Sustainable architecture approach in designing residential-recreational complex (Qotur Suie Meshkinshahr, Ardebil province, Iran).

Sustainable architecture has been shaped with vernacular materials based on the vernacular architecture according to climatic conditions, saving energy and responding to needs and social and cultural conditions. In cold region architecture, the buildings are constructed as steps on the hills in the direction of sun and behind the west winds and with flat roof as function of environment. In this research, the effects of energy saving in architecture and vernacular architecture on sustainable architecture have been examined. This research was conducted based on identification, description and analysis and its aim was to reduce environmental damage and minimizing energy consumption and coordination with nature as the infrastructure of sustainable design philosophy. The results showed that designing a residential and recreational complex in the Qotur Suie touristic zone located in the touristic circle of Sarab, Meshkinshahr and Ardebil based on sustainable architecture for surviving vernacular design with artificial environment in a natural environment can protect the nature providing comfort for people and prevent its destruction.Keywords: sustainable architecture, artificial environment, natural environment, new energy, Meshkinshahr provinc

MICROSCOPIC DYNAMICS OF THE BUBBLE MOTION AND THIN LIQUID FILM DURING BUBBLE IMPACT ON HORIZONTAL AND INCLINED SURFACES

Air bubble interaction with liquid/air or liquid/solid interfaces is a fascinating problem of fluid dynamics that has a noticeable application in various industries employing the separation of components like oil extraction or wastewater treatment. Air bubble motion and collision with the surface involve the following phases: the release of the air bubble in the bulk of the fluid and its rise, impacting on the interface and bouncing, formation of the thin liquid film of water, and attachment or sliding of the air bubble on the interface. Although advances in the experimental and modeling techniques enabled a significant increase in the number of studies conducted to understand better this microscale air bubble-interface interaction, various aspects of this phenomenon are still unknown. To achieve a better understanding of the air bubble impact, key affecting parameters involved in this process, including bubble distance from the capillary, bubble size, the inclination angle of the solid substrate, and hydrophobicity were identified. An imaging system based on the interferometry technique is developed to experimentally investigate these parameters. It is found that increasing the inclination angle results in an increase in air bubble sliding velocity and an increase in thin liquid film thickness. Bubble size also has a direct effect on sliding velocity and film thickness as for a larger bubble, larger velocity, and film thickness are obtained. As a result of the more significant impact of these parameters on air bubble sliding velocity, exerted shear stress on the surface also increases. The stability of the thin liquid film is also investigated for different levels of the plate’s hydrophobicity. It is observed that for super hydrophilic plates, the film is stable and no three phase contact (TPC) forms on the solid plate. Whereas, in the case of more hydrophobic plates treated by polymers, liquid film ruptures, and air bubble attaches to the solid plate

IRDDS: Instance reduction based on Distance-based decision surface

In instance-based learning, a training set is given to a classifier for classifying new instances. In practice, not all information in the training set is useful for classifiers. Therefore, it is convenient to discard irrelevant instances from the training set. This process is known as instance reduction, which is an important task for classifiers since through this process the time for classification or training could be reduced. Instance-based learning methods are often confronted with the difficulty of choosing the instances which must be stored to be used during an actual test. Storing too many instances may result in large memory requirements and slow execution speed. In this paper, first, a Distance-based Decision Surface (DDS) is proposed which is used as a separating surface between the classes, then an instance reduction method, which is based on the DDS surface is proposed, namely IRDDS (Instance Reduction based on Distance-based Decision Surface). Using the DDS surface with Genetic algorithm selects a reference set for classification. IRDDS selects the most representative instances, satisfying both following objectives: high accuracy and reduction rates. The performance of IRDDS has been evaluated on real world data sets from UCI repository by the 10-fold cross-validation method. The results of the experiments are compared with some state-of-the-art methods, which show the superiority of the proposed method over the surveyed literature, in terms of both classification accuracy and reduction percentage

THE ENDOGENOUS REGULATION OF THE HUMAN MACROPHAGE ACTIVATION RESPONSE

Macrophages are innate immune cells that participate in host defense to invading pathogens. They are powerful producers of cytokines and inflammatory mediators due to their efficient recognition of pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) via toll like receptors (TLRs). We and others have shown that the activation response to PAMPs is transient. In the present work, we demonstrate that stimulated macrophages produce adenosine and prostaglandin E2, which function as regulators of the macrophage activation response. Macrophages also upregulate receptors for these regulators to terminate inflammation and promote wound healing. We performed high throughput RNA sequencing to characterize the transcriptomes of human monocyte-derived macrophages in response to stimulation with LPS + Adenosine or LPS + PGE2. These cells exhibited a decrease in inflammatory transcripts and an increase in transcripts associated with cell growth and repair when compared to cells stimulated in the absence of these regulators. Macrophages can be generated from precursor cells in response to two different growth factors; M-CSF (macrophage colony stimulating factor) and GM-CSF (granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor). M-CSF is expressed constitutively in a variety of tissues, while GM-CSF is expressed primarily in the lung, but can be induced in other tissues under inflammatory conditions. We demonstrate that human macrophages differentiated in M-CSF readily adopt an anti-inflammatory, growth promoting phenotype in response to LPS + Adenosine or LPS + PGE2, while macrophages differentiated in GM-CSF do not. This observation suggests that M-CSF derived human macrophages may be better able to alter their activation state in response to surrounding signals in order to maintain homeostasis. GM-CSF derived macrophages, in contrast, may undergo a more prominent activation response that is associated with inflammation and tissue destruction due to their inability to efficiently respond to resolving molecules

THE EFFECT OF VISCO-ELASTIC CORE THICKNESS ON MODAL LOSS FACTORS OF A THICK THREE-LAYER CYLINDER

ABSTRACT Free vibration of damped three-layer sandwich cylinders with thick layers is considered. In particular, the effect of the different thicknesses for the middle layer on the overall natural frequencies and modal damping factors are studied. The constrained layer damping is accomplished by sandwiching a linear visco-elastic material between two isotropic elastic cylinders with the same properties. The governing equations are derived using the theory of elasto-dynamic, by employing complex elastic moduli for the sandwiched layer. Dimensionless natural frequencies and modal loss-factors for the first three thickness modes associated with wave numbers of n = 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 are tabulated for a range of thicknesses for the middle visco-elastic layer while keeping the thicknesses of inner and outer layers unchanged

Self-medication and its risk factors among women before and during pregnancy

Introduction: Self-medication can cause significant challenges for the individuals and community, especially in women during pregnancy. This study was aimed to compare the prevalence of self-medication before and during pregnancy among women in Iran.Methods: in this crosssectional study, a total of 384 pregnant women were evaluated for the prevalence of self-medication and its associated factors before and during pregnancy. Stratified random sampling was used as the sampling method. Descriptive statistics and chi-square and logistic regression tests were used for statistical analysis of data.Results: The results showed that the prevalence of self-medication, in women who had become ill at least once, was 63.9% before pregnancy and 43.5% and during pregnancy. Variables such as lack of insurance, high school education and not having a child increased odds ratio of self-medication before pregnancy, while the variables of lack of insurance, not having a child or fewer number of children and no history of abortion increased the odds ratio of self-medication during pregnancy.Conclusion: Although the prevalence of selfmedication during pregnancy was less than that before pregnancy, but this prevalence during pregnancy was still significant. Therefore, it seems necessary to provide public trainings for all women of reproductive age and train them about the dangers and side effects of self-medication.Keywords: Self medication, risk factors, pregnanc

Tracking the Functions of AI as Paradata & Pursuing Archival Accountability

While a familiar term in fields like social science research and digital cultural heritage, \u27paradata\u27 has not yet been introduced conceptually into the archival realm. In response to an increasing number of experiments with machine learning and artificial intelligence, the InterPARES Trust AI research group proposes the definition of paradata as \u27information about the procedure(s) and tools used to create and process information resources, along with information about the persons carrying out those procedures.\u27 The utilization of this concept in archives can help to ensure that AI-driven systems are designed from the outset to honor the archival ethic, and to aid in the evaluation of off-the-shelf automation solutions. An evaluation of current AI experiments in archives highlights opportunities for paradata-conscious practice

IMECE2005-81491 FREE TRANSVERSE VIBRATION OF THIN ROTATING DISKS -NONLINEAR ANALYSIS

ABSTRACT An analytical method is adopted to determine natural frequencies for a nonlinear spinning disk. The disk is assumed to be isotropic and rotating under steady state conditions. The effects of amplitude and rotating speed on natural frequencies are determined. The developed procedure is also capable of analyzing natural frequencies of linear free vibration, which is independent of amplitude. Attention is confined to determine natural frequencies for different numbers of nodal diameters. The developed procedure does not consider modes of vibration corresponding to nodal circles. Validity of this procedure is verified by comparing some of the computed results with those established for certain cases

MODAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SIMPLY SUPPORTED LIGHTWEIGHT LONG CYLINDERS

ABSTRACT In the sludy of flee vibration of solid cylinders a linear viscoelastic cylinder of an infinite length models the medium. The analytical modeling is based on three dimensional wave propagation utilizing constant complex moduli. The solution is achieved by determining the displacement and stress on the surface, and by complying with requirernents at the boundary. Analysis was conducted to express displacement stresses at any point of the solid cylinder to boundary stress. Dimensionless natural frequencies and mode shapes for different circumferential and axial wave numbers are determined