Estimation of Percentage on Malnutrition Occurrences in East Java Using Geographically Weighted Regression Model

The Province of East Java has its own characteristics that differentiate it from any other regions. Dissimilarities in characteristics of a region may encompass issues such as social, economic, cultural, parenting, education, and the environment, so as to cause the difference in case of severe under nutrition between one region to another. Sufferers of malnutrition in one region may be linked and influenced by the surrounding regions. Therefore, we need a statistical modeling that is able to take into account the spatial factor. Statistical methods that can be used to analyze the data and also takes into account the spatial factor are the Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR). This study is aimed to determine the case of malnutrition models in East Java Province using GWR model with kernel adaptive bi-square weighting and comparing it to the conventional linear regression model.  The data used in the study are secondary data obtained from the National Socio-Economic Survey and Basic Health Research (2010) conducted in 38 districts in East Java. Estimation is done by using the Weighted Least Squares method that provides different weighting values to each region. The result showed that there are 38 models of the malnutrition case that is different for each district in East Java. The GWR model with bi-square kernel weighting function is better in modelling the case of malnutrition in East Java compared to the conventional linear regression models that are based on the criteria of goodness that is the R-square, Mean Square Error and the Akaike Information Criterion

Analisis Determinan Underweight Anak 0-23 Bulan Pada Daerah Miskin Di Jawa Tengah Dan Jawa Timur

Anak dengan umur di bawah dua tahun (baduta) merupakan salah satu kelompok anak yang rentan terkena permasalahan gizi karena dalam proses tumbuh kembang yang cepat. Oleh karena itu kebutuhan zat gizinya relatif lebih tinggi dari kelompok lain. Salah satu masalah gizi pada anak baduta adalah underweight. Underweight akan berdampak negatif terhadap pertumbuhan, perkembangan intelektual, serta dapat meningkatkan angka kesakitan dan kematian anak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis faktor determinan underweight anak usia 0-23 bulan di wilayah miskin Jawa Tengah dan Jawa Timur. Penelitian ini menggunakan data Riskesdas 2007. Sampel adalah anak usia 0-23 bulan. Status underweight diukur dengan z-score berat badan terhadap umur (BB/U). Data dianalisis menggunakan univariat, bivariat dan multivariat dengan regresi logistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 13,3 % anak mengalami underweight. Determinan underweight adalah jumlah Balita dalam keluarga, sanitasi lingkungan dan asupan giz

Analisis Determinan Stunting Anak 0-23 Bulan Pada Daerah Miskin Di Jawa Tengah Dan Jawa Timur (Determinant Analysis of Stunting Children Aged 0-23 Months in Poor Areas in Central and East Java)

The child growth at the first two years is characterized by gradual development in linear growth and the increase in weight. The linear growth that do not fit with the child age reflects stunting problem. The purpose of the study is to analyzed determinant factors of stunting children aged between 0-23 months in poor areas of Central and East Java. This study used Riskesdas 2007 data. Samples are children aged between 0-23 months. Stunting status is measured by z-score height for age (H/A). The data is analyzed using univariate, bivariate and multivariate with logistic regression. The results showed that 28.8 percent of the children are stunted. Determinant factors of stunting are child\u27s age with OR = 0.59 (0.44-0.79), sex with OR = 0.71 (0.53-0.96), urban-rural area with OR = 0.68 (0.48-0.95) and mother education level with OR = 1.56 (1.05-2.31). The result shows that samples who lives in urban area have protective effect or at 32 percent smaller risk to get stunting than those lives in rural area. Children aged between 0-12 months have protective effect or at 41 percent smaller risk to get stunting than children aged between 13-23 months. Girls have protective effect or at 29 percent smaller risk to get stunting than boys. Mother with completed educational level less than junior high school have 1.56 greater risk to have stunting children than those have higher educational level. Therefore, it is important to educate mother about food, nutrition, and health whoor both live in urban and rural, so they can apply the knowledge to their family without making any difference in carring and feeding base on child age and gender

Analisis Determinan Kelaparan

The purpose of this study was to analyze the prevalence and determinants of hunger. The study design was a cross-sectional study. The research was conducted in four areas (Bogor Municipality, Garut, Karawang, and Pandeglang Districts) during July-October 2003. A systematic stratified random sampling was applied to select 400 households consisted of 1351 individuals. The data collected include socio economic and demographic data, perception on hunger, and food expenditure. Logistic regression was applied to analyze determinants of hunger. The results showed that qualitatively, prevalence of hunger was 9.8%, and main determinant of hunger was expenditure per capita

Food and Zinc Intake, and Determinant of Zinc Status Among Pregnant Women in Leuwiliang and Cibungbulang Sub-Districts, District of Bogor

The objectives of this study were to analyze zinc status, nutrient dietary quality, zinc content, zinc intake, determinant of zinc status and implications for preventing zinc deficiency among pregnant women living in Leuwiliang and Cibungbulang sub-districts, district of Bogor. The research used base line data of 252 pregnant women from previous study entitled "Effect of Multi-nutrients Fortificated Food Supplement for Pregnant Women and Child Growth and Development in Leuwiliang and Cibungbulang". Additional data collected were local food potency, zinc content of 17 foods, and formal and nonformal local leaders opinion on future institution programs related to nutrition and health.Logistic regression was applied for determinants analysis

Kontestasi Diskursus Ketahanan Pangan dan Pembentukan Kuasa Pengetahuan Perempuan pada Keluarga Petani Sawah di Sumatera Selatan

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji diskursus ketahanan pangan antaraktor dan pembentukan kuasa pengetahuan perempuan pada keluarga petani sawah lebak di Kecamatan Pemulutan Selatan kabupaten Ogan Ilir Sumatera Selatan. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan menggunakan paradigma konstruktivistik. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat tiga aktor utama dalam diskursus ketahanan pangan yakni pemerintah, komunitas dan pelaku USAha. Masing-masing aktor berupaya mempraktikkan diskursusnya pada keluarga petani. Pada saat mempraktikkan diskursus terjadi interaksi diskursus antaraktor yang bersifat sinergis. Namun diskursus yang paling dominan dipraktikkan oleh keluarga adalah diskursus komunitas, sementara diskursus pemerintah sebagai pelengkap dan diskursus pelaku USAha sebagai pendorong. Pembentukan kuasa pengetahuan perempuan oleh para aktor bersifat elastis dan terdapat perbedaan akses dalam pembentukan kuasa pengetahuan perempuan berdasarkan perbedaan kelas sosial. This study was to examine food security discourse between actors in the farmers family and the formation of the power of women's knowledge. The method used was a qualitative method using constructivism paradigm. Research findings indicate that there were three main actors in the discourse of food security namely the government, community and business. Each attempt to practice their discourse on family farmers. It turns out that in practice this discourse, there were interaction between actors in synergy. But the most dominant discourse was discourse of community that practiced by the family while the government discourse as a supplement and entrepreneurs discourse as a spur. Formation of the power of women's knowledge by actors were flexibles/elastics and there were differences acces of formation in power of women's knowledge between women in different social classe

Pengaruh Olahraga Jalan Cepat dan Diet terhadap Tekanan Darah Penderita Prahipertensi Pria

Diet mengendalikan hipertensi orang Indonesia di Jakarta (dietary approach to stop hypertension for Indonesian at Jakarta, disingkat DASHI-J) dan olahraga jalan cepat dapat mengurangi berat badan dan menurunkan tekanan darah pada pasien prahipertensi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi diet dan olahraga tersebut dengan desain penelitian clinical trial terhadap 100 laki-laki berusia 25 – 55 tahun di PT Krama Yudha Ratu Motor. Responden dialokasikan secara acak dalam 4 kelompok perlakuan meliputi kelompok diet (A), kelompok olahraga jalan cepat (B), kelompok diet dan olahraga jalan cepat (C), dan kelompok kontrol (D). Kelompok A dan C menerima diet 5 hari dalam seminggu selama 8 minggu. Kelompok diet DASHI-J diberikan makan siang dan makan malam. Setelah 2 bulan intervensi, berat badan, indeks massa tubuh, visceral fat, body fat, lingkar Perut, tekanan darah sistolik dan diastolik, kolesterol serum dari semua kelompok menurun secara signifikan. Penurunan tertinggi terjadi pada kelompok diet DASHI-J dan olahraga jalan cepat dengan penurunan berat badan 4,18 kg, indeks massa tubuh 1,50 kg/m2, tekanan darah 12,00 mmHg/8,60 mmHg. Diet DASHI-J dan olahraga jalan cepat berperan menurunkan berat badan, indeks massa tubuh, serta tekanan darah sistolik dan diastolik.Dietary approach to stop hypertension for Indonesian at Jakarta (DASHI-J) and brisk walking exercise could reduce body weight and blood pressure of males prehypertension. The objective of the study was to evaluate DASHI-J by an experimental clinical trial conducted with 100 male subjects, aged 25 – 55 years divided randomly into 4 groups: DASHI-J diet group (A), brisk walking exercise group (B), DASHI-J and brisk walking exercise group (C), and control group (D). Group A and C got 5 days a week for 8 weeks diet. DASHI-J group was given lunch and dinner. After 2 months of intervension, the body weight, body mass index, body fat, visceral fat, waist circumference, systole, diastole, cholesterol serum of the groups all reduce significantly. The highest reduction of those intervention achieved by DASHI-J and brisk walking exercise group with body weight decreased 4.18 kg, Body Mass Index (BMI) 1.50 kg/m2, blood pressure 12.00/8.60 mmHg. This implies that DASHI-J and brisk walking exercise play a significant role in reducing body weight, BMI, and both sistolic and diastolic blood pressure