Factors Affecting Quality of Sleep in Intensive Care Unit

Background: The etiology of sleep disruption in intensive care unit is poorly known and often ignored complication. It is caused by the environmental factors especially pain, noise, diagnostic testing and human interventions that cause sleep disruption. Light, medications and activities related to patient care interfere with patient's ability to have good sleep. There are multi-factorial environmental etiologies for disruption of sleep in ICU. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the factors disturbing the sleep quality in intensive care unit (ICU) admitted patients. Methodology: A cross sectional study was designed involving 150 patients admitted in intensive care unit and high dependency unit of Gulab Devi Chest Hospital. The duration of study was from September 2015 to March 2016. The questionnaire was made and filled with the help of patients. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 16.00. Results: Mean age of patients was 50.46+10.96 with maximum age of 65 and minimum age of 30 years. There was 53.33% male patients and 46.67% females participating in this study. The sleep quality was significantly poor in ICU than at home. After analysis, 54.67% patients were with poor quality of sleep due to pain and 48.67% were due to noise of environmental stimuli. The other factors were alarms, light and loud talking. Conclusion: Current study shows that reduced sleep quality is a common problem in ICU with multi-factorial etiologies. Patient reported the poor sleep quality in ICU due to environmental issues that are potentially modifiable. Conclusion: Current study shows that reduced sleep quality is a common problem in ICU with multi-factorial etiologies. Patient reported the poor sleep quality in ICU due to environmental issues that are potentially modifiable

Dichromacy: Color Vision Impairment and Consanguinity in Heterogenous Population of Pakistan

Background and Objectives: Dichromacy, an X-linked recessive disorder is identified worldwide, more in males than females. In European Caucasians, its incidence is 8% in males and 0.5% in females. In India, it is 8.73% in males and 1.69% in females, and in Iran, it is 8.18% in males and 0.43% in females. Population based epidemiological data about dichromacy in different ethnic groups in Pakistan is not available. The aim of this study was to find out the population prevalence of inherited red-green dichromacy in a heterogenous population of the district of Chiniot, Punjab, Pakistan, and to determine the impact of consanguinity and ethnicity. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, boys and girls of the higher secondary schools were examined in the three tehsils of district Chiniot. Pseudoisochromatic Ishihara Test has been employed for detection of dichromacy in the study population. The sample size was calculated statistically as 260, which was expanded to 705 and divided by population density of the three tehsils. Results: Screening of 359 males and 346 females revealed 19 (5.29%) dichromat males and only 2 (0.58%) females. The study population belonged to 23 castes / isonym groups. The consanguinity found in the district of Chiniot is 84.82% and in the dichromat families, it is 85.71%, of which 52.37% are first cousin. Interpretation & Conclusion: The study has shown that the incidence of dichromacy could be reduced through genetic counselin

Pengaruh Citra Destinasi Terhadap Kepuasan Wisatawan Serta Dampaknya Terhadap Loyalitas Wisatawan (Studi Pada Wisatawan Nusantara Yang Berkunjung Ke Kota Batu)

This research aims to clarify: the influence of destination image variable to tourist satisfaction variable, tourist satisfaction\u27s influence to tourist loyalty, and tourist satisfaction\u27s influence to tourist loyalty in Batu city. This research use quantitative approach with explanatory research. This research use three variables: tourist satisfaction, destination image, and tourist loyalty. The collection of data obtained through a questionnaire which distributed to 113 respondents. The sampling technique of this research use purposive sampling and the respondent is domestic tourist who come from outside Batu city, at least twice visited to the tour attraction in Batu city for tour, started in 2010 since the Batu city decided as a tourism city until the time of the research carried out. The data analysis in this research use descriptive analysis and path analysis. The results showed that: destination image variable significantly influence tourist satisfaction variable, the destination image variable significantly influence tourist loyalty variable, and tourist satisfaction variable significantly influence tourist loyalty variable. Based on this research\u27s result, the government and the tourism\u27s entrepreneur have to keep the image of Batu city and increase the tourist\u27s visit intention by promoting all types of tour attraction, and optimizing the variety of tour attraction by creating tour packages

Penetapan Kompensasi Pada Karyawan Associate Bagian Human Capital Organization Productivity Cost Control and Partner Management Di PT United Tractors Jakarta

Compensation is a major aspect that must be considered for a company. Compensation is a right of employees that must be given by the company each month. It is therefore important for a company to set the compensation to be given to employees. Compensation can affect the productivity and performance of employees so that can directly affect the company's objectives. Compensation consists of two aspects, namely, compensation for financial and non-financial compensation. This study aims to find out how the procedure penetepan compensation in PT United Tractors and any form of compensation earned in PT United Tractors. Study employees was conducted at PT United Tractors East Jakarta in October until November 2016 the method used is qualitative analysis by comparing theories about compensation with the state of the field about the compensation available in the company. Compensation is given fair and reasonable to the employees, it aims to prevent the gap between employees and Perusahaan.Hasil research shows that the first compensation determination procedure begins with the survey, the evaluation work, the third to give the price of every level of payments, the fourth improve the level of payments, and The fifth grouping similar work into levels. The form of compensation that is obtained in the form of employees, salaries and wages first, both benefits and services. Keywords: Compensation, Human Capital, United Tractors

Risk Factors of Diarrhoea in Malnourished Children Under Age of 5 Years

Background: Acute infectious enteritis remains one of the commonest causes of death among infants and children in developing countries. Acute enteritis is defined as a loss of stool consistency with pasty or liquid stools, and/or an increase in stool frequency to more than three stools in 24 hours with or without fever or vomiting. Human survival depends on the secretion and reabsorption of fluid and electrolytes in the intestinal tract. The objective of the study is to evaluate the risk factors of diarrhoea in children under age of 5 years. Methodology: It was an observational study. Study was completed in about six months. Non-probability purposive sampling technique was used. In this study, 270 samples were taken from Diarrheal ward of The Children Hospital Lahore, Pakistan. Results: In this study, out of 270 patients, 58.52% were males and 41.48% were females. 90.37% patients were vaccinated. 54.81% had weaning history. 91.85% patients had feeding history. 29.26% had blood in stool. 96.67% patients were dehydrated. 95.56% patients had loose watery diarrhoea. 62.96% patients used boiled water. 58.52% patients consumed less than half litre of water, 30.00% patients consumed 1 litre of water and 11.48% patients consumed > 1 litre of water. 49.18% patients had proper hygiene. 38.15% mothers of patients were well educated. 40.37% patients had model household condition. 57.41% patients lived in rural area and 42.59% patients lived in urban area. Conclusion: The variation in the level of diarrheal morbidity was well explained by maternal education, income, personal hygiene, refuse disposal system and the effect of health extension programme

Pembuatan Game Labirin dengan Menggunakan Blender 3d

A game, usually undertaken for enjoyment and sometimes used as an educational tool. Key components of games are goals, rules, challenge, and interaction. Games generally involve mental or physical stimulation, and often both. Many games help develop practical skills, serve as a form of exercise, or otherwise perform an educational, simulational, or psychological role.Game maze is a type of game that could be considered old-fashioned, but this type of game is still enjoyed in your spare time, and there are many games that use the concept of the labyrinth.Blender is free software, that can be used to implement a labyrinth game with a low polygon modeling because blender has the ability like pay aplikasi tough. Blender has a lot of ability ranging from 3D modeling, rendering, shading, 3D animation, to 3D game development as a whole

Simulasi Aerodinamika Desain Mobil Hemat Bahan Bakar ‘Antawirya\u27 Dengan Metode Computational Fluid Dynamics

Increasingly depleted world\u27s oil deposit has encouraged the automotive industry, including the government and universities, to be more innovative in their efforts to find a breakthrough. More aerodynamic vehicle design will produce a smaller drag coefficient value, thus reducing fuel consumption. The purpose of this research is to get the magnitude of the drag coefficient as low as possible in the design of ‘Antawirya\u27 fuel efficient car. It focuses on the phenomenon of fluid flow that takes place all around the car and the effort to create a more aerodynamic car body design. Car aerodynamics simulations are conducted in the wind tunnel set as the computing domain by Computational Fluid Dynamics. The k-epsilon realizable standard wall function method is used in this research, which is specified based on the phenomenon of validation in backward-facing step by knowing the separation and the reattachment point on these phenomena. This research also uses the second order upwind as the discretization method for more accurate results. The number of each grid for previous Antawirya and Antawirya konsep 1 are 862391 and 767870. The results of the simulation show a reduction of drag coefficient on Antawirya konsep 1 compared to the previous Antawirya. Drag coefficient has shown a decrease by 38,18 % from 0,385 into 0,238 at a rate of 10 km/h, a decrease by 39,14 % from 0,373 into 0,227 at 20 km/h, a decrease by 39,84 % from 0,369 into 0,222 at 30 km/h, a decrease by 40,27 % from 0,365 into 0,218 at 40 km/h, a decrease by 40,38 % from 0,364 into 0,217 at 50 km/h, and a decrease by 40,27 % from 0,360 into 0,215 at 60 km/h. The separation and wake phenomenon also occurred on the back of the car body as the separation and wake on Antawirya konsep 1 are shorter than the previous Antawirya design. This is due to the fact that the body of Antawirya konsep 1 has a more aerodynamic design

Evaluasi Sumber Daya Teknologi Informasi Di Smk Negeri 3 Magelang

Penggunaan TI pada sekolah terutama SMK dapat memberian banyak keuntungan bagi sekolah tersebut. SMK Negeri 3 Magelang adalah sekolah yang berembang ditengah persaingan SMK yang ada di Magelang. Dengan meningkatnya peran TI maka investasi dibidang TI semakin besar dan kompleks penggunaannya. Oleh karena itu dibutuhkan suatu pengaturan sumber daya TI yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan masing-masing organisasinya khususnya pada sumber daya manusianya dengan menggunakan FrameworkCobit sebegai alat evaluasi.Hal ini diharapkan nantinya TI harus berbanding lurus dengan investasi yang dikeluarkan oleh organisasi. Organisasi yang sukses adalah yang terbukti mampu mengelola dan mengimplementasikan teknologi dalam kegiatannya sumber dayanya serta mampu mengelola kebutuhan sumber daya manusia di dalam organisas

Relationship of serum adiponectin and resistin to glucose intolerance and fat topography in south-Asians

Objectives South-Asians have lower adiponectin levels compared to Caucasians. It was not clear however, if this intrinsic feature is related to aspects of glucose metabolism. This study aims to determine the relationship between body fat distribution and adipocytokine in South-Asian subjects by measuring serum adipocytokines, adiposity, insulinemia, and glucose tolerance levels. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 150 South-Asians (80 males, 70 females) were included, 60 had NGT (Control group, Age 51.33 ± 11.5, BMI 27 ± 2.3), 60 had IGT (Age 57.7 ± 12.5, BMI 27.2 ± 2.7), 30 had type 2 DM (Age 49.5 ± 10.9, BMI 28 ± 1.7). Measures of adiposity, adipocytokines and other metabolic parameters were determined. Parameters were measured using the following: a) Plasma glucose by glucose oxidase method b) CRP by immunoturbidimetric method (Roche/Hitachi analyser) c) insulin by Medgenix INS-ELISA immunoenzymetric assay by Biosource (Belgium) d) Leptin, Adiponectin by radioimmunoassay kits by Linco Research (St. Charles MO) e) Resistin by immunoassay kits by Phoenix Pharmaceuticals INC (530 Harbor Boulevard, Belmont CA 94002, USA). Results Adiponectin concentrations were highest in NGT, decreased in IGT and lowest in DMT2, (both p < 0.01). Leptin was significantly higher in DMT2 than IGT and NGT p = 0.02 and 0.04 respectively. There was a significant positive relationships between log adiponectin and 2-hr insulin values, p = 0.028 and history of hypertensions and a ischemic heart disease p = 0.008 with R = 0.65. There was a significant inverse correlation between log adiponectin and resistin, p < 0.01. Conclusion Resistin levels had an inverse correlation with adiponectin levels, indicating an inverse relationship between pro-inflammatory cytokines and adiponectin. Adiponectin levels were related to glucose tolerance