The Effect of Education Based on Health Belief Model on Health-Promotion Behaviors in Middle-Aged Women

Background & Objectives: Creating and developing health-promoting behaviors in middle-aged women has a potential impact on promoting their health and quality of life. Therefore, it is necessary to design appropriate educational interventions in this group. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of education based on health belief model on health-promotion behaviors in middle-aged women. Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was performed as an intervention in 2019 on 64 middle-aged women referring to two comprehensive health services centers in Mashhad. Data collection tools were a standard questionnaire of health-promotion behaviors and a researcher-made questionnaire based on the health belief model that was completed before and after training in two intervention and control groups. Independent t-test, paired t-test and Mann-Whitney U test were used. Results: Before the intervention, the two control and intervention groups were identical in terms of the mean overall score of health-promotion behaviors, however, one month after the intervention, the mean overall score of health-promotion behaviors and its dimensions in the intervention group was significantly higher than that in the control group. Conclusion: Education based on the health belief model can improve health-promotion behaviors. Thus, it is necessary for health care providers in health centers to be trained on using models of behavior change. Key¬words: Health Belief Model, Health-Promotion Behaviors, Middle-Aged Women, Education Citation: Fahimi Hesari F, Zendetalab H, Zare M, Behnam Vashani H. The Effect of Education Based on Health Belief Model on Health-Promotion Behaviors in Middle-Aged Women. Journal of Health Based Research 2020; 6(1): 83-98. [In Persian

The Effect of Peplau’s Model Application on Sleep Quality of Women Waiting for Breast Biopsy Results

Background & aim: During the waiting period for breast biopsy results, women experience sleep disorders. This study conducted to determine the effect of implementing Peplau’s model on sleep quality of women waiting for the results of breast biopsy.Methods: This randomized clinical trial was conducted in 2019 at two educational hospitals in Mashhad, Iran. Women who were eligible to enter the study were randomly assigned to the intervention (n=34) and control groups (n=34) by lottery method. The intervention group received a program based on the Peplau's model, included a face-to-face communication and three telephone follow-ups. The control group received conventional care. Data were collected using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, in three stages of before sampling, before and two weeks after receiving the results. Data were analyzed using Chi-square, t-test and the analysis of variance with repeated measures.Results: The mean score of sleep quality of women was 9.1 ± 3.2 in the intervention and 8.4 ± 2.6 in the control group before sampling. It was 8.2 ± 0.3 in the intervention and 8.3 ± 2.4 in the control group before receiving the result. However, two weeks after receiving result. It was 7.4 ± 2.7 in the intervention and 7.6 ± 2.8 in the control group. The analysis showed statistically significant difference between two groups in terms of sleep quality in different time periods (P=0.01).Conclusion: Considering the positive effect of the Peplau’s model application on improving the sleep quality, it is recommended to use this model especially in outpatient care settings

Effects of Yakson Therapeutic Touch and Heel Warming on Pain Caused by Heel Stick Procedure, Vital Signs, and Cry Duration in Full-term Neonates

Background: Neonates are more sensitive to pain and likely to suffer from its long-term complications. Therefore, various methods including non-nutritive sucking, sensory stimulations, and various supportive interventions are employed to relieve pain in newborns. Aim: This study aimed to compare the effects of Yakson therapeutic touch and heel warming on pain caused by heel stick procedure, vital signs, and cry duration in full-term neonates. Method: This randomized clinical trial was conducted among 78 full-term newborns referred to healthcare centers in Mashhad, Iran, 2017. They were assigned into three groups of Yakson theraputic touch, heel warming using a hot-water bottle with the temperature of 40°C, and control receiving routine care, through randomized block method. Then, vital signs before and after and pain intensity after heel-stick procedure were measured using Neonatal Infant Pain Scale (NIPS). Data analysis was performed using Kruskal-Wallis and Wilcoxon tests in SPSS software, version 16. Results: The study groups were homogeneous considering demographic characteristics. The results of Kruskal-Wallis test showed a significant difference between the groups regarding the mean scores of the NIPS at the post-intervention phase (P=0.02). However, no significant difference was observed between pre- and post-intervention phases in the groups considering respiratory and heart rates. Additionally, cry duration significantly reduced in the group that received Yakson therapeutic touch (P=0.03). Implications for Practice: The use of Yakson therapeutic touch could relieve pain, soothe the neonates, and shorten cry duration in newborns after heel stick procedure. Nevertheless, heel warming only increased up blood flow for easier blood sampling

The effect of cold application and lavender oil inhalation in cardiac surgery patients undergoing chest tube removal

Post-surgical chest tube removal (CTR) is associated with a significant pain and discomfort for patients. Current treatment strategies for reducing CTR-associated pain and anxiety are limited and partially efficacious. To determine the effects of cold application, inhalation of lavender essential oil, and their combination on pain and anxiety during CTR was investigated. This randomized controlled open-label trial was conducted with 80 p atients in the cardiac surgery intensive care unit who had a chest tube for duration of at least 24 hours after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Patients were randomized (n=20 in each group) to receive cold application, aromatherapy with lavender oil, cold application in combination with lavender oil inhalation, or none of the above interventions (control group). The intensity and quality of pain and anxiety were evaluated using the visual analogue scale, short form and modified-McGill pain questionnaire (SFM-MPQ) and the Spielberger situational anxiety level inventory (STAII) scale, respectively. Patients in all treatment groups had significantly lower pain intensity and anxiety compared with the control group immediately, 5, 10 and 15 min after CTR. There was no statistically significant difference in the SFM-MPQ total scores between the intervention groups. With respect to anxiety score, there was a significantly reduced anxiety level immediately after CTR in the aromatherapy and cold-aromatherapy combination groups versus the cold application group. The present results suggested the efficacy of cold application and aromatherapy with lavender oil in reducing pain and anxiety associated with post-CABG CTR

Effect of a Supportive Educational Program on Self-Efficacy of Mothers with Epileptic Children

Background: In the aftermath of de-institutionalisation and the move to community management of epilepsia, mothers play an increasing role in the management of the illness. Mothers often complain of being misinformed and ill equipped to aid in the treatment. Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a Supportive Educational Program on self-efficacy of mothers with epileptic children. Method: This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on two groups of 50 mothers with epileptic children admitted to Ghaem Hospital in the city of Mashhad in 2014. Maternal self-efficacy was measured before and 6 weeks after intervention through Steffen’s Revised Scale for Caregiving Self-Efficacy as the research instrument. The Supportive Educational Program was implemented for the experimental group during five 60-minute sessions with an interval of 4 days. The control group received the routine care. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software (version 11.5). Results: The mean age of mothers in the experimental and control groups were 32.8±6.9 and 32.8±6.8 years, respectively. The findings of the independent t-test revealed significant differences between the two control (47.4±15.06) and experimental (66.5±11.5) groups following the intervention (

Effects of Supportive Educational Program on Anxiety of Mothers of Children Undergoing the Lumbar Puncture (LP)

Background: Lumbar Puncture test is one of the most stressful diagnostic procedures in pediatric ward that its prescription put mothers under extreme pressure. There are limited interventions in this regard. Aim: determining the impact of supportive educational program on the anxiety of mothers whose children are undergoing lumbar puncture (LP). Method: the present study is a randomized controlled clinical trial carried out in 2015. Sixty mothers of children undergoing lumbar puncture and hospitalized 3educational hospitals of Mashhad, Iran, were randomly divided to control group (n=30) and intervention group (n=30). The intervention group received supportive program during a session of 60 min. Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) was selected as the research tool. Finally, data were analyzed by Chi-square test, independent t-test using SPSS v.16 software. Results: The mean age of the mothers was 27.3±5.3 and 26.0±3.1, respectively. The mean pre-interventions maternal manifest anxiety was 51.9±6.2 and 53.4±4.3 out of 80, respectively, in the intervention and control groups. The mean post-interventions maternal manifest anxiety was 44.9±5.1 and 52.7±4.2, respectively, in the intervention and control groups. According to the results of independent t-test, significant difference was observed statistically for the mean maternal manifest anxiety between the two groups (p> 0.001). Implications for Practice: Regarding the reduction of maternal anxiety in the intervention group, which is possible because of the attention to the emotional needs of mothers, in addition to proper training; this program can be considered as an effective method to reduce maternal anxiety before the LP test

Comparing the Effects of Continuous Care Model and Psychological Support Training Package on Self-Care in Patients with Bipolar I Disorder

Background: Despite the growing prevalence of bipolar I disorder (BD-I), implementation of continuous care after hospital discharge in these patients is limited. Aim: To compare the effects of continuous care model (CCM) and psychological support training package (PSTP) on self-care in patients with BD-I. Method: This clinical trial was conducted during 2017-2018 on 90 BD-I patients admitted to Ibn-Sina Psychiatric Hospital in Mashhad, Iran. CCM and PSTP designed in the form of a CD and a manual were implemented (within 12 weeks) to intervention groups. A control group received the routine care. The research instrument was Roldan-Merino Self-Care Requisites Scale completed before and two months following the intervention. To analyze the data, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was run in SPSS, version 16. Results: The two study groups were homogeneous in terms of demographic characteristics. The results of one-way ANOVA before the intervention revealed no significant difference among the three groups considering self-care mean scores (P=0.52); however, this variable was significantly different among the groups following the intervention (

The Effect of Motivational Abdominal Breathing Device on Breathing Patterns and Shortness of Breath in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Background and purpose: Despite the high prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, There haven,t been definite curative treatment for the disease and focus of treatment has directed towards pulmonary rehabilitation as an effective non-drug treatments. this study were performed to determine the effect of motivational abdominal breathing device on breathing pattern and dyspnea of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Materials and methods: This study is a clinical trial done in 2015 on 70 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease admitted to Samen alaeme hospital, CHENARAN city. Patients were assigned to two groups of 35 persons, Intervention and control. groups did exercises at home twice a day for two weeks. The dyspnea, respiratory rate and depth of breathing, before, seventh day and after the intervention was measured by spirometry and dyspnea NRS scale. Data analysis was performed by SPSS version 11.5 using t-test, Mann-Whitney and repeated measures analysis. Results: The results showed that difference in respiratory rate before and after intervention (P=0/78) did not change significantly between two groups. But difference before and after the intervention, depth of breathing and before and after intervention of dyspnea were significantly changed in both groups (

Effects of Motor Development Stimulation on Anthropometric Indices of Infants Aged 1-12 Months in Foster Care Homes

Background: The first three years of life have a pivotal role in growth and development of infants. Extra-uterine environment largely affects brain development of infants during the first year of life.However,no specific programs are available for brain development stimulation in foster homes. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of motor development stimulation package on anthropometric indices of infants staying in foster homes. Method: This experimental study was conducted on 50 infants aged 1-12 months at Ali Asghar foster home of Mashhad, Iran in 2013. Infants were randomly divided into two groups of intervention (n=25) and control (n=25). Motor development stimulation packages were used for intervention group three times a week for eight consecutive weeks (24 sessions, two hours each). Anthropometric indices of infants were evaluated using standard instruments before and after intervention. Data analysis was performed in SPSS V.11.5 using independent T-test and Mann-Whitney U test. Results: In this study, mean age of infants in intervention and control groups was 6.04±3.48 and 4.3±3.70 months, respectively. In total, 68% of infants were male, and 32% were female. After intervention, Mann-Whitney test results showed no statistically significant difference in height (P=0.47) and head circumference (P=0.11) of infants between the groups. However, independent T-test showed a statistically significant difference in body weight of infants (P=0.007) between the groups after intervention with the stimulation care package. Implications for Practice: According to the results of this study, use of evidence-based motor development stimulation package for eight weeks resulted in increased weight of infants, while it had no effect on height and head circumference. Therefore, it is recommended that complementary studies be conducted in this regard

Effect of Resistance Training using Thera-Band on Muscular Strength and Quality of Life among the Elderly

Background: Lack of mobility and motor impairments can intensify mental health problems in the elderly. Muscle weakness is one of the most important cause of fall in the old individuals. Muscular performance is regarded as one of the significant components of quality of life in older adults. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the effect of resistance training using Thera-Band on muscular strength and quality of life among the elderly. Method: This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 70 elderly people referring to the health centers of Mashhad in 2016. The participants were randomly assigned into two groups of intervention and control. The intervention group was subjected to lower- and upper-extremity resistance training with Thera-Band performed two thirty-minute sessions a week for six weeks. However, the control group did not receive any training. Data collection was performed using a dynamometer and the short version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life. The data were analyzed in SPSS version 16 using independent t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, paired t-test, Chi-square test, and exact Chi-square. Results: The mean ages of the individuals in the intervention and control groups were 69.7±6.1 and 77.2±6.2 years, respectively. After intervention, the mean scores of quality of life (P>0.001) and muscular strength in the upper and lower extremities (P>0.001) were significantly higher in the intervention group than those in the control group. Implications for Practice: Resistance training with Thera-Band could enhance muscular strength and improve quality of life in the elderly. It was concluded that the promotion of this exercise program could have a positive effect on the muscular strength and quality of life among this population