Design of a hovering sounding rocket stage for measurements in the high atmosphere

In order to perform specific measurements in the high atmosphere region, the High Atmosphere Soarer (HAS) sounding rocket upper stage is under development at the German Aerospace Center and Bayern-Chemie. This paper briefly describes the scientific mission behind as well as the HAS vehicle concept. More emphasis is dedicated to the description of the trajectory, the technology of the controllable gelled propellant rocket motor and the design of the remaining key propulsion system components

International Tourists, Motor Vehicles and Road Safety: A Review of the Literature Leading Up to the Sydney 2000 Olympics

The purpose of this paper is to: 1. Review the existing literature on international tourists and road safety in the lead up to the Sydney 2000 Olympic Games. 2. Suggest road safety issues that travel medicine practitioners should include in pretravel advice for travelers visiting Australia. 3. Identify areas where further research is needed to form the foundation for applied road safety initiatives

Timing of Mental Health Service Use After a Pediatric Firearm Injury

OBJECTIVES: To examine how timing of the first outpatient mental health (MH) visit after a pediatric firearm injury varies by sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. METHODS: We retrospectively studied children aged 5 to 17 years with a nonfatal firearm injury from 2010 to 2018 using the IBM Watson MarketScan Medicaid database. Logistic regression estimated the odds of MH service use in the 6 months after injury, adjusted for sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. Cox proportional hazard models, stratified by previous MH service use, evaluated variation in timing of the first outpatient MH visit by sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. RESULTS: After a firearm injury, 958 of 2613 (36.7%) children used MH services within 6 months; of these, 378 of 958 (39.5%) had no previous MH service use. The adjusted odds of MH service use after injury were higher among children with previous MH service use (adjusted odds ratio, 10.41; 95% confidence interval [CI], 8.45-12.82) and among non-Hispanic white compared with non-Hispanic Black children (adjusted odds ratio, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.02-1.63). The first outpatient MH visit after injury occurred sooner among children with previous MH service use (adjusted hazard ratio, 6.32; 95% CI, 5.45-7.32). For children without previous MH service use, the first MH outpatient visit occurred sooner among children with an MH diagnosis made during the injury encounter (adjusted hazard ratio, 2.72; 95% CI, 2.04-3.65). CONCLUSIONS: More than 3 in 5 children do not receive MH services after firearm injury. Previous engagement with MH services and new detection of MH diagnoses during firearm injury encounters may facilitate timelier connection to MH services after injury

Mental Healthcare Following Firearm and Motor Vehicle Related Injuries: Differences Impacting Our Treatment Strategies

OBJECTIVE: To compare new mental health diagnoses (NMHD) in children after a firearm injury versus following a motor vehicle collision (MVC). SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: A knowledge gap exists regarding childhood mental health diagnoses following firearm injuries, notably in comparison to other forms of traumatic injury. METHODS: We utilized Medicaid MarketScan claims (2010-2016) to conduct a matched case-control study of children ages 3-17 years. Children with firearm injuries were matched with up to three children with MVC injuries. Severity was determined by injury severity score (ISS) and emergency department (ED) disposition. We used multivariable logistic regression to measure the association of acquiring a NMHD diagnosis in the year post-injury after firearm and MVC mechanisms. RESULTS: We matched 1450 children with firearm injuries to 3691 children with MVC injuries. Compared to MVC injuries, children with firearm injuries were more likely to be black, have higher ISS, and receive hospital admission from the ED (P\u3c0.001). The adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of NMHD diagnosis was 1.55 [95% CI 1.33,1.80] greater after firearm injuries compared to MVC injuries. The odds of a NMHD were higher among children admitted to the hospital compared to those discharged. The increased odds of NMHD after firearm injuries was driven by increases in substance-related and addictive disorders (aOR 2.08 [95% CI 1.63, 2.64]) and trauma and stressor-related disorders (aOR 2.07 [95% CI 1.55, 2.76]). CONCLUSIONS: Children were found to have 50% increased odds of having a NMHD in the year following a firearm injury as compared to MVC. Programmatic interventions are needed to address children\u27s mental health following firearm injuries