58,035 research outputs found
Relativistic, model-independent, multichannel transition amplitudes in a finite volume
We derive formalism for determining
infinite-volume transition amplitudes from finite-volume matrix elements.
Specifically, we present a relativistic, model-independent relation between
finite-volume matrix elements of external currents and the physically
observable infinite-volume matrix elements involving two-particle asymptotic
states. The result presented holds for states composed of two scalar bosons.
These can be identical or non-identical and, in the latter case, can be either
degenerate or non-degenerate. We further accommodate any number of
strongly-coupled two-scalar channels. This formalism will, for example, allow
future lattice QCD calculations of the -meson form factor, in which the
unstable nature of the is rigorously accommodated.Comment: 35 pages, 11 figure
Rhodobacter veldkampii, a new species of phototrophic purple nonsulfur bacteria
We describe a new species of purple nonsulfur bacteria, which has the ability to grow under photoautotrophic growth conditions with sulfide as an electron donor and shows the characteristic properties of Rhodobacter species (i.e., ovoid to rod-shaped cells, vesicular internal photosynthetic membranes, bacteriochlorophyll a and carotenoids of the spheroidene series as photosynthetic pigments). In its physiological properties this new species is particularly similar to the recently described species Rhodobacter adriaticus, but it shows enough differences compared with R. adriaticus and the other Rhodobacter species to be recognized as a separate species. In honor of Hans Veldkamp, a Dutch microbiologist, the name Rhodobacter veldkampii sp. nov. is proposed
Lattice model for cold and warm swelling of polymers in water
We define a lattice model for the interaction of a polymer with water. We
solve the model in a suitable approximation. In the case of a non-polar
homopolymer, for reasonable values of the parameters, the polymer is found in a
non-compact conformation at low temperature; as the temperature grows, there is
a sharp transition towards a compact state, then, at higher temperatures, the
polymer swells again. This behaviour closely reminds that of proteins, that are
unfolded at both low and high temperatures.Comment: REVTeX, 5 pages, 2 EPS figure
Eighth-order phase-field-crystal model for two-dimensional crystallization
We present a derivation of the recently proposed eighth order phase field
crystal model [Jaatinen et al., Phys. Rev. E 80, 031602 (2009)] for the
crystallization of a solid from an undercooled melt. The model is used to study
the planar growth of a two dimensional hexagonal crystal, and the results are
compared against similar results from dynamical density functional theory of
Marconi and Tarazona, as well as other phase field crystal models. We find that
among the phase field crystal models studied, the eighth order fitting scheme
gives results in good agreement with the density functional theory for both
static and dynamic properties, suggesting it is an accurate and computationally
efficient approximation to the density functional theory
Progress in three-particle scattering from LQCD
We present the status of our formalism for extracting three-particle
scattering observables from lattice QCD (LQCD). The method relies on relating
the discrete finite-volume spectrum of a quantum field theory with its
scattering amplitudes. As the finite-volume spectrum can be directly determined
in LQCD, this provides a method for determining scattering observables, and
associated resonance properties, from the underlying theory. In a pair of
papers published over the last two years, two of us have extended this approach
to apply to relativistic three-particle scattering states. In this talk we
summarize recent progress in checking and further extending this result. We
describe an extension of the formalism to include systems in which two-to-three
transitions can occur. We then present a check of the previously published
formalism, in which we reproduce the known finite-volume energy shift of a
three-particle bound state.Comment: 9 pages, 3 figures, proceedings for XIIth Quark Confinement and the
Hadron Spectrum (CONF12
Three-particle systems with resonant subprocesses in a finite volume
In previous work, we have developed a relativistic, model-independent
three-particle quantization condition, but only under the assumption that no
poles are present in the two-particle K matrices that appear as scattering
subprocesses. Here we lift this restriction, by deriving the quantization
condition for identical scalar particles with a G-parity symmetry, in the case
that the two-particle K matrix has a pole in the kinematic regime of interest.
As in earlier work, our result involves intermediate infinite-volume quantities
with no direct physical interpretation, and we show how these are related to
the physical three-to-three scattering amplitude by integral equations. This
work opens the door to study processes such as , in which the is rigorously treated as a resonance state.Comment: 46 pages, 9 figures, JLAB-THY-18-2819, CERN-TH-2018-21
Numerical Modeling of Pulse Wave Propagation in a Stenosed Artery using Two-Way Coupled Fluid Structure Interaction (FSI)
As the heart beats, it creates fluctuation in blood pressure leading to a
pulse wave that propagates by displacing the arterial wall. These waves travel
through the arterial tree and carry information about the medium that they
propagate through as well as information of the geometry of the arterial tree.
Pulse wave velocity (PWV) can be used as a non-invasive diagnostic tool to
study the functioning of cardiovascular system. A stenosis in an artery can
dampen the pulse wave leading to changes in the propagating pulse. Hence, PWV
analysis can be performed to detect a stenosed region in arteries. This paper
presents a numerical study of pulse wave propagation in a stenosed artery by
means of two-way coupled fluid structure interaction (FSI). The computational
model was validated by the comparison of the simulated PWV results with
theoretical values for a healthy artery. Propagation of the pulse waves in the
stenosed artery was compared with healthy case using spatiotemporal maps of
wall displacements. The analysis for PWV showed significance differences
between the healthy and stenosed arteries including damping of propagating
waves and generation of high wall displacements downstream the stenosis caused
by flow instabilities. This approach can be used to develop patient-specific
models that are capable of predicting PWV signatures associated with stenosis
changes. The knowledge gained from these models may increase utility of this
approach for managing patients at risk of stenosis occurrence
Numerical study of the relativistic three-body quantization condition in the isotropic approximation
We present numerical results showing how our recently proposed relativistic
three-particle quantization condition can be used in practice. Using the
isotropic (generalized -wave) approximation, and keeping only the leading
terms in the effective range expansion, we show how the quantization condition
can be solved numerically in a straightforward manner. In addition, we show how
the integral equations that relate the intermediate three-particle
infinite-volume scattering quantity, , to the
physical scattering amplitude can be solved at and below threshold. We test our
methods by reproducing known analytic results for the expansion of the
threshold state, the volume dependence of three-particle bound-state energies,
and the Bethe-Salpeter wavefunctions for these bound states. We also find that
certain values of lead to unphysical finite-volume
energies, and give a preliminary analysis of these artifacts.Comment: 32 pages, 21 figures, JLAB-THY-18-2657, CERN-TH-2018-046; version 2:
corrected typos, updated references, minor stylistic changes---consistent
with published versio
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