Einsatz von Instrumenten bei der klinischen Untersuchung in deutschen HNO-Abteilungen und Privatpraxen heutzutage

Background: The classical forehead reflector as traditionally used by ear, nose, and throat (ENT) physicians for the ENT examination is now iconic for doctors in general. It is unknown which instruments are currently used in Germany to clinically examine ENT patients. Therefore, this study aims to present results of a survey about commonly used instruments. Materials and methods: An evaluation of 321 questionnaires from ENT doctors working in general and university hospitals (172) and in private practices (149) was performed. Results: The ENT mirror examination is nowadays carried out with a self-illuminating headlamp with battery and/or light guide cable. Approximately 20% of respondents also use a forehead mirror. The microscope is used by 90% of doctors to examine the ears; a rigid endoscope was used in 53.3% to examine the larynx, epipharynx (41.1%), and the nose/sinuses (34.6%). Flexible endoscopes and otoscopes are used only rarely. Conclusion: The self-illuminating headlamp, which is more often wireless in eastern Germany, has largely replaced the classical forehead reflector, with which doctors younger than 40 years were no longer trained. At least some organs are also examined very regularly with the microscope or rigid endoscope. The flexible endoscope and otoscope are used much less frequently overall, mainly by younger physicians and ENT doctors working in hospitals. The diagnostic potential of flexible endoscopy may be compromised by the outpatient remuneration structures in Germany

Exclusive ρ0 meson photoproduction with a leading neutron at HERA: H1 Collaboration

A first measurement is presented of exclusive photoproduction of ρ0 mesons associated with leading neutrons at HERA. The data were taken with the H1 detector in the years 2006 and 2007 at a centre-of-mass energy of √s=319 GeV and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 1.16 pb-1. The ρ0 mesons with transverse momenta (Formula presented.) GeV are reconstructed from their decays to charged pions, while leading neutrons carrying a large fraction of the incoming proton momentum, (Formula presented.), are detected in the Forward Neutron Calorimeter. The phase space of the measurement is defined by the photon virtuality (Formula presented.), the total energy of the photon–proton system (Formula presented.) GeV and the polar angle of the leading neutron (Formula presented.)0.75 mrad. The cross section of the reaction (Formula presented.) is measured as a function of several variables. The data are interpreted in terms of a double peripheral process, involving pion exchange at the proton vertex followed by elastic photoproduction of a ρ0 meson on the virtual pion. In the framework of one-pion-exchange dominance the elastic cross section of photon-pion scattering, (Formula presented.), is extracted. The value of this cross section indicates significant absorptive corrections for the exclusive reaction (Formula presented.).0SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Measurement of multijet production in e p collisions at high Q2and determination of the strong coupling αs

Inclusive jet, dijet and trijet differential cross sections are measured in neutral current deep-inelastic scattering for exchanged boson virtualities 150 < Q2< 15 000 GeV2using the H1 detector at HERA. The data were taken in the years 2003 to 2007 and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 351 pb−1. Double differential jet cross sections are obtained using a regularised unfolding procedure. They are presented as a function of Q2and the transverse momentum of the jet, Pjet T, and as a function of Q2and the proton’s longitudinal momentum fraction, ξ, carried by the parton participating in the hard interaction. In addition normalised double differential jet cross sections are measured as the ratio of the jet cross sections to the inclusive neutral current cross sections in the respective Q2bins of the jet measurements. Compared to earlier work, the measurements benefit from an improved reconstruction and calibration of the hadronic final state. The cross sections are compared to perturbative QCD calculations in next-to-leading order and are used to determine the running coupling and the value of the strong coupling constant as αs(MZ) = 0.1165 (8)exp(38)pdf, theo.0SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Measurement of lepton-jet correlation in deep-inelastic scattering with the H1 detector using machine learning for unfolding

The first measurement of lepton-jet momentum imbalance and azimuthal correlation in lepton-proton scattering at high momentum transfer is presented. These data, taken with the H1 detector at HERA, are corrected for detector effects using an unbinned machine learning algorithm OmniFold, which considers eight observables simultaneously in this first application. The unfolded cross sections are compared to calculations performed within the context of collinear or transverse-momentum-dependent (TMD) factorization in Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) as well as Monte Carlo event generators. The measurement probes a wide range of QCD phenomena, including TMD parton distribution functions and their evolution with energy in so far unexplored kinematic regions

Measurement of Jet Production Cross Sections in Deep-inelastic ep Scattering at HERA

A precision measurement of jet cross sections in neutral current deep-inelastic scattering for photon virtualities $5.5<Q^2<80\,{\rm GeV}^2$ and inelasticities $0.2<y<0.6$ is presented, using data taken with the H1 detector at HERA, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $290\,{\rm pb}^{-1}$. Double-differential inclusive jet, dijet and trijet cross sections are measured simultaneously and are presented as a function of jet transverse momentum observables and as a function of $Q^2$. Jet cross sections normalised to the inclusive neutral current DIS cross section in the respective $Q^2$-interval are also determined. Previous results of inclusive jet cross sections in the range $150<Q^2<15\,000\,{\rm GeV}^2$ are extended to low transverse jet momenta $5<P_{T}^{\rm jet}<7\,{\rm GeV}$. The data are compared to predictions from perturbative QCD in next-to-leading order in the strong coupling, in approximate next-to-next-to-leading order and in full next-to-next-to-leading order. Using also the recently published H1 jet data at high values of $Q^2$, the strong coupling constant $\alpha_s(M_Z)$ is determined in next-to-leading order.A precision measurement of jet cross sections in neutral current deep-inelastic scattering for photon virtualities $5.5<Q^2<80\,{\rm GeV}^2$ and inelasticities $0.2<y<0.6$ is presented, using data taken with the H1 detector at HERA, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $290\,{\rm pb}^{-1}$. Double-differential inclusive jet, dijet and trijet cross sections are measured simultaneously and are presented as a function of jet transverse momentum observables and as a function of $Q^2$. Jet cross sections normalised to the inclusive neutral current DIS cross section in the respective $Q^2$-interval are also determined. Previous results of inclusive jet cross sections in the range $150<Q^2<15\,000\,{\rm GeV}^2$ are extended to low transverse jet momenta $5<P_{T}^{\rm jet}<7\,{\rm GeV}$. The data are compared to predictions from perturbative QCD in next-to-leading order in the strong coupling, in approximate next-to-next-to-leading order and in full next-to-next-to-leading order. Using also the recently published H1 jet data at high values of $Q^2$, the strong coupling constant $\alpha_s(M_Z)$ is determined in next-to-leading order.A precision measurement of jet cross sections in neutral current deep-inelastic scattering for photon virtualities $5.5<Q^2 <80\,\mathrm {GeV}^2$ and inelasticities $0.2<y<0.6$ is presented, using data taken with the H1 detector at HERA, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $290\,\mathrm {pb}^{-1}$ . Double-differential inclusive jet, dijet and trijet cross sections are measured simultaneously and are presented as a function of jet transverse momentum observables and as a function of $Q^2$ . Jet cross sections normalised to the inclusive neutral current DIS cross section in the respective $Q^2$ -interval are also determined. Previous results of inclusive jet cross sections in the range $150<Q^2 <15{,}000\,\mathrm {GeV}^2$ are extended to low transverse jet momenta $5<P_\mathrm{T}^\mathrm{jet} <7\,\mathrm {GeV}$ . The data are compared to predictions from perturbative QCD in next-to-leading order in the strong coupling, in approximate next-to-next-to-leading order and in full next-to-next-to-leading order. Using also the recently published H1 jet data at high values of $Q^2$ , the strong coupling constant $\alpha _s(M_Z)$ is determined in next-to-leading order