Comparison between the remission and non-remission groups of NAFLD from baseline to month 12.

Comparison between the remission and non-remission groups of NAFLD from baseline to month 12.</p

CONSORT flow diagram.

BackgroundA healthy lifestyle is the most important method for managing nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Mac-2-binding protein glycosylated isomer (M2BPGi) has been suggested as a biomarker for NAFLD. This study aimed to determine the efficacy of personalized lifestyle interventions on NAFLD remission.MethodsThis single-arm intervention study recruited participants with NAFLD who underwent health checkups at seven health-promotion centers in five South Korean cities. Fatty liver diagnosis was based on ultrasonography (US). The 109 individuals were recruited for personalized lifestyle interventions of hypocaloric diets and exercise. The participants attended the lifestyle intervention programs once per month for the first 3 months, and once every 3 months for the subsequent 6 months. In addition to sessions through center visits, phone-based intervention and self-monitoring at 4-, 5-, 7-, and 8-month were provided during the 9-month intervention period. And phone-based self-monitoring were also provided monthly during the 3-month follow-up period. The primary outcome was NAFLD remission at month 12 as measured on US and magnetic resonance elastography. The secondary outcomes were the changes in metabolic factors and M2BPGi.ResultsThe 108 individuals (62 males and 46 females; age 51.1±12.4 years, mean±standard deviation) were finally analyzed after the 12month intervention. Body mass index, waist circumference (WC), blood pressure, blood lipids (total cholesterol, triglycerides, and HDL-C), and fasting blood sugar levels were improved relative to baseline (all PP = 0.002). M2BPGi levels decreased during the 12-month study period (Pr = 0.33, P = 0.05). WC (OR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.67–1.00, P = 0.05) and HDL-C (OR = 1.17, 95% CI = 1.03–1.32, P = 0.014) were associated with remission of fatty liver in the multivariate analysis.ConclusionThe personalized lifestyle intervention was effective in improving fatty liver and metabolic factors, but not hepatic stiffness, in NAFLD.Trial registrationICTRP, cris.nih.go.kr (KCT0006380).</div

Associated metabolic factors with remission of NAFLD based on abdominal ultrasonography at month 12.

Associated metabolic factors with remission of NAFLD based on abdominal ultrasonography at month 12.</p

TREND checklist.

BackgroundA healthy lifestyle is the most important method for managing nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Mac-2-binding protein glycosylated isomer (M2BPGi) has been suggested as a biomarker for NAFLD. This study aimed to determine the efficacy of personalized lifestyle interventions on NAFLD remission.MethodsThis single-arm intervention study recruited participants with NAFLD who underwent health checkups at seven health-promotion centers in five South Korean cities. Fatty liver diagnosis was based on ultrasonography (US). The 109 individuals were recruited for personalized lifestyle interventions of hypocaloric diets and exercise. The participants attended the lifestyle intervention programs once per month for the first 3 months, and once every 3 months for the subsequent 6 months. In addition to sessions through center visits, phone-based intervention and self-monitoring at 4-, 5-, 7-, and 8-month were provided during the 9-month intervention period. And phone-based self-monitoring were also provided monthly during the 3-month follow-up period. The primary outcome was NAFLD remission at month 12 as measured on US and magnetic resonance elastography. The secondary outcomes were the changes in metabolic factors and M2BPGi.ResultsThe 108 individuals (62 males and 46 females; age 51.1±12.4 years, mean±standard deviation) were finally analyzed after the 12month intervention. Body mass index, waist circumference (WC), blood pressure, blood lipids (total cholesterol, triglycerides, and HDL-C), and fasting blood sugar levels were improved relative to baseline (all PP = 0.002). M2BPGi levels decreased during the 12-month study period (Pr = 0.33, P = 0.05). WC (OR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.67–1.00, P = 0.05) and HDL-C (OR = 1.17, 95% CI = 1.03–1.32, P = 0.014) were associated with remission of fatty liver in the multivariate analysis.ConclusionThe personalized lifestyle intervention was effective in improving fatty liver and metabolic factors, but not hepatic stiffness, in NAFLD.Trial registrationICTRP, cris.nih.go.kr (KCT0006380).</div

Mean changes in waist circumference from baseline to month 12 in the remission and non-remission groups.

Mean changes in waist circumference from baseline to month 12 in the remission and non-remission groups.</p

Study protocol.

BackgroundA healthy lifestyle is the most important method for managing nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Mac-2-binding protein glycosylated isomer (M2BPGi) has been suggested as a biomarker for NAFLD. This study aimed to determine the efficacy of personalized lifestyle interventions on NAFLD remission.MethodsThis single-arm intervention study recruited participants with NAFLD who underwent health checkups at seven health-promotion centers in five South Korean cities. Fatty liver diagnosis was based on ultrasonography (US). The 109 individuals were recruited for personalized lifestyle interventions of hypocaloric diets and exercise. The participants attended the lifestyle intervention programs once per month for the first 3 months, and once every 3 months for the subsequent 6 months. In addition to sessions through center visits, phone-based intervention and self-monitoring at 4-, 5-, 7-, and 8-month were provided during the 9-month intervention period. And phone-based self-monitoring were also provided monthly during the 3-month follow-up period. The primary outcome was NAFLD remission at month 12 as measured on US and magnetic resonance elastography. The secondary outcomes were the changes in metabolic factors and M2BPGi.ResultsThe 108 individuals (62 males and 46 females; age 51.1±12.4 years, mean±standard deviation) were finally analyzed after the 12month intervention. Body mass index, waist circumference (WC), blood pressure, blood lipids (total cholesterol, triglycerides, and HDL-C), and fasting blood sugar levels were improved relative to baseline (all PP = 0.002). M2BPGi levels decreased during the 12-month study period (Pr = 0.33, P = 0.05). WC (OR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.67–1.00, P = 0.05) and HDL-C (OR = 1.17, 95% CI = 1.03–1.32, P = 0.014) were associated with remission of fatty liver in the multivariate analysis.ConclusionThe personalized lifestyle intervention was effective in improving fatty liver and metabolic factors, but not hepatic stiffness, in NAFLD.Trial registrationICTRP, cris.nih.go.kr (KCT0006380).</div

Changes at follow-up times.

BackgroundA healthy lifestyle is the most important method for managing nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Mac-2-binding protein glycosylated isomer (M2BPGi) has been suggested as a biomarker for NAFLD. This study aimed to determine the efficacy of personalized lifestyle interventions on NAFLD remission.MethodsThis single-arm intervention study recruited participants with NAFLD who underwent health checkups at seven health-promotion centers in five South Korean cities. Fatty liver diagnosis was based on ultrasonography (US). The 109 individuals were recruited for personalized lifestyle interventions of hypocaloric diets and exercise. The participants attended the lifestyle intervention programs once per month for the first 3 months, and once every 3 months for the subsequent 6 months. In addition to sessions through center visits, phone-based intervention and self-monitoring at 4-, 5-, 7-, and 8-month were provided during the 9-month intervention period. And phone-based self-monitoring were also provided monthly during the 3-month follow-up period. The primary outcome was NAFLD remission at month 12 as measured on US and magnetic resonance elastography. The secondary outcomes were the changes in metabolic factors and M2BPGi.ResultsThe 108 individuals (62 males and 46 females; age 51.1±12.4 years, mean±standard deviation) were finally analyzed after the 12month intervention. Body mass index, waist circumference (WC), blood pressure, blood lipids (total cholesterol, triglycerides, and HDL-C), and fasting blood sugar levels were improved relative to baseline (all PP = 0.002). M2BPGi levels decreased during the 12-month study period (Pr = 0.33, P = 0.05). WC (OR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.67–1.00, P = 0.05) and HDL-C (OR = 1.17, 95% CI = 1.03–1.32, P = 0.014) were associated with remission of fatty liver in the multivariate analysis.ConclusionThe personalized lifestyle intervention was effective in improving fatty liver and metabolic factors, but not hepatic stiffness, in NAFLD.Trial registrationICTRP, cris.nih.go.kr (KCT0006380).</div

Association of CKD with metabolic abnormalities and NAFLD in study subjects.

Association of CKD with metabolic abnormalities and NAFLD in study subjects.</p

Study protocol (Korean).

BackgroundA healthy lifestyle is the most important method for managing nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Mac-2-binding protein glycosylated isomer (M2BPGi) has been suggested as a biomarker for NAFLD. This study aimed to determine the efficacy of personalized lifestyle interventions on NAFLD remission.MethodsThis single-arm intervention study recruited participants with NAFLD who underwent health checkups at seven health-promotion centers in five South Korean cities. Fatty liver diagnosis was based on ultrasonography (US). The 109 individuals were recruited for personalized lifestyle interventions of hypocaloric diets and exercise. The participants attended the lifestyle intervention programs once per month for the first 3 months, and once every 3 months for the subsequent 6 months. In addition to sessions through center visits, phone-based intervention and self-monitoring at 4-, 5-, 7-, and 8-month were provided during the 9-month intervention period. And phone-based self-monitoring were also provided monthly during the 3-month follow-up period. The primary outcome was NAFLD remission at month 12 as measured on US and magnetic resonance elastography. The secondary outcomes were the changes in metabolic factors and M2BPGi.ResultsThe 108 individuals (62 males and 46 females; age 51.1±12.4 years, mean±standard deviation) were finally analyzed after the 12month intervention. Body mass index, waist circumference (WC), blood pressure, blood lipids (total cholesterol, triglycerides, and HDL-C), and fasting blood sugar levels were improved relative to baseline (all PP = 0.002). M2BPGi levels decreased during the 12-month study period (Pr = 0.33, P = 0.05). WC (OR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.67–1.00, P = 0.05) and HDL-C (OR = 1.17, 95% CI = 1.03–1.32, P = 0.014) were associated with remission of fatty liver in the multivariate analysis.ConclusionThe personalized lifestyle intervention was effective in improving fatty liver and metabolic factors, but not hepatic stiffness, in NAFLD.Trial registrationICTRP, cris.nih.go.kr (KCT0006380).</div

Correlation between fat fraction and M2BPGi.

BackgroundA healthy lifestyle is the most important method for managing nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Mac-2-binding protein glycosylated isomer (M2BPGi) has been suggested as a biomarker for NAFLD. This study aimed to determine the efficacy of personalized lifestyle interventions on NAFLD remission.MethodsThis single-arm intervention study recruited participants with NAFLD who underwent health checkups at seven health-promotion centers in five South Korean cities. Fatty liver diagnosis was based on ultrasonography (US). The 109 individuals were recruited for personalized lifestyle interventions of hypocaloric diets and exercise. The participants attended the lifestyle intervention programs once per month for the first 3 months, and once every 3 months for the subsequent 6 months. In addition to sessions through center visits, phone-based intervention and self-monitoring at 4-, 5-, 7-, and 8-month were provided during the 9-month intervention period. And phone-based self-monitoring were also provided monthly during the 3-month follow-up period. The primary outcome was NAFLD remission at month 12 as measured on US and magnetic resonance elastography. The secondary outcomes were the changes in metabolic factors and M2BPGi.ResultsThe 108 individuals (62 males and 46 females; age 51.1±12.4 years, mean±standard deviation) were finally analyzed after the 12month intervention. Body mass index, waist circumference (WC), blood pressure, blood lipids (total cholesterol, triglycerides, and HDL-C), and fasting blood sugar levels were improved relative to baseline (all PP = 0.002). M2BPGi levels decreased during the 12-month study period (Pr = 0.33, P = 0.05). WC (OR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.67–1.00, P = 0.05) and HDL-C (OR = 1.17, 95% CI = 1.03–1.32, P = 0.014) were associated with remission of fatty liver in the multivariate analysis.ConclusionThe personalized lifestyle intervention was effective in improving fatty liver and metabolic factors, but not hepatic stiffness, in NAFLD.Trial registrationICTRP, cris.nih.go.kr (KCT0006380).</div