Clinical Supervision in Nursing Education: Definitions and Models

Introduction: Clinical supervision, as a mechanism for promoting knowledge and professional skills of nurses, is a core activity in nursing practice. To use clinical supervision in nursing education, it is necessary to have a comprehensive understanding of definitions and models. This paper explains the role and models of clinical supervision in nursing education. Methods: This study is a narrative review of the literature. It was conducted through Internet search in Pubmed and Science direct & Scopus. Using supervision nursing education, nursing administration, and supervisory as the key words, only English papers were searched for. Finally 47 articles, books and Persian article in the field of clinical supervision were reviewed. Results: Based on the literature review, clinical supervision is a continuous & systematic process through it nurses get advice from their supervisors. They practically review, maintain, and develop skills, knowledge, and standards of care. It helps to identify educational needs of nurses, which in turn, helps to understand the strengths and weaknesses of teaching and learning in order to promote purposeful learning in nurses. Conclusion: Findings show clinical supervision is a formal process. it has supportive and educational potential for nursing education. This can help last year nursing students and especially during the start-up work

Spatial assessment and number of bicycle stations in an educational setting (case study: Iran University of Science and Technology

Universities are scientific and educational spaces with a focus on young influentials. In this regard, the importance of attention and design for this group of society is obvious to everyone. Moreover, due to today’s neutral and sedentary lifestyle which causes many harms and problems for individuals and society, the need of creating mobility and motivating people to do sports activities is of great importance. For this purpose, according to the capability of the available space on the campus and the above-mentioned issues, it was decided to study the grounds for establishing a bicycle station at the university. This study aimed to provide a suitable location for bicycle stations in the university and determine the appropriate number of bicycles for students to use. Data was collected through articles, questionnaires, field observations, and LMS (e-learning management system). The questionnaire was conducted in two stages. In the first stage, 217 students participated to assess the need for a bicycle station, and the second phase of the survey was conducted by 4 experts (Industrial Design Professors) to classify the criteria related to determining the location of stations. During the studies and questionnaires, 13 spots were determined for the stations in which 6 bicycles can be positioned in each statio