Kawasaki Disease Presenting as Acute Clinical Hepatitis

Kawasaki disease is a systemic vasculitis of children. Among gastrointestinal symptoms of this disease jaundice occurs uncommonly. We present a 23 month boy with icter and clinical hepatitis and final diagnosis of kawasaki disease

Evaluation of Parental Attitudes toward Lumbar Puncture in their Children

Introduction:   Sometimes physicians need to assess some markers on selected children's cerebrospinal fluid specimen according to lumbar puncture (LP). Although immediate diagnosis and treatment especially for meningitis is necessary, But just at this moment, due to some incorrect believe in society, some parents may not allow physician to do LP. The reality is that most of these people, if they have enough information about this issue, will not interfere. This study aimed to assess parent 's knowledge and attitudes toward this subject.   Materials and Method: Through a cross - sectional study we evaluated 91 parents, who their child must been undergone LP as physician’s decision, selected during 18 months using purposive sampling. The data collection tool was a questionnaire including two sections of the child and the parents' knowledge and attitudes.  Scientific validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by content validity. To achieve the objectives, SPSS ver.15 and descriptive statistics and chi-square test were used.   Results: 61 parents(67%)  mentioned   fear of some side effects as the main reason of their children 's  LP discontent .The most important  cause of  fear was low back pain according to  50 (54.9%) parents 's view. 70 parents (76.9%) had some satisfaction after performing  LP .There was  statistically significant difference between proportion of satisfied parents and non-satisfied ones (

Synbiotic in the management of infantile colic: A randomised controlled trial

Aim Infant colic is a frequent problem affecting up to 10-30% of infants in first 3 months of life. Results from previous trials have shown that manipulation of gut microbiota can lead to symptomatic improvements. In a randomised clinical trial, we aimed to determine efficacy of synbiotic in reducing average infant crying time at day 7 and day 30 after starting intervention. Methods Fifty breastfed infants aged 15-120 days with infantile colic randomly assigned to receive either the synbiotic sachet containing 1 billion CFU of: Lactobacillus casei, L. rhamnosus, Streptococcus thermophilus, Bifidobacterium breve, L. acidophilus, B. infantis, L. bulgaricus and fructooligosacharide (Protexin Healthcare, Somerset, UK), or placebo daily for 30 days. Parents were asked to record details of crying times in a symptoms diary. The primary outcome measure was the treatment success (reduction in the daily crying time >50%) and the secondary outcome measure was symptom resolution (reduction in the daily crying time >90%). Results The treatment success was significantly higher in synbiotic group (82.6%) compared with placebo (35.7%) at day 7 (P < 0.005). At day30, treatment success was 87% and 46% in synbiotic and placebo group, respectively (P < 0.01). Symptom resolution was also higher in synbiotic group (39%) compared with placebo (7%) at day 7 (P < 0.03) but not at day 30 (56% vs.36%, P = 0.24). We encountered no complication related to synbiotic use. Conclusion This synbiotic (a mixture of seven probiotic strains plus FOS) significantly improved colic symptoms in comparison with placebo

Probiotic or Conventional Yogurt for Treating Antibiotic-associated Diarrhea: A Clinical Trial Study

Background The popularity of probiotics is on the rise. Despite the beneficial effects of antibiotics, gastrointestinal health is at risk of diarrhea. This study aimed to investigate whether probiotic yogurt is of capability to prevent the incidence of diarrhea versus conventional yogurt. Materials and Methods This controlled, randomized, double-blind trial was designed to recruit 48 hospitalized children, whose treatments included different types of antibiotics. They were subsequently assigned into a 1:1 ratio into groups A and B at random. The first group was instructed to consume probiotic yogurt (Bifidobacterium strains and Lactobacillus acidophilus), while the second were on conventional yogurt (placebo containing Streptococcus thermophiles and Lactobacillus bulgaricus) at least for 7 days. The incidence of diarrhea, its onset and duration were compared between the two groups. Results The findings indicated that there was no statistically significant difference between the experimental and control groups (p > 0.05). No significant decrease was observed in the incidence of diarrhea between the groups following adjustment for negative C-reactive protein (CRP) (p > 0.05). Conclusion According to the results, the consumption of yogurt, either probiotic or conventional, reduced the incidence, duration, and onset of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in pediatric population. This study showed no significantly better performance for probiotic yogurt than conventional yogurt