A Preliminary Discussion of the Kinematics of BHB and RR Lyrae Stars near the North Galactic Pole

The radial velocity dispersion of 67 RR Lyrae variable and blue horizontal branch (BHB) stars that are more than 4 kpc above the galactic plane at the North Galactic Pole is 110 km/sec and shows no trend with Z (the height above the galactic plane). Nine stars with Z < 4 kpc show a smaller velocity dispersion (40 +/-9 km/sec) as is to be expected if they mostly belong to a population with a flatter distribution. Both RR Lyrae stars and BHB stars show evidence of stream motion; the most significant is in fields RR2 and RR3 where 24 stars in the range 4.0 < Z < 11.0 kpc have a mean radial velocity of -59 +/- 16 km/sec. Three halo stars in field RR 2 appear to be part of a moving group with a common radial velocity of -90 km/sec. The streaming phenomenon therefore occurs over a range of spatial scales. The BHB and RR Lyrae stars in our sample both have a similar range of metallicity (-1.2 < [Fe/H] < -2.2). Proper motions of BHB stars in fields SA 57 (NGP) and the Anticenter field (RR 7) (both of which lie close to the meridional plane of the Galaxy) show that the stars that have Z 4 kpc have a Galactic V motion that is < -200 km/sec and which is characteristic of the halo. Thus the stars that have a flatter distribution are really halo stars and not members of the metal-weak thick-disk.Comment: Accepted for publication in the March 1996 AJ. 15 pages, AASTeX V4.0 latex format (including figures), 2 eps figures, 2 separate AASTeX V4.0 latex table

Exploring Agricultural Production Systems and Their Fundamental Components with System Dynamics Modelling

Agricultural production in the United States is undergoing marked changes due to rapid shifts in consumer demands, input costs, and concerns for food safety and environmental impact. Agricultural production systems are comprised of multidimensional components and drivers that interact in complex ways to influence production sustainability. In a mixed-methods approach, we combine qualitative and quantitative data to develop and simulate a system dynamics model that explores the systemic interaction of these drivers on the economic, environmental and social sustainability of agricultural production. We then use this model to evaluate the role of each driver in determining the differences in sustainability between three distinct production systems: crops only, livestock only, and an integrated crops and livestock system. The result from these modelling efforts found that the greatest potential for sustainability existed with the crops only production system. While this study presents a stand-alone contribution to sector knowledge and practice, it encourages future research in this sector that employs similar systems-based methods to enable more sustainable practices and policies within agricultural production

Insights into the Electronic Structure of CuII Bound to an Imidazole Analogue of Westiellamide.

Three synthetic analogues of westiallamide, HL, have previously been synthesized (HL) that have a common backbone (derived from l-valine) with HL but differ in their heterocyclic rings (imidazole, oxazole, thiazole, and oxazoline). Herein we explore in detail through high-resolution pulsed electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) spectroscopy in conjunction with density functional theory (DFT) the geometric and electronic structures of the mono- and dinuclear Cu complexes of these cyclic pseudo hexapeptides. Orientation-selective hyperfine sublevel correlation, electron nuclear double resonance, and three-pulse electron spin echo envelope modulation spectroscopy of [Cu(HL)(MeOH)] reveal delocalization of the unpaired electron spin onto the ligating and distal nitrogens of the coordinated heterocyclic rings and that they are magnetically inequivalent. DFT calculations confirm this and show similar spin densities on the distal heteroatoms in the heterocyclic rings coordinated to the Cu ion in the other cyclic pseudo hexapeptide [Cu(HL)(MeOH)] complexes. The magnetic inequivalencies in [Cu(HL)(MeOH)] arise from different orientations of the heterocyclic rings coordinated to the Cu ion, and the delocalization of the unpaired electron onto the distal heteroatoms within these N-methylimidazole rings depends upon their location with respect to the Cu dx-y orbital. A systematic study of DFT functionals and basis sets was undertaken to examine the ability to reproduce the experimentally determined spin Hamiltonian parameters. Inclusion of spin-orbit coupling (SOC) using MAG-ReSpect or ORCA with a BHLYP/IGLO-II Wachters setup with SOC corrections and ∼38% Hartree-Fock exchange gave the best predictions of the g and A(Cu) matrices. DFT calculations of the N hyperfine and quadrupole parameters for the distal nitrogens of the coordinated heterocyclic rings in [Cu(HL)(MeOH)] with the B1LYP functional and the SVP basis set were in excellent agreement with the experimental data, though other choices of functional and basis set also provided reasonable values. MCD, EPR, mass spectrometry, and DFT showed that preparation of the dinuclear Cu complex in a 1:1 MeOH/glycerol mixture (necessary for MCD) resulted in the exchange of the bridging methoxide ligand for glycerol with a corresponding decrease in the magnitude of the exchange coupling

Lateralization of Word Discrimination Following Left or Right Stroke

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The Evolution of Chronic Aphasia

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Broca's Aphasia: Comparison to Metabolically Matched Aphasic Subjects

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Brain Glucose Metabolism in Aphasia: A Model of the Interrelationship of Frontal Lobe Regions on Fluency

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Positron emission tomography

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Conduction Aphasia: Subgroups Based on Behavior, Anatomy, and Physiology

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Commonality and differences in aphasia: Evidence from BDAE and PICA

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