Service User Involvement in Developing Nice Guidelines: Bridging the Evidence - Experience Gap.

Abstract Not Provided

Compliance Costs and the Privacy Act 1993: Perception of Reality for Organisations in New Zealand

This article suggests the Chinese government should establish systematic legal protection for personal privacy in China. First, a brief introduction to the history of the concept of privacy in China is given. Based on the definition of privacy in the Western world, the modern concept of privacy has been absorbed by Chinese scholars and defined according to Chinese norms. During this process, the subjects and objects of the right to privacy have been chosen and the distinctions between the right to privacy, the right of reputation and the right to know have been made clear. This article considers that it is most important to recognise the right to privacy as an independent right both in the Constitution and Civil Code. Depending on the impact of the breach of privacy, liability for civil or criminal punishment should attach.  Besides these measures, a specific data protection law is also essential.&nbsp

Children’s Views on Playtime in Schools: A Systematic Literature Review

Background and aim(s)Playtime in schools has been shown to have wide-ranging benefits to children and young people. However, opportunities for playtime in schools have declined over time. It is important children’s voices are heard on matters that are important to them, yet playtime is often driven by adult policy. The aim of this systematic literature review (SLR) was to explore children’s views on playtime to further our understanding of what is important to them, and what affects their access to playtime.MethodologyThis SLR employed thematic synthesis to aggregate the views of children on playtime. This review includes 8 papers which met inclusion criteria, and this review drew out children’s views on playtime from each study.FindingsChildren’s views on playtime included both aspects that they enjoyed as well as the barriers that they perceived to enjoying and accessing their playtime. Aspects that they enjoyed included: being outdoors, social interaction and friendships, physical activity, and freedom and autonomy. Aspects that they perceived to be barriers to enjoying and accessing playtime included: social conflict, risk, weather, loss of playtime, and lack of resource and support.LimitationsMost of papers included were from either the UK or USA, with one being from Greece. This is likely to impact the representation of these findings to other countries. The studies did not include the views of older children (14+) or the views of groups that are more likely to face barriers to their play (e.g. children with special educational needs).ConclusionsFrom the studies reviewed, children identified many positive aspects of, as well as barriers to, their playtime. Implications for policy and practice include considerations about length of opportunities for playtime, as well as resources and staffing allocated to managing playtime. Further implications include challenging practice that restricts playtime. This review also highlighted a dearth in research exploring children’s views on playtime as a general concept. Directions for future research are discussed further

A review of the state of the art in tools and techniques used to evaluate remanufacturing feasibility

Remanufacturing often seems a sensible approach for companies looking to adopt sustainable business plans to achieve long term success. However, remanufacturing must not be treated as a panacea for achieving a sustainable business, as issues such as market demand, product design, end of life condition and information uncertainty can affect the success of a remanufacturing endeavour. Businesses therefore need to carefully assess the feasibility of adopting remanufacturing before committing to a particular activity or strategy. To aid this decision process, a number of tools and techniques have been published by academics. However, there is currently not a formal review and comparison of these tools and how they relate to the decision process. The main research objective of this study has therefore been to identify tools and methods which have been developed within academia to support the decision process of assessing and evaluating the viability of conducting remanufacturing, and evaluate how they have met the requirements of the decision stage. This has been achieved by conducting a content analysis. Three bibliographic databases were searched (Compendex, Web of Science and Scopus) using a structured keyword search to identify relevant literature. The identified tools were then split into 6 categories based upon the specific decision stages and applications, then evaluated against a set of key criteria which are, the decision factors (economic, environmental, social) and the inclusion of uncertainty. The key finding of this study has been that although decision factors are generally well covered, operational tools and the use of uncertainty are often neglected

Injections of hope: supporting participants in clinical trials

Understanding hope and better appreciating the personal investments of trial participants could improve patient experience and trial design, argue Emma Harding, Catherine Mummery, and colleague