BIOSORPTION OF Cd(II) IONS BY NORDMANN FIR CONES

The biosorption of Cd(II) ions from aqueous solution was investigated by using Nordmann fir (Abies nordmanniana (Stev.) Spach. subsp. nordmanniana) cones, a natural biosorbent, in a batch biosorption system as a function of pH (1.5-7.0), initial metal concentration (5-150 mg/L), biomass dosage (1.0-8.0 g/L), contact time (0-480 min) and temperatures (15-45 degrees C). The experimental data showed that the maximum pH for efficient biosorption of Cd (II) was 6.5. The percentage removal increased from 76\% to 84\% with an increase in temperature from 15 to 45 degrees C at an initial Cd(II) concentration of 5 mg/L. The data were analysed on the basis of pseudo-second-order kinetics, Elovich equation and intra-particle diffusion mechanism to determine the best fit model for Cd(II) biosorption onto Nordmann fir cones. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Elovich equation provided the best correlation of the experimental data studied in comparison to the intra-particle diffusion mechanism. The experimental data were analysed using by Freundlich and Langmuir equation. The activation energy of biosorption (Ea) was calculated with Arhenius equation. Using the thermodynamic equilibrium coefficients obtained at different temperatures, the thermodynamic constants of biosorption (Delta G degrees, Delta H degrees and Delta S degrees) were also evaluated

The effects of dusts of bartin cement factory on Taurus Cedar (Cedrus libani A. Rich.) seeds' germination

The present study effects of pollutant particles from Bartm Cement Factory on development of seeds and leaves of Taurus Cedar (Cedrus libani Rich.) which in plantation area around the factory were examined. For this purpose, seeds were collected from sampling trees located 200m, 400m, 600m, 800m and 1000m (control) and zermination percentage of seeds, and total chlorophyll content of seedlings were determined. Moreover, in the present study, the air movement around Bartin Cement Factory and level of pollutants in sampling areas were also determined. The directions of the prevailing winds around the cement factory were North, and Northwest. From the aspect of pollutant material level, the array of sampling areas was SP1>SP2>SP3>SP4>C. On the other hand, evaluating the results of mean seed germination percentages, a significant difference (P<0.01) was noted between control and seeds of Taurus Cedar at various distances from are pollutant source. From the aspect of the power of seeds collected with 3 repetitions from Taurus Cedars located at various distances, it a significant difference (P<0.01) was found between the control and experimental groups. Accordingly, from both the aspects of mean germination percentage and seed power, an apparent increase was observed from 400 m distance. On the other hand, as the distance from cement factory increased, total chlorophyll content in Taurus Cedar seedlings increases significantly. Results of bilateral regression analysis evaluated exponential relationship at level 97\% between these 2 variables

EFFECTS OF INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER ON GERMINATION AND SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF DORMAST OAK (QUERCUS PETRAEA LIEBL.) SEEDS

In this study, where the effects of various concentrations of unfiltered wastewaters released from a textile factory located in the organized industrial zone of Bartin on mean germination percentages, seed power, and total chlorophyll content of seedlings have been evaluated, the dormast oak (Quercus petraea Liebl.) which is widely used in our country in artificial regeneration, rehabilitation and foresting activities has been chosen. When the results related with mean seed germination percentage have been evaluated, it has been determined that there is a statistically significant (p<0.01) difference between control and wastewater implemented dormast oak seeds in terms of germination percentage, and that 3 different groups have emerged. Accordingly, the germination percentage of seeds has shown significant decrease after concentration of 40\%. Accordingly, while the dormast oak seeds in control group and 20\% wastewater treatment group take place in the 1st group, the 2nd group consists of experiment populations treated with 40\% and 60\% of wastewater concentrations where the seed power started to decrease significantly, and the seed groups treated with 80\% and 100\% of wastewater concentrations where the seed power is lowest-clustered in 3rd group. As in germination percentage, the most important decrease in seed power starts from treatment with 40\% of wastewater concentration. On the other hand, it has been found that the power starts to increase since the 8th day in almost all of the groups. Also, there is a strong relationship with value of 92\% between the total chlorophyll content found in fresh dormast oak seedlings and industrial wastewater concentration (R-2 = 0.9216)