6,246 research outputs found
A non-perturbative field theory approach for the Kondo effect: Emergence of an extra dimension and its implication for the holographic duality conjecture
Implementing Wilsonian renormalization group transformations in an iterative
way, we develop a non-perturbative field theoretical framework, which takes
into account all-loop quantum corrections organized in the expansion,
where represents the flavor number of quantum fields. The resulting
classical field theory is given by an effective Landau-Ginzburg theory for a
local order parameter field, which appears in one-dimensional higher spacetime.
We claim that such all-loop quantum corrections are introduced into an equation
of motion for the order parameter field through the evolution in the emergent
extra dimension. Based on this non-perturbative theoretical framework, we solve
the Kondo effect, where the quantum mechanics problem in the projective
formulation is mapped into a Landau-Ginzburg field theory for the hybridization
order parameter field with an emergent extra dimension. We confirm the
non-perturbative nature of this field theoretical framework. Intriguingly, we
show that the Wilsonian renormalization group method can explain
non-perturbative thermodynamic properties of an impurity consistent with the
Bethe ansatz solutions. Finally, we speculate how our non-perturbative field
theoretical framework can be connected with the AdS/CFT duality
conjecture.Comment: Completely rewritte
Noise Source Identification of Small Fan-BLDC Motor System for Refrigerators
Noise levels in household appliances are increasingly attracting attention from manufacturers and
customers. Legislation is becoming more severe on acceptable noise levels and low noise is a major
marketing point for many products. The latest trend in the refrigerator manufacturing industry is to use
brushless DC (BLDC) motors instead of induction motors in order to reduce energy consumption and
noise radiation. However, cogging torque from BLDC motor is an undesirable effect that prevents the
smooth rotation of the rotor and results in noise. This paper presents a practical approach for
identifying the source of excessive noise in the small fan-motor system for household refrigerators.
The source is presumed to a mechanical resonance excited by torque ripple of the BLDC motor.
By using finite element analysis, natural frequencies and mode shapes of the rotating part of the system
are obtained and they are compared with experimental mode shapes obtained by electronic torsional
excitation test which uses BLDC motor itself as an exciter.
Two experimental validations are carried out to confirm the reduction of excessive noise
Detail Engineering Completion Rating Index System (DECRIS) for Optimal Initiation of Construction Works to Improve Contractors' Schedule-Cost Performance for Offshore Oil and Gas EPC Projects
Engineering, Procurement, and Construction (EPC) contractors with lump-sum turnkey contracts have recently been suffering massive profit losses due to re-works and schedule delays in offshore oil and gas EPC megaprojects. The main objective of this research is to develop and implement a detail engineering completion rating index system (DECRIS) to assist EPC contractors to optimize fabrication and construction works schedules while minimizing potential re-work/re-order. This is achieved through adequate detail design development and results in minimizing schedule delays and potential liquidated damages (i.e., delay penalties). The developed DECRIS was based on findings from an extensive review of existing literature, industry-led studies, expert surveys, and expert workshops. The DECRIS model is an evolution, and improvement of existing tools such as the project definition raking index (PDRI) and front-end loading (FEL) developed specifically for the early stage of engineering maturity assessment (i.e., planning, basic design, and front-end engineering design (FEED)), prior to EPC projects. The DECRIS was evaluated and validated with thirteen sample as-built offshore megaprojects completed recently. When the DECRIS was applied to the completed projects post-hoc, a correlation (R-squared 0.71) was found between DECRIS scores and schedule/cost performances. This is much superior to the PDRI-Industrial model's correlation (R-squared 0.04), which was primarily devised for owners' basic engineering or FEED completion assessment. Finally, as a means of further validation, project schedule and cost performance of an ongoing project was predicted based on the correlations found on the thirteen completed projects. The resultant predicted schedule and cost performance was well matched with the current project performance status. Based on the accuracy of the DECRIS model found in the validation, said model is an effective prospective tool for EPC contractors to manage their engineering and procurement/construction risks during the initial detail design stages.11sciessciscopu
Resonance of Domain Wall in a Ferromagnetic Nanostrip: Relation Between Distortion and Velocity
The resonance of the magnetic domain wall under the applied field amplifies
its velocity compared to the one-dimensional model. To quantify the
amplification, we define the distortion variation rate of the domain wall that
can represent how fast and severely the wall shape is variated. Introducing
that rate gives a way to bring the resonance into the one-dimensional domain
wall dynamics model. We obtain the dissipated energy and domain wall velocity
amplification by calculating the distortion variation rate. The relationship
between velocity and distortion variation rate agrees well with micromagnetic
simulation.Comment: 15 pages, 4 figure
Smart Roadside System for Driver Assistance and Safety Warnings: Framework and Applications
The use of newly emerging sensor technologies in traditional roadway systems can provide real-time traffic services to drivers through Telematics and Intelligent Transport Systems (ITSs). This paper introduces a smart roadside system that utilizes various sensors for driver assistance and traffic safety warnings. This paper shows two road application models for a smart roadside system and sensors: a red-light violation warning system for signalized intersections, and a speed advisory system for highways. Evaluation results for the two services are then shown using a micro-simulation method. In the given real-time applications for drivers, the framework and certain algorithms produce a very efficient solution with respect to the roadway type features and sensor type use
Physical Origin and Generic Control of Magnonic Band Gaps of Dipole-Exchange Spin Waves in Width-Modulated-Nanostrip Waveguides
We report, for the first time, on a novel planar structure of
magnonic-crystal waveguides, made of a single magnetic material, in which the
allowed and forbidden bands of propagating dipole-exchange spin-waves can be
manipulated by the periodic modulation of different widths in thin-film
nanostrips. The origin of the presence of several magnonic wide band gaps and
the crucial parameters for controlling those band gaps of the order of ~10 GHz
are found by micromagnetic numerical and analytical calculations. This work can
offer a route to the potential application to broad-band spin-wave filters in
the GHz frequency range.Comment: 24 pages, 8 figure
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