Hydrogel‐Enabled Transfer‐Printing of Conducting Polymer Films for Soft Organic Bioelectronics

The use of conducting polymers such as poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) for the development of soft organic bioelectronic devices, such as organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs), is rapidly increasing. However, directly manipulating conducting polymer thin films on soft substrates remains challenging, which hinders the development of conformable organic bioelectronic devices. A facile transfer‐printing of conducting polymer thin films from conventional rigid substrates to flexible substrates offers an alternative solution. In this work, it is reported that PEDOT:PSS thin films on glass substrates, once mixed with surfactants, can be delaminated with hydrogels and thereafter be transferred to soft substrates without any further treatments. The proposed method allows easy, fast, and reliable transferring of patterned PEDOT:PSS thin films from glass substrates onto various soft substrates, facilitating their application in soft organic bioelectronics. By taking advantage of this method, skin‐attachable tattoo‐OECTs are demonstrated, relevant for conformable, imperceptible, and wearable organic biosensing.The use of hydrogels enables transfer‐printing of poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate thin films from glass substrates onto various soft substrates. Taking advantage of this technique, skin‐attachable organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) are fabricated on commercially available tattoo paper. Wearable tattoo‐OECTs are further demonstrated with the integration of a wireless readout system.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/154307/1/adfm201906016.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/154307/2/adfm201906016_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/154307/3/adfm201906016-sup-0001-SuppMat.pd

Application Research on Liner Tube without Variable Diameter of Shale Gas Plunger Gas Lift Wellhead

Given that there is variable diameter in the shale gas plunger gas lift wellhead, which causes that the plunger cannot run up and down the gas well wellhead, affects the effect of plunger drainage gas production, the paper carries out research on liner tube without variable diameter of the shale gas plunger gas lift wellhead and installation methods, makes the diameter of the gas well wellhead consistent with that of the oil pipe, ensure that the plunger can be open up and down the wellhead of the Christmas tree, facilitate the periodic inspection and replacement operation of the plunger, and reduces the cost of plunger salvage operations. The successful application of the process plan in the shale gas well ** has achieved good drainage gas production effect, truly solved the variable diameter problem of shale gas plunger gas lift wellhead, and achieved the goal of once and for all

Microphysical and Polarimetric Radar Signatures of an Epic Flood Event in Southern China

An extremely heavy rainfall event hit Guangdong province, China, from 27 August to 1 September 2018. There were two different extreme rain regions, respectively, at the Pearl River estuary and eastern Guangdong, and a record-breaking daily precipitation of 1056.7 mm was observed at Gaotan station on 30 August. This paper utilizes a suite of observations from soundings, a gauge network, disdrometers, and polarimetric radars to gain insights to the two rainfall centers. The large-scale meteorological forcing, rainfall patterns, and microphysical processes, as well as radar-based precipitation signatures are investigated. It is concluded that a west-moving monsoon depression played a critical role in sustaining the moisture supply to the two extreme rain regions, and the combined orographic enhancement further contributed to the torrential rainfall over Gaotan station. The raindrop size distributions (DSD) observed at Zhuhai and Huidong stations, as well as the observed polarimetric radar signatures indicate that the rainfall at Doumen region was characterized by larger raindrops but a lower number concentration compared with that at Gaotan region. In addition, the dual-polarization radars are used to quantify precipitation intensity during this extreme event, providing timely information for flood warning and emergency management decision-making

Discovery of novel thiosemicarbazone derivatives with potent and selective anti-Candida glabrata activity

AbstractA series of 21 novel compounds containing a thiosemicarbazone moiety were designed and synthesised based on hit compound 1 from our in-house compound library screening. Most compounds showed potent antifungal activity in vitro against seven common pathogenic fungi. Notably, all compounds showed high potency against Candida glabrata 537 (MIC = ≤0.0156-2 µg/mL). Of note, compounds 5j and 5r displayed excellent antifungal activity against Candida krusei 4946 and Candida auris 922. Additionally, compounds 5j and 5r also showed high potency against 15 C. glabrata isolates with MIC values ranging from 0.0625 µg/mL to 4 µg/mL, with compound 5r being slightly superior to 5j. Moreover, compound 5r has certain effect against biofilm formation of C. glabrata. Furthermore, compound 5r has minimal cytotoxicity against HUVECs with an IC50 value of 15.89 µg/mL and no haemolysis at 64 µg/mL. Taken together, these results suggest that promising lead compound 5r deserves further investigation

Data_Sheet_1_Comparing the efficacy of different antibiotic regimens on osteomyelitis: A network meta-analysis of animal studies.pdf

BackgroundDespite the surge in the number of antibiotics used to treat preclinical osteomyelitis (OM), their efficacy remains inadequately assessed.ObjectiveTo establish network comparisons on the efficacy of antibiotic regimens on OM in animal studies.MethodsPubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and The Cochrane Library were searched from inception to March 2022 for relevant articles. Odds ratios (ORs) were generated for dichotomous variants, and the standard mean difference (SMD) was calculated for constant variables. The predominant outcomes were the effective rate of sterility, also known as sterility rates, as well as the bacterial counts at the end of the experiments and antibiotic concentrations in serum or bone. All the network meta-analyses were performed using STATA MP 16.0. This study was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO; no. CRD42022316544).ResultsA total of 28 eligible studies with 1,488 animals were included for data analysis, including 13 antibiotic regimens. Regarding the effective rate of sterility, glycopeptides (GLY), linezolid (LIN), rifampicin (RIF)+β-Lactam, and β-Lactam showed significant efficacy compared with placebo (OR ranging from 0.01 to 0.08). For radiological grade, only RIF+GLY (SMD: −5.92, 95%CI: −11.65 to −0.19) showed significant efficacy compared with placebo. As for reducing bacteria count, fosfomycin (FOS), tigecycline (TIG), GLY, LIN, RIF, RIF+β-Lactam, RIF+GLY, aminoglycosides (AMI), and clindamycin (CLI) showed significant efficacy compared with placebo (SMD ranging from −6.32 to −2.62). Moreover, the bone concentrations of GLY were higher 1 h after administration and the higher blood concentrations were higher after 1 h and 4 h compared with the other antibiotics.ConclusionMultiple antibiotic regimens showed significant efficacy in animals with OM, including increasing effective rates of sterility, reducing bacterial counts, and lowering radiological scores. Among them, RIF+GLY was the most promising treatment regimen owing to its optimal efficacy. Based on the preclinical studies included in our meta-analysis, head-to-head clinical randomized controlled trials are required to confirm these findings in humans.</p

How topography and neighbor shape the fate of trees in subtropical forest restoration: Environmental filtering and resource competition drive natural regeneration

The structure of plant communities at local scales depends on both the spatial heterogeneity of abiotic environmental factors and the biotic interactions within the community. However, although environmental filtering due to microtopographic heterogeneity and resource competition among plants caused by spatial variation in tree density and size are considered to be very important in explaining the mechanisms of community assembly, their effects on the processes of individual mortality and recruitment in natural forest regeneration, as well as their relative contributions, are still poorly understood. To address this, we established a 12-ha permanent plot in a subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest area and measured microtopographic variables such as elevation, slope, aspect, and terrain position index (TPI) using a total station. We monitored the individual mortality and recruitment in forest natural regeneration through repeated surveys at 5-year intervals. We fitted spatial covariance models to jointly use multiple factors from three groups of variables (microtopographic effect, neighborhood density effects, neighborhood size effects) as explanatory variables to analyze their roles in driving the mortality and recruitment of all individual and 12 dominant species in forest natural regeneration at the neighborhood scale. Our results show that: (1) In the crucial early stages of secondary forest restoration, natural regeneration is influenced by a synergy of environmental filtering, due to microtopographic heterogeneity, and resource competition among plants. (2) For distinct species responses, evergreen dominant species’ mortality is largely explained by neighborhood effects, while deciduous species are more affected by topographic factors. Furthermore, the adverse effects of larger conspecific trees on younger trees indicate a pattern of competitive pressure leading to mortality among regenerating trees, such pattern emphasis the influence of parent trees on natural regeneration. (3) As trees grow, their interaction with these stressors evolves, suggesting a shift in their resource acquisition strategies and response to neighborhood effects and environmental factors. Despite these changes, the relative importance of topographic factors in determining survival and recruitment success remains constant. This research highlights the importance of considering both environmental and neighborhood effects in forest management, particularly in early secondary forest restoration

DataSheet1_Diagnostic signature, subtype classification, and immune infiltration of key m6A regulators in osteomyelitis patients.ZIP

Background: As a recurrent inflammatory bone disease, the treatment of osteomyelitis is always a tricky problem in orthopaedics. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) regulators play significant roles in immune and inflammatory responses. Nevertheless, the function of m6A modification in osteomyelitis remains unclear.Methods: Based on the key m6A regulators selected by the GSE16129 dataset, a nomogram model was established to predict the incidence of osteomyelitis by using the random forest (RF) method. Through unsupervised clustering, osteomyelitis patients were divided into two m6A subtypes, and the immune infiltration of these subtypes was further evaluated. Validating the accuracy of the diagnostic model for osteomyelitis and the consistency of clustering based on the GSE30119 dataset.Results: 3 writers of Methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3), RNA-binding motif protein 15B (RBM15B) and Casitas B-lineage proto-oncogene like 1 (CBLL1) and three readers of YT521-B homology domain-containing protein 1 (YTHDC1), YT521-B homology domain-containing family 3 (YTHDF2) and Leucine-rich PPR motif-containing protein (LRPPRC) were identified by difference analysis, and their Mean Decrease Gini (MDG) scores were all greater than 10. Based on these 6 significant m6A regulators, a nomogram model was developed to predict the incidence of osteomyelitis, and the fitting curve indicated a high degree of fit in both the test and validation groups. Two m6A subtypes (cluster A and cluster B) were identified by the unsupervised clustering method, and there were significant differences in m6A scores and the abundance of immune infiltration between the two m6A subtypes. Among them, two m6A regulators (METTL3 and LRPPRC) were closely related to immune infiltration in patients with osteomyelitis.Conclusion: m6A regulators play key roles in the molecular subtypes and immune response of osteomyelitis, which may provide assistance for personalized immunotherapy in patients with osteomyelitis.</p

Mechanical properties evaluation of metacarpophalangeal joint prosthesis with new titanium-nickel memory alloy: a cadaver study

Abstract Objective Ni-Ti memory alloys are unusual materials for hard-tissue replacement because of their unique superelasticity, good biocompatibility, high strength, low specific gravity, low magnetism, wear resistance, corrosion resistance and fatigue resistance. The current study aims to evaluate its mechanical properties and provide biomechanical basis for the clinical application of the prosthesis. Methods Ten adult metacarpophalangeal joint specimens were randomly divided into a prosthesis group (n = 5, underwent metacarpophalangeal joint prosthesis) and a control group (n = 5, underwent sham operation). Firstly, the axial compression strength was tested with BOSE material testing machine to evaluate its biomechanical strength. Secondly, these specimens were tested for strain changes using BOSE material testing machine and GOM non-contact optical strain measurement system to evaluate the stress changes. Thirdly, fatigue test was performed between groups. Lastly, the mechanical wear of the metacarpophalangeal joint prosthesis was tested with ETK5510 material testing machine to study its mechanical properties. Results Axial compression stiffness in the prosthesis group was greater than that in the control group in terms of 30 ° and 60 ° flexion positions (P  0.05). In the fatigue wear test, the mean mass loss in the prosthesis group’s prosthesis was 17.2 mg and 17.619 mm3, respectively. The mean volume wear rate was 0.12%. There was no statistically significant difference in the maximum pull-out force of the metacarpal, phalangeal, and polymer polyethylene pads between the prosthesis group and the control group specimens. Conclusions Ni-Ti memory alloy metacarpophalangeal joint prosthesis conforms to the biomechanical characteristics of metacarpophalangeal joints without implants, and the fatigue strength can fully meet the needs of metacarpophalangeal joint activities after joint replacement