263 research outputs found
Numerical Portrait of a Relativistic BCS Gapped Superfluid
We present results of numerical simulations of the 3+1 dimensional Nambu -
Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model with a non-zero baryon density enforced via the
introduction of a chemical potential mu not equal to 0. The triviality of the
model with a number of dimensions d>=4 is dealt with by fitting low energy
constants, calculated analytically in the large number of colors (Hartree)
limit, to phenomenological values. Non-perturbative measurements of local order
parameters for superfluidity and their related susceptibilities show that, in
contrast to the 2+1 dimensional model, the ground-state at high chemical
potential and low temperature is that of a traditional BCS superfluid. This
conclusion is supported by the direct observation of a gap in the dispersion
relation for 0.5<=(mu a)<=0.85, which at (mu a)=0.8 is found to be roughly 15%
the size of the vacuum fermion mass. We also present results of an initial
investigation of the stability of the BCS phase against thermal fluctuations.
Finally, we discuss the effect of splitting the Fermi surfaces of the pairing
partners by the introduction of a non-zero isospin chemical potential.Comment: 41 pages, 19 figures, uses axodraw.sty, v2: minor typographical
correction
Infrared cutoff dependence of the critical flavor number in three-dimensional QED
We solve, analytically and numerically, a gap equation in parity invariant
QED_3 in the presence of an infrared cutoff \mu and derive an expression for
the critical fermion number N_c as a function of \mu. We argue that this
dependence of N_c on the infrared scale might solve the discrepancy between
continuum Schwinger-Dyson equations studies and lattice simulations of QED_3.Comment: 5 pages, 1 figure (revtex4), final versio
Quantum-electrodynamical treatment of second-harmonic generation through phase-conjugate six-wave mixing: Temporal analysis
QCD-like Theories at Finite Baryon and Isospin Density
We use 2-color QCD as a model to study the effects of simultaneous presence
of chemical potentials for isospin charge, , and for baryon number,
. We determine the phase diagrams for 2 and 4 flavor theories using the
method of effective chiral Lagrangians at low densities and weak coupling
perturbation theory at high densities. We determine the values of various
condensates and densities as well as the spectrum of excitations as functions
of and . A similar analysis of QCD with quarks in the adjoint
representation is also presented. Our results can be of relevance for lattice
simulations of these theories. We predict a phase of inhomogeneous condensation
(Fulde-Ferrel-Larkin-Ovchinnikov phase) in the 2 colour 2 flavor theory, while
we do not expect it the 4 flavor case or in other realizations of QCD with a
positive measure.Comment: 17 pages, 14 figure
Chiral transition and monopole percolation in lattice scalar QED with quenched fermions
We study the interplay between topological observables and chiral and Higgs
transitions in lattice scalar QED with quenched fermions. Emphasis is put on
the chiral transition line and magnetic monopole percolation at strong gauge
coupling. We confirm that at infinite gauge coupling the chiral transition is
described by mean field exponents. We find a rich and complicated behaviour at
the endpoint of the Higgs transition line which hampers a satisfactory analysis
of the chiral transition. We study in detail an intermediate coupling, where
the data are consistent both with a trivial chiral transition clearly separated
from monopole percolation and with a chiral transition coincident with monopole
percolation, and characterized by the same critical exponent .
We discuss the relevance (or lack thereof) of these quenched results to our
understanding of the \chupiv\ model. We comment on the interplay of magnetic
monopoles and fermion dynamics in more general contexts.Comment: 29 pages, 13 figures included, LaTeX2e (elsart
O(1/N_f) Corrections to the Thirring Model in 2<d<4
The Thirring model, that is, a relativistic field theory of fermions with a
contact interaction between vector currents, is studied for dimensionalities
2<d<4 using the 1/N_f expansion, where N_f is the number of fermion species.
The model is found to have no ultraviolet divergences at leading order provided
a regularization respecting current conservation is used. Explicit O(1/N_f)
corrections are computed, and the model shown to be renormalizable at this
order in the massless limit; renormalizability appears to hold to all orders
due to a special case of Weinberg's theorem. This implies there is a universal
amplitude for four particle scattering in the asymptotic regime. Comparisons
are made with both the Gross-Neveu model and QED.Comment: 22 pages in plain TeX, with 7 figs included using psfig.tex (Minor
conceptual changes - algebra unaffected
Thermodynamics of Lattice QCD with Chiral 4-Fermion Interactions
We have studied lattice QCD with an additional, irrelevant 4-fermion
interaction having a U(1)xU(1) chiral symmetry, at finite temperatures. Adding
this 4-fermion term allowed us to work at zero quark mass, which would have
otherwise been impossible. The theory with 2 massless staggered quark flavours
appears to have a first order finite temperature phase transition at N_t=4 for
the value of 4-fermion coupling we have chosen, in contrast to what is expected
for 2-flavour QCD. The pion screening mass is seen to vanish below this
transition, only to become massive and degenerate with the sigma (f_0) above
this transition where the chiral symmetry is restored, as is seen by the
vanishing of the chiral condensate.Comment: 23 pages, 11 figure
2+1 Dimensional QED and a Novel Phase Transition
We investigate the chiral phase transition in 2+1 dimensional QED. Previous
gap equation and lattice Monte-Carlo studies of symmetry breaking have found
that symmetry breaking ceases to occur when the number of fermion flavors
exceeds a critical value. Here we focus on the order of the transition. We find
that there are no light scalar degrees of freedom present as the critical
number of flavors is approached from above (in the symmetric phase). Thus the
phase transition is not second order, rendering irrelevant the renormalization
group arguments for a fluctuation induced transition. However, the order
parameter vanishes continuously in the broken phase, so this transition is also
unlike a conventional first order phase transition.Comment: 11 pages, Late
Chiral Symmetry in Two-Color QCD at Finite Temperature
We study the chiral symmetry in two-color QCD with N massless flavors at
finite temperature, using an effective theory. For the gauge group SU(2), the
chiral symmetry is enlarged to SU(2N), which is then spontaneously broken to
Sp(2N) at zero temperature. At finite temperature, and when the axial anomaly
can be neglected, we find a first order phase transition occurring for two or
more flavors. In the presence of instantons, the symmetry restoration
unambiguously remains first order for three or more massless flavors. These
results could be relevant for lattice studies of chiral symmetry at finite
temperature and density.Comment: 10 pages, Revte
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