High Performance AWGR PONs in Data Centre Networks

The unprecedented advances in Passive Optical Networks (PONs) and their proven performance in access networks have encouraged researcher to investigate the use of passive optics to address the limitations of conventional data centre architectures. In this paper, we present a scalable, high capacity and energy efficient arrayed wave guide grating router (AWGR) PON based data centre architecture to facilitate inter and intra racks communication within data centres. The proposed architecture can be scaled up efficiently to hundreds of thousands of servers and has shown energy savings of 45% and 80% compared to the Fat-Tree and BCube architectures, respectively

Server-Centric PON Data Center Architecture

Over the last decade, the evolution of data center architecture designs has been mainly driven by the ever increasing bandwidth demands, high power consumption and cost. With all these in mind, a significant potential to improve bandwidth capacity and reduce power consumption and cost can be achieved by introducing PONs in the design of the networking fabric infrastructure in data centers. This work presents a novel server-centric PON design for future cloud data center architecture. We avoided the use of power hungry devices such as switches and tuneable lasers and encouraged the use of low power passive optical backplanes and PONs to facilitate intra and inter rack communication. We also tackle the problem of resource provisioning optimization and present our MILP model results for energy efficient routing and resource provisioning within the PON cell. We optimized the selection of hosting servers, routing paths and relay servers to achieve efficient resource utilization reaching 95% and optimum saving in energy consumption reaching 59%

Calcium channels and pumps: importance during lactation as potential targets for breast cancer

The enrichment of milk with calcium is critical for the survival of mammals after birth. The process of transfer of calcium ions from the maternal blood supply into milk occurs through mammary alveolar epithelial cells. Recent research has provided deep mechanistic insight into these processes with candidates for the critical pathways involved in calcium transport identified. These proteins include the store-operated Ca entry component Orai1 (basolateral Ca influx), the secretory pathway Ca-ATPase isoform 2 (SPCA2, secretion of Ca), and the plasma membrane Ca-ATPase isoform 2 (PMCA2, apical membrane Ca efflux). Increased expression of Orai1, SPCA2, and PMCA2 has also been identified in breast cancer cells; however, the remodeling of these targets often demonstrates selectivity for specific clinical and/or molecular subtypes. Silencing of these targets has identified roles for these proteins in the proliferation and/or migration of some breast cancer cell lines