive systems on enamel and dentin. Discussion:: The microleakage scores of self-etch adhesive systems on dentinal walls of the teeth were slightly reduced after ethanol pre-treatment, but the scores on enamel walls were not affected. The ethanol pre-treated dentin surfaces may provide an improved substrate for resin adhesion of selfetching adhesives due to the dentin dehydration in long terms

Nanofil rezin kompozitlerle restore edilmiş 107 anterior dişin klinik olarak değerlendirilmesi: 32 aylık takip

Aim: This study evaluated the clinical performance of a nanofill resin composite in Class III and IV cavities.Materials and Methods: One hundred and seven Class III and Class IV restorations were performed with a nanofill resin composite. Restorations were evaluated using the modified USPHS/FDI criteria. The changes were analyzed using McNemar and Marginal Homogeneity and Kaplan-Meier tests.Results: Fourteen absolute failures were encountered resulting in a survival rate of 86.8% (Kaplan-Meier). Nanofill resin composite showed acceptable clinical performance up to 32 months of service.Conclusion: However color stability and retention decreased at the end of two year fol-low up instead of fractures.Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, nanofil bir rezin kompozitin klinik performansının sınıf 3 ve sınıf 4 kavitelere yapılan restorasyonlar ile değerlendirilmesidir.Gereç ve Yöntem: 107 adet sınıf 3 ve sınıf 4 restorasyon nanofil rezin kompozit ile re-store edildi ve daha sonra modifiye USPHS/FDI kriterleri ile değerlendirildi. Sonuçlar McNemar ve Marjinal Homojenite ve Kaplan-Meier testleri ile analiz edildi.Bulgular: 14 adet restorasyonda başarısızlık tespitiyle birlikte %86,8 lik bir restorasyon başarı oranı yakalandı. Nanofil rezin kompozitin 32 aylık periyotta kabul edilebilir bir klin-ik başarı gösterdiği tespit edildi.Sonuç: 2 yıllık takip sonunda renk stabilitesi ve retansiyonun azaldığı belirlendi

Profilaktik polisaj protokolleri ve ağız gargaralarının farklı adeziv restoratif materyallerin yüzey pürüzlülüğü üzerine etkisi

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of prophylactic polishing protocols and mouth rinses on surface roughness of different tooth colored restoratives that were generally preferred for Class V cavities.Materials and Methods: A reinforced conventional glass ionomer, a resin modified glass ionomer, a flowable, and a nanohybrid composite were used. Forty specimens for each restorative materials were fabricated and polished and baseline surface roughness (Ra) measurements were obtained by a profilometer. Then the specimens were divided into two groups according to prophylactic polishing pro-tocols: ultrasonic scaling or ultrasonic scaling and air polishing. Following Ra measurements prophy-lactic polishing protocols groups were divided into two subgroups for two different mouth rinses im-mersion and Ra measurements were obtained afterwards. Finally the specimens were re-polished and Ra values were recorded. Results: Prophylactic polishing protocols, especially air polishing, resulted in significant increases in surface roughness (p<0.001) while mouth rinses had minimal effects (p>0.05). Re-polishing proce-dures decreased surface roughness values. Tested glass ionomers showed worse surface roughness values compared with resin composites. Conclusion: Result of this research indicated that prophylactic polishing protocols increased surface roughness values of restorative materials, especially glass ionomers.Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı profilaktik polisaj protokolleri ve ağız gargaralarının genellikle sınıf V kaviteler için tercih edilen farklı adeziv restoratif materyallerin yüzey pürüzlülüğü üzerine etkisini incelemektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Güçlendirilmiş geleneksel cam iyonomer, rezin modifiye cam iyonomer, akışkan composit ve nanohibrid kompozit kullanılmıştır. Her restoratif materyalden 40 örnek hazırlanmış, polisaj yapılmış ve profilometre ile başlangıç yüzey pürüzlülüğü ölçümleri elde edilmiştir. Örnekler daha sonra profilaktik polisaj protokollerine göre iki gruba ayrılmıştır: ultrasonic temizleme; ultrasonic temizleme ve air polishing. Ra değerlerinin elde edilmesinin ardından gruplar iki alt gru-ba ayrılmış ve farklı iki ağız gargasına maruz kalmış ve Ra değerleri elde edilmiştir. Son olarak örnekler tekrar polisajlanıp son Ra ölçümleri alınmıştır. Bulgular: Profilaktik polisaj protokolları, özellikle air polishing, yüzey pürüzlülüğünde anlamlı derecede artışa sebep olurken (p0.05). Tekrar polisajlama uygulaması yüzey pürüzlülüğünü değerlerini düşürmüştür. Kompozitlerle karşılaştırıldığında test edilen cam iyonomerler daha kötü yüzey pürüzlülüğü değerleri vermiştir. Sonuç: Bu çalışmanın sonucu profilaktik polisaj protokollerinin restoratif materyallerin özellikle cam iyonomerlerin yüzey pürüzlülüğünü artırdığını göstermiştir

Research on Possible Effects of Acrylamide and Vitamin E Administered to Pregnant Rats on Placenta Tissue

Investigate the changes that occur in the placenta tissues of pregnant rats that were administered acrylamide (AA) and vitamin E as a protective agent during pregnancy. Thirty rats that were proven positive for pregnancy with vaginal smear test were randomly distributed into control, corn oil, vitamin E, acrylamide and vitamin E + acrylamide groups. Pregnant rats were decapitated on the 20th day of the experiment. Malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), total antioxidant capacity (TAS), total oxidant capacity (TOS) and Xanthine oxidase (XO) levels were measured in placenta tissues. It was determined that acrylamide application during pregnancy statistically significantly increased MDA, TOS and XO levels and reduced GSH and TAS levels in the placenta tissue of pregnant rats when compared to all other groups, and GAS and TAS levels statistically significantly increased in vitamin E administered group when compared to all other groups and TOS and XO levels were decreased to control group levels. It was observed that orally administered AA changed the antioxidant / oxidant equilibrium favoring the oxidants by increasing MDA, XO and TOS levels in pregnant rats and caused oxidative stress, while vitamin E administration returned the antioxidant / oxidant equilibrium back to normal levels, preventing oxidative stress induced toxicity

The effect of bulk-fill flowable composites on the fracture resistance and cuspal deflection of endodontically treated premolars

WOS: 000354532700006The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of bulk-fill flowable composites on cuspal deflection and fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth. Forty-two maxillary premolars were subjected to endodontic treatment followed by the preparation of mesioocclusodistal cavities. Teeth were divided into six groups according to restorative materials as follows: Group 1: Clearfil Majesty Flow and Clearfil Majesty Posterior; Group 2: Venus Bulk Fill and Clearfil Majesty Posterior; Group 3: Clearfil Majesty Posterior; Group 4: Vertise Flow and Clearfil Majesty Posterior; Group 5: SDR and Clearfil Majesty Posterior; and Group 6: x-tra base and Clearfil Majesty Posterior. A single-step self-etch adhesive (OptiBond All-in-One) was applied to all groups, except Group 4. The cavities were restored with a centripetal incremental insertion technique and flowable composites using a 2-mm-thick base material, except for Group 3. The distance between cusp tips was measured before and after the cavity preparations, after the restorations, and after thermal cyclus with a digital micrometer. After measuring, each tooth was subjected to compressive loading with a stainless steel ball (4mm diameter) perpendicular to the occlusal surface with a crosshead speed of 1mm/min, and mean loads necessary to fracture were recorded in Newtons. The data were statistically analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis test. No statistically significant differences were found between groups in fracture strength or cuspal deflections (p>0.05). Bulk-fill flowable composite bases did not change the cuspal deflection or fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth, compared with that of a conventional flowable base and conventional resin composite

CAD/CAM single-retainer monolithic zirconia ceramic resin-bonded fixed partial dentures bonded with two different resin cements: Up to 40 months clinical results of a randomized-controlled pilot study

Purpose This pilot study was part of a larger study planned for the future which aimed to compare the clinical success of two different resin cements used in the cementation of CAD/CAM single-retainer monolithic zirconia ceramic resin-bonded fixed dentures (RBFPDs). Methods Twenty-four RBFPDs were fabricated with monolithic zirconia (Katana (TM) Zirconia HT, Kuraray Noritake Dental Inc, Tokyo, Japan). Panavia F2.0 (PF2.0; n = 12) and Panavia V5 (PV5; n = 12) were used for cementation. The survival period was defined as the time when the restoration was placed in the mouth and lasted until an irreparable damage occurred. The repairable failures were identified as relative and irreparable failures were identified as absolute failure. The survival rate of the RBFPDs was determined by the Kaplan-Meier estimator. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results The mean observation times of the PF2.0 group and the PV5 group were 40.45 +/- 6.15 months and 40.18 +/- 6.41 months, respectively. Four failures occurred in the PF2.0 group. No failure was observed in the PV5 group. The curves of survival rate (PF2.0 = 80%, PV5 = 100%) showed no statistically significant difference (p = 0.031), although success rate (PF2.0 = 66.7%, PV5 = 100%) showed statistically significant difference (p = 0.317). Conclusion Up to 40 months mean follow-up period, performance of RBFPDs bonded with PV5 was better than with PF2.0. Clinical Significance For clinicians, it is a matter of hesitation to apply single-retainer RBFPDs. This study contains results of 40 months (minimum 32, maximum 50.47 months) clinical follow-ups of single-retainer RBFPDs. These results will enlighten clinicians about the clinical success of the resin cement type for single-retainer monolithic zirconia ceramic RBFPDs