Direct measurement of salt–mineral repulsion using atomic force microscopy

The disjoining pressure between a mineral and soluble salt crystal in concentrated aqueous solution has been successfully measured with atomic force microscopy

Religion, Forgiveness and Humanity

There are many ways of doing philosophy of religion. No doubt all of them have need of abstract concepts and passages where reflection is more technical than it usually is, say in everyday thought and reflection. But it is well known that, in this area of philosophy, and not only in this area of philosophy, abstract reflection can run the risk of losing contact with the ins and outs, the finer-grained details, of the lived experience of reality. One way to seek to reduce this risk is to approach abstract or general reflection through philosophical reflection on specific cases. This is what I intend to do in this paper. My aim is to explore in detail a specific and, in my view, extraordinarily striking example, in this case, an example of forgiveness in a religious, indeed, Christian context, drawing out where possible general or abstract conclusions, but seeking always to root reflection in the specific case in order to understand better from a philosophical point of view what is at stake, what is important, when thinking about the issue in question. Of course, I shall be seeking primarily to elucidate philosophically the example I shall discuss, but, by implication, I hope that the kinds of questions, worries and concerns I discuss might raise consciousness – philosophical consciousness – of the kinds of questions that we might explore in other examples, specifically those which involve forgiveness in a religious context.</jats:p

Targeting Holliday Junctions

Holliday junctions are formed as an intermediate during DNA recombination as the two strands come together. Recombination occurs during meiosis, and also during DNA double strand repair. Trapping this branched intermediate could prevent DNA repair from occurring in cells which would prove beneficial during cancer treatment. There are many enzymes that cleave Holliday junctions. One such enzyme, T7 Endonuclease I, was specifically chosen to detect ligand binding at the core of the junction since its binding and cleavage of cruciforms is well documented. Specialized bifunctional ligands were studied in this project that were designed to bind DNA structures that are held in close proximity to one another. These compounds have two identical binding modules that are connected by a linker of various length and rigidity, with each module binding very weakly; however, when both modules bind the binding affinity is greatly enhanced. The interactions of these compounds with cruciforms are currently being studied

St Cuthbert\u27s Deathbed Speech: Why Did Bede Write a Second Prose Life?

St Cuthbert of Lindisfarne was a massively important saint in medieval Europe—his cult following flourished for over 500 years. Four different hagiographies concerning his life and miracles, and over 50 manuscripts still in existence bear witness to his popularity. The first account was written in prose by an anonymous monk of Lindisfarne at around 702 A.D.—about fifteen years after St Cuthbert’s death. The remaining three accounts were all written by the Venerable Bede: a metrical Life completed around 710, a prose Life in 721, and a miniature hagiographical account within the famous Historica Ecclesiastica, which was completed in 731. In this paper, I explore the complex and unresolved question of why Bede wrote a second prose account so soon after Anonymous wrote the first; for, the bishop who commissioned the first prose Life to be written was the same bishop who commissioned Bede to write another prose Life. Consequently, our inquiry also includes a discussion of why Anonymous\u27 account was, apparently, insufficient, such that a second was needed

PROMOTING CHILD-CARE SKILLS AMONG PARENTS WITH LEARNING DIFFICULTIES

The investigation was designed to evaluate a training intervention to increase child-care skills among parents with learning difficulties. Twenty six participants took part in the study. These were divided into three groups: group “A”, experimental group (n=8), group “B”, experimental group (n=8) and group c, control group (n=10). Training consisted of six one hour sessions conducted in the parents' home over a period of six weeks. The ability of parents to acquire and maintain knowledge of basic behavioural principles was examined and behavioural outcome measures were taken to test for the application and generalisation of the knowledge in question. The impact of the intervention on the parent-child relationship was also evaluated and parental stress levels were recorded throughout the investigation. The findings suggest that parents with learning difficulties are able to acquire and maintain knowledge of basic behavioural principles as they apply to children. Their ability to transform knowledge into skill however, is less clear with no , significant behavioural changes being recorded and no evidence of generalisation. The impact of the intervention on the parent-child relationship suggests that parents' adjustment towards their children following intervention had improved. Stress levels among parents in all three groups were relatively high. These levels for the experimental groups however, increased significantly during the intervention. These findings are discussed in relation to past research and their respective hypotheses. Their implications for present practice and future research are also reviewed.Cornwall & The Isles of Scilly Learning Disability NHS Trus

First and Second Law Analyses of Conventional and Advanced Combustion Modes

The objective of this paper was to perform first and second law analyses of conventional and advanced combustion modes. The data to be analyzed came from two computer models. The first model simulated a modified Mercedes diesel engine operating in the conventional mode, and the second simulated operation in the advanced combustion mode. Each model was constructed using geometric measurements from the experimental engine setup. Experimental data were used to correlate the output from the models with that of the actual engine. Once each model was deemed valid, its output was subjected to a first and second law analysis. In the conventional combustion case, 14.27 % of the fuel\u27s availability energy is affiliated with heat transfer, 17.24 % with flow processes, 34.13 % with work, and 34.36 % is destroyed. In the advanced combustion case, 18.39 % of the fuel\u27s availability energy is affiliated with heat transfer, 13.72 % with flow processes, 38.99 % with work, and 28.9 % is destroyed

Design Study of Triggered Isomer Heat Exchanger-Combustion Hybrid Jet Engine for High Altitude Flight

This study investigated the possibility of utilizing a Triggered Isomer Heat Exchanger (TIHE) within a conventional jet engine in order to increase the endurance of a High Altitude Long Endurance (HALE) Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (ISR) aircraft. Optimizations of the conventional and TIHE engines along with selection of a switchover flight condition, where the aircraft switches from combustion to TIHE operations, were made utilizing engine design and mission analysis software. Radiation shield weights were determined utilizing point source gamma ray shielding methods. The jet engine best suited for the hybrid use, where both combustion and TIHE components located in a single engine, was a mixed stream turbofan engine flying both the conventional and TIHE legs of the mission, with a switchover Mach of 0.4 and switchover altitude of 40,000 ft. With the single hybrid engine, including shield weights and modifications, endurance could easily be extended into weeks instead of days, while also resulting in a 20% drop in takeoff weight of current vehicles. The reduction in weight was due mainly to lower fuel requirements

Hip Hop Turns 50: The End of a Criminal Cartel

Most people are familiar with superstar rappers like Kanye West, Nicki Minaj, and Drake, who continue to anchor hip-hop in a competitive culture of braggadocio, high fashion, and lethal lyrics. Many are also familiar with the recent deaths of rising stars like King Von, Pop Smoke, PnB Rock, and Takeoff due to gun violence. However, beyond the megastars, melodic music, and the high-profile murders, hip-hop represents a global marketplace valued at over $15 billion, which is shocking considering the poverty surrounding its birth. On the eve of its 50th anniversary in 2023, hip-hop’s position as the dominant form of contemporary music remains unassailable.2 However, hip-hip as a business sector has also been known for shady business tactics, thuggery, unsavory individuals, and a longstanding history of using organized crime and violence to resolve conflict. Issues like these merit real examination from a new perspective such as: “what’s the accountability within the music industry and law enforcement community for these events” and “what responsibilities do the media companies funding rap music have when they employ rogue artists engaged in criminality.” Simply put, if hip-hop artists are engaged in criminal activity sanctioned and funded indirectly by their music labels, then those companies should also be held criminally responsible for the resulting harm. For that reason, this paper sets forth the legal framework to establish criminal culpability on behalf of the financiers that have been inadvertently or intentionally funding these criminal enterprises in hip-hop over the last 50 year