Effect of annealing treatments on the anisotropy of a magnesium alloy sheet processed by severe rolling

The effect of annealing treatments on the normal plastic anisotropy (r-value) of a magnesium alloy, AZ61, processed by severe rolling was investigated. The various annealing treatments produce two effects on microstructure: grain coarsening and slight weakening of the texture. In addition, these treatments produce a noticeable decrease of the anisotropy that was correlated with an increase in strain rate sensitivity and a decrease of work hardening rate. It is concluded that an enhanced contribution of basal slip occurs as a consequence of the annealing treatments.The authors acknowledge the financial support from the CICYT grant MAT 2006-02672 awarded by the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science.Peer reviewe

Superstructure compression in binary compounds of AB and А3В compositions

The paper focuses on the formation of metallic compounds depending on the relation between several atom parameters among which is the size factor. The analysis of the binary compounds of intermetallic alloys with the simple stoichiometric compounds of АВ and А3В is presented in this paper. The block diagrams are plotted for various structures depending on th [delta] [omega]/[omega] size factor. Close-packed lattice structures are investigated herein

Advantages and disadvantages of advertising and promotion in the internet

Nowadays, advertising plays an important role in the promotion and advancement of any brand, product or service. Advertising influences on the image and style of life. Internet is a tool which is used for creation of advertising. It represents an ideal opportunity for the development of communication with consumers in an electronic environment. Online advertising is used by companies worldwide for promotion their products and services. Features, advantages and disadvantages of the Internet - advertising will be covered in this article.На сегодняшний день, реклама играет важную роль в раскрутке и продвижении любого бренда, товара и услуги. Реклама оказывает влияние на образ и стиль жизни человека, диктует определенные модели поведения в обществе. Интернет - это инструмент, используемый при создании рекламы. Он представляет собой идеальную возможность для развития коммуникации с потребителями в электронной среде. Интернет-рекламу для продвижения своих товаров и услуг используют компании по всему миру. Особенности, преимущества и недостатки интернет - рекламы будут освещены в данной статье

Исследование влияния технологических параметров процесса селективного лазерного сплавления на макроструктуру образцов из титановых сплавов

Установлены режимы селективного лазерного сплавления, которые обеспечивают наименьшее количество макродефектов в образцах размером 5х5 мм, полученных сплавлением порошка титана ВТ1-0 и композиционного порошка TiC-Al. Установленные режимы селективного лазерного сплавления используются в рамках выполнения НИР "Исследование влияния технологических параметров процесса селективного лазерного сплавления на макроструктуру образцов из титановых сплавов", выполняемой в Научно-производственной лаборатории "Современные производственные технологии" НИ ТПУ.Modes of selective laser fusion are established, which provide the smallest number of macrodefects in samples 5 ? 5 mm in size obtained by fusion of VT1-0 titanium powder and TiC-Al composite powder. The established regimes of selective laser fusion are used as part of the R&D "Study of the influence of technological parameters of the selective laser fusion process on the macrostructure of samples made of titanium alloys", performed at the Scientific and Production Laboratory "Modern Production Technologies" of TPU

Estimated pulse wave velocity improves risk stratification for all-cause mortality in patients with COVID-19

Accurate risk stratification in COVID-19 patients consists a major clinical need to guide therapeutic strategies. We sought to evaluate the prognostic role of estimated pulse wave velocity (ePWV), a marker of arterial stiffness which reflects overall arterial integrity and aging, in risk stratification of hospitalized patients with COVID-19. This retrospective, longitudinal cohort study, analyzed a total population of 1671 subjects consisting of 737 hospitalized COVID-19 patients consecutively recruited from two tertiary centers (Newcastle cohort: n = 471 and Pisa cohort: n = 266) and a non-COVID control cohort (n = 934). Arterial stiffness was calculated using validated formulae for ePWV. ePWV progressively increased across the control group, COVID-19 survivors and deceased patients (adjusted mean increase per group 1.89 m/s, P < 0.001). Using a machine learning approach, ePWV provided incremental prognostic value and improved reclassification for mortality over the core model including age, sex and comorbidities [AUC (core model + ePWV vs. core model) = 0.864 vs. 0.755]. ePWV provided similar prognostic value when pulse pressure or hs-Troponin were added to the core model or over its components including age and mean blood pressure (p < 0.05 for all). The optimal prognostic ePWV value was 13.0 m/s. ePWV conferred additive discrimination (AUC: 0.817 versus 0.779, P < 0.001) and reclassification value (NRI = 0.381, P < 0.001) over the 4C Mortality score, a validated score for predicting mortality in COVID-19 and the Charlson comorbidity index. We suggest that calculation of ePWV, a readily applicable estimation of arterial stiffness, may serve as an additional clinical tool to refine risk stratification of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 beyond established risk factors and scores

COVID-19-associated hyperinflammation and escalation of patient care: a retrospective longitudinal cohort study

Background: A subset of patients with severe COVID-19 develop a hyperinflammatory syndrome, which might contribute to morbidity and mortality. This study explores a specific phenotype of COVID-19-associated hyperinflammation (COV-HI), and its associations with escalation of respiratory support and survival. / Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, we enrolled consecutive inpatients (aged ≥18 years) admitted to University College London Hospitals and Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals in the UK with PCR-confirmed COVID-19 during the first wave of community-acquired infection. Demographic data, laboratory tests, and clinical status were recorded from the day of admission until death or discharge, with a minimum follow-up time of 28 days. We defined COV-HI as a C-reactive protein concentration greater than 150 mg/L or doubling within 24 h from greater than 50 mg/L, or a ferritin concentration greater than 1500 μg/L. Respiratory support was categorised as oxygen only, non-invasive ventilation, and intubation. Initial and repeated measures of hyperinflammation were evaluated in relation to the next-day risk of death or need for escalation of respiratory support (as a combined endpoint), using a multi-level logistic regression model. / Findings: We included 269 patients admitted to one of the study hospitals between March 1 and March 31, 2020, among whom 178 (66%) were eligible for escalation of respiratory support and 91 (34%) patients were not eligible. Of the whole cohort, 90 (33%) patients met the COV-HI criteria at admission. Despite having a younger median age and lower median Charlson Comorbidity Index scores, a higher proportion of patients with COV-HI on admission died during follow-up (36 [40%] of 90 patients) compared with the patients without COV-HI on admission (46 [26%] of 179). Among the 178 patients who were eligible for full respiratory support, 65 (37%) met the definition for COV-HI at admission, and 67 (74%) of the 90 patients whose respiratory care was escalated met the criteria by the day of escalation. Meeting the COV-HI criteria was significantly associated with the risk of next-day escalation of respiratory support or death (hazard ratio 2·24 [95% CI 1·62–2·87]) after adjustment for age, sex, and comorbidity. / Interpretation: Associations between elevated inflammatory markers, escalation of respiratory support, and survival in people with COVID-19 indicate the existence of a high-risk inflammatory phenotype. COV-HI might be useful to stratify patient groups in trial design. / Funding: None