An antibody raised against a pathogenic serpin variant induces mutant-like behaviour in the wild-type protein.

A monoclonal antibody (mAb) that binds to a transient intermediate may act as a catalyst for the corresponding reaction; here we show this principle can extend on a macro-molecular scale to the induction of mutant-like oligomerisation in a wild-type protein. Using the common, pathogenic Glu342Lys (Z) variant of α1-antitrypsin as antigen - whose native state is susceptible to the formation of a proto-oligomeric intermediate - we have produced a mAb (5E3) that increases the rate of oligomerisation of the wild-type (M) variant. Employing ELISA, gel shift, thermal stability and FRET time-course experiments, we show that mAb5E3 does not bind to the native state of α1-antitrypsin, but recognises a cryptic epitope in the vicinity of the post-helix A loop and strand 4C that is revealed upon transition to the polymerisation intermediate, and which persists in the ensuing oligomer. This epitope is not shared by loop-inserted monomeric conformations. We show the increased amenity to polymerisation by either the pathogenic Glu342Lys mutation or the binding of mAb5E3 occurs without affecting energetic barrier to polymerisation. As mAb5E3 also does not alter the relative stability of the monomer to intermediate, it acts in a manner similar to the Glu342Lys mutation, by facilitating the conformational interchange between these two states

Pembuatan Rute Alternatif Berbasis Web-gis untuk Menghindari Kemacetan Lalulintas di Kota Tangerang Selatan

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat basisdata dalam membuat rute alternatif menghindari kemacetan lalulintas dan membuat sistem informasi visualisasi rute berbasis Web-GIS di Kota Tangerang Selatan. Metode yang digunakan adalah eksperimental dengan analisis data kualitatif dan kuantatif. Pengelompokkan data dilakukan sesuai dengan geometri dari data spasial yakni titik, garis, dan poligon. Implementasi algoritma pencarian rute A-star dilakukan pada proses pengolahan basisdata menggunakan sistem basisdata PostgreSQL dan PostGIS untuk data spasial, sebagai parameter impedansi digunakan panjang dari tiap ruas jalan yang akan menunjukkan jarak terpendek. Pengolahan basisdata untuk analisis jaringan dan pembuatan rute alternatif memerlukan relasi antar data spasial sebagai elemen jaringan, harga dalam pertimbangan pencarian rute, dan informasi kemacetan pada ruas jalan tersebut. Algoritma A-star memiliki fungsi heuristik, dimana harga merupakan jarak sebenarnya ditambah dengan jarak perkiraan. Jarak perkiraan diperoleh dari lokasi awal dan tujuan yang dibuat sehingga hasilnya selalu lebih kecil atau mendekati jarak sebenarnya. Web-GIS menampilkan informasi sesuai basisdata spasial, navigasi peta, pencarian rute dengan kemampuan menerima lokasi awal dan tujuan dari pengguna menghindari ruas jalan yang macet

Prevalence and association of obesity with self-reported comorbidity: a cross-sectional study of 1321 adult participants in Lasbela, Balochistan

Association of fatness with chronic metabolic diseases is a well-established fact, and a high prevalence of risk factors for these disorders has increasingly been reported in the third world. In order to incorporate any preventive strategies for such risk factors into clinical practice, decision-makers require objective evidence about the associated burden of disease. A cross-sectional study of 1321 adults from one of the districts of Balochistan, among the most economically challenged areas of Pakistan, was carried out for the measures of fatness and self-reported comorbidities. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) were measured and demographic information and self-reported comorbidities were documented.The prevalence of obesity was 4.8% (95% CI: [3.8, 6.1]) and 21.7% (95% CI: [19.5, 24.0]), as defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) international and Asia/Asia-Pacific BMI cut-offs, respectively. The proportion exhibiting comorbidity increased with increasing levels of fatness in a dose-response relationship

Seleksi Berkorelasi pada Pertumbuhan Prasapih dan Pascasapih Kambing Peranakan Etawah Kelompok Ternak Margarini VI Desa Sungai Langka Kecamatan Gedong Tataan

Selection on growth pre weaning addition can improve the growth of livestock post weaningconcerned can boost growth. Post weaning growth due to selection on growth pre weaningexpressed as a correlated response to selection caused by a genetic correlation between the natureof the growth. The aim of this study to determine the genetic correlation between growth preweaning and post weaning Peranakan Etawah goats (PE) in the village Sungailangka, DistrictGedongtataan, Pesawaran District, Lampung Province. Research conducted the survey methodsand explore secondary data is a record growth of 40 breeding goats and 40 tai female kids,regardless of the delivery period, the Group Livestock Margarini VI. Data recording are used tocalculate the corrected weaning weight and the entire year. Parent group then used to calculategrowth pre weaning and post weaning parent. Records used to calculate kidd and the entire yearcorrected weaning weight, then used to calculate growth pre weaning and post weaning kids. Datagrowth pre weanig and post weaning parent and kidds is used to estimate the heritability of growthpre and post weaning. Genetic correlations between growth pre and post weaning analyzed withregression methods to parent kidds. Results of this study showed that the estimated geneticcorrelation between growth pre and post weaning of 0.9968 ± 0.0002 thus included in the categoryof high positive

Perkiraan Cakupan Luasan Pencemaran Airtanah Akibat Limbah Batik di Desa Gulurejo, Kecamatan Lendah, Kabupaten Kulon Progo

Desa Gulurejo merupakan salah satu desa yang dijadikan sebagai Kawasan Wisata Batik. Kini telah banyak bermunculan Usaha Kecil Menengah (UKM) Batik di Desa Gulurejo. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kualitas airtanah di sekitar UKM Batik serta mengetahui pengaruh pencemaran yang terjadi di airtanah akibat limbah batik terhadap air sungai terdekat. Parameter kualitas air yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi pH, COD, BOD, dan Nitrit (NO2). Nitrit digunakan sebagai parameter kunci dalam melacak adanya limbah batik di airtanah karena senyawa Nitrit digunakan pada proses pewarnaan batik ketika menggunakan zat warna jenis Indigosol.Sampel air dikumpulkan menggunakan metode quota sampling dan purposive sampling dengan mengacu pada arah aliran airtanah di daerah penelitian. Jumlah sampel yang diambil berjumlah 15 sampel. Hasil analisis laboratorium menunjukkan bahwa parameter pH, COD, BOD dan Nitrit (NO2) pada sampel airtanah masih berada di bawah baku mutu sesuai dengan PERGUB DIY Nomor 20 Tahun 2008. Sampel air sungai justru menunjukkan nilai Nitrit antara 0,588 mg/L hingga 0,651 mg/L degnan baku mutu 0,06 mg/L. Sumber nitrit dapat berasal dari limbah domestik serta limbah industri yang dekat dengan sungai

Water-pipe smoking and albuminuria: new dog with old tricks

Water-pipe (WP) smoking is on rise worldwide for the past few years, particularly among younger individuals. Growing evidence indicates that WP smoking is as harmful as cigarette smoking. To date, most of the research has focused on acute health effects of WP smoking, and evidence remains limited when it comes to chronic health effects in relation to long-term WP smoking. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the association between WP smoking and albuminuria in apparently healthy individuals. This analysis was conducted on data of a population-based cross-sectional study—the Urban Rural Chronic Diseases Study (URCDS). The study sample was recruited from three sites in Pakistan. Trained nurses carried out individual interviews and obtained the information on demographics, lifestyle factors, and past and current medical history. Measurements of complete blood count, lipid profile, fasting glucose level, and 24-hour albuminuria were also made by using blood and urine samples. Albumin excretion was classified into three categories using standard cut-offs: normal excretion, high-normal excretion and microalbuminuria. Multiple logistic regression models were used to examine the relationship between WP smoking and albuminuria. The final analysis included data from 1,626 health individuals, of which 829 (51.0%) were males and 797 (49.0%) females. Of 1,626 individuals, 267 (16.4%) were current WP smokers and 1,359 (83.6%) were non-WP smokers. WP smoking was significantly associated with high-normal albuminuria (OR = 2.33, 95% CI 1.68-3.22, p-value <0.001) and microalbuminuria (OR = 1.75, 95% CI 1.18-2.58, p-value 0.005) after adjustment for age, sex, BMI, social class, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. WP smoking was significantly associated with high-normal albuminuria and microalbuminuria when analysis was stratified on hypertension and diabetes mellitus categories. WP smoking has a strong association with albuminuria in apparently healthy individuals. More research is warranted to evaluate the temporality of this association between WP smoking and albuminuria

Sistem Tracking Panel Surya untuk Pengoptimalan Daya Menggunakan Metode Kendali Logika Fuzzy

Salah satu jenis energi alternatif yang berkembang pesat dan banyak digunakan adalah energi matahari yang digunakan sebagai pembangkit listrik, dalam bentuk panel surya. Dalam rangka mengoptimalkan penggunaan panel surya tersebut, diperlukan sebuah sistem pengendali yang dapat mengontrol posisi panel surya agar selalu mengikuti arah dan posisi dari matahari secara otomatis. Sistem yang digunakan untuk pengaturan tersebut dinamakan sistem tracking matahari dengan dua derajat kebebasan. Sistem ini bekerja menggunakan Perubahan daya yang terbaca oleh panel surya. Kelebihan dari sistem ini dapat mengikuti posisi matahari. Dalam sistem ini digunakan perbandingan daya yang terbaca oleh sistem dan mencari yang paling optimal diantara daya tersebut. Berdasarkan perbedaan daya yang diterima, Kendali Logika Fuzzy akan menggerakkan motor servo untuk melakukan aksi kendali terhadap posisi panel surya supaya selalu tegak lurus terhadap posisi matahari. Perbandingan respon unjuk kerja antara sistem yang tanpa menggunakan kontroler fuzzy yaitu tegangan =15,40 V, arus = 0,46 A, dan daya = 7.17 W , sedangkan untuk sistem yang menggunakan kontroler fuzzy 2 DOF (Degree Of Freedom) menghasilkan tegangan = 15,54 V, arus = 0,51 A, dan daya = 7.94 W. Sistem yang dibuat sudah mengikuti matahari untuk mencapai daya yang maksimal