POVIJEST, KNJIŽEVNOST I DJETINJSTVO: SUSRETIŠTA I MIMOILAZIŠTA

The paper presents and interprets the reception of the history of childhood in literary studies. More specifically, it discusses the circumstances and the principles of accepting Philippe Ariès\u27 study in the works on the subject of children\u27s literature. Special attention is given to the approval with which literary scholars dealing with children\u27s literature have treated Ariès\u27 deductions and conclusions. Possible theoretical foundations for this approval are examined on the example of Zohar Shavit\u27s article, which deals with the relationship between several variants of the Little Red Riding Hood and the historically different concepts of childhood. The paper discusses the problems of treating the context as a stable and clearly delimited element of literary analysis, the problems of understanding literature as an illustration of the social norms, the problem of a cause-effect understanding of the relationship between history and society. Finally, the paper discusses the problems of understanding literature as an entirely produced rather than a productive social force.U članku se prikazuje i interpretira recepcija povijesti djetinjstva u području proučavanja književnosti, odnosno, raspravlja se o uvjetima i načelima udomaćivanja studije Philippea Arièsa u radovima o dječjoj književnosti. Pritom se posebna pozornost posvećuje blagonaklonosti proučavatelja dječje književnosti prema Arièsovim izvodima i zaključcima. Na primjeru članka Zohar Shavit – zaokupljenog odnosom između nekoliko inačica Crvenkapice i povijesno različitih koncepcija djetinjstva – propituju se moguća teorijska uporišta te blagonaklonosti. Problematizira se odnos prema kontekstu kao prema stabilnom i jasno odredivom elementu analize književnog fenomena, shvaćanje književnosti kao ilustracije društvenih formi, zatim uzročno-posljedično poimanje odnosa između književnosti i društva te, konačno, razumijevanje književnosti kao isključivo proizvedene, a ne i proizvodne društvene snage

A Generation Gap of Another Kind

This is a book review of The Mighty Child. Time and Power in Children’s Literature. The book was written by Clémentine Beauvais. The book focuses on the temporal otherness of the adult and the child, their belonging to different temporalities and the outcomes of that belonging

Children\u27s Folklore between Survival and Barrier

Polazeći od uloge koju je dječji folklor imao pri inauguraciji riječi folklor, autorica se zadržava na interpretacijama dječjih igara u drugoj polovici 19. stoljeća. Nakon osvrta na višestruka ishodišta folklorističkog interesa za djecu u 1970-im i 1980-im godinama, bavi se tragovima evolucijskih teorija kulture devetnaestog stoljeća u radovima iz toga razdoblja.Proceeding from the role of children\u27s folklore in the inauguration of the term folklore, the author concentrates on interpretations of children\u27s games in the second half of the 19th century. In reference to multiple sources of folkloristic interest in children during the 1970s and 1980s, she deals with traces of 19th century evolutionary theories of culture in the works of that period

Subscription lists as a paratext: from social hierarchy to an imagined community

The article explores the idea of interpreting a subscription list as a historically specific element of the book. On the example of lists related to the Croatian context, using the analytical category of paratext devised by Gérard Genette, the article identifies the basic temporal, spatial, substantial, pragmatic and functional features of a subscription list. Extrapolated features are interpreted from the perspective of book history and cultural and social history, fostering themes such as the relationship of literature and the economy, art patronage and subscription, creating a literary audience and nation-buildin

Forest, forest, forest. Sometimes we sleep. Walking, sleep, walking, sleep. It’s dangerous on this way. Naoružani migrantski krajolici na periferiji Europske unije

Hidden migrant routes through Croatia lead through forest areas (among other types of terrain) which include those along state borders, but also forests in the interior of the territory. Those forests can variously be seen as shelters for migrants, albeit harsh, or as green tunnels leading to desired destinations, and as scenes of suffering and violence. This article approaches the forests in question as landscapes that have been transformed from a neutral natural environment into active factors for creating and maintaining border control regimes and deterring and expelling unwanted migrants. Based on our long-term field research and publicly available (archival, media and other) sources, we seek to document, interpret, and interconnect the objects and practices involved in constructing the forest as a hostile terrain and perilous environment for migrants, and as an important element in controlling unwanted migrations. These are, on the one hand, objects and practices that intervene into forests, such as setting up cameras or cutting down trees, and, on the other, interventions that take place in forests, such as police interception or expulsion. Apart from these external interventions, in this context of remodeling forests into dangerous environments, one can also discuss the role of nature itself and its characteristics, as well as the causes of why migrants find themselves in nature in the first place. Although, at first glance, it seems that people on the move choose the forest as the place and route of their movement of their own volition, they are pushed and expelled into these forests by exclusionary policies (visa regimes, asylum systems, etc.). This, ultimately, classifies forests in Croatia as weaponized landscapes of exclusion and death, such as the desert (e.g., De León 2015), mountain (Del Biaggio et al. 2020), maritime (e.g., Albahari 2015) or archipelago (Mountz 2017) landscapes.Skriveni migrantski putevi kroz Hrvatsku vode, među ostalim, i kroz šumske predjele koji uključuju šumska područja uz državne granice, ali i šume u unutrašnjosti teritorija. Šume se može vidjeti kao, makar i surova, skloništa za migrante ili kao zelene tunele koji vode do željenih odredišta, ali i kao poprišta stradanja i nasilja. Članak šumama o kojima je riječ pristupa kao krajolicima koji su od nepristranog prirodnog okoliša pretvoreni u aktivne činitelje stvaranja i održavanja režima kontrole granice, odvraćanja i istjerivanja neželjenih migranata. Na temelju višegodišnjih terenskih istraživanja i javno dostupnih (arhivskih, medijskih i drugih) izvora nastojimo dokumentirati, interpretirati i povezati predmete i prakse koji sudjeluju u konstruiranju šume kao neprijateljskog terena i opasnog okruženja za migrante i kao važnog elementa u kontroli neželjenih migracija. Riječ je s jedne strane o predmetima i praksama kojima se intervenira u šume, poput postavljanja kamera ili sječe stabala te s druge strane o intervencijama u šumama, poput policijskog presretanja ili protjerivanja. Osim o tim intervencijama izvana u kontekstu kreiranja šume kao opasnog okruženja može se govoriti i o ulozi same prirode i njezinih osobina, kao i o uzrocima migrantskog bivanja u prirodi. Iako se na prvi pogled čini da ljudi u pokretu sami biraju šumu za mjesto i trasu svojeg kretanja, oni su politikama isključenja (viznim režimom, azilnim sustavom i dr.) u nju gurnuti i istjerani. Time se, u konačnici, i šume u Hrvatskoj svrstavaju u naoružane krajolike isključenja i smrti poput onih pustinjskih (npr. De León 2015), planinskih (Del Biaggio et al. 2020), maritimnih (npr. Albahari 2015) ili arhipelaških (npr. Mountz 2017)

Orality for Children in Croatian Ethnology and Folkloristics

Interes hrvatske etnologije i folkloristike za usmenost za djecu u ovom se radu institucionalno, epistemološki i svjetonazorski kontekstualizira na dvjema razinama – razini povijesti istraživanja djece i istraživanja usmenosti. Nakon interpretacije uvjeta i implikacija nevidljivosti usmenosti za djecu u radovima o dječjem folkloru, a zatim i u radovima o usmenoj književnosti, u radu se propituju mogućnosti, odnosno zadanosti interpretacije starijih etnoloških i folklorističkih tekstova kao izvora za raspravu o usmenosti za djecu u tradicijskim sredinama na prijelazu iz 19. u 20. stoljeće.children is in this article contextualized institutionally, epistemologically and referentially on two levels – the level of the history of the research of children, especially children’s folklore and the level of the history of research of oral forms, especially oral literature. After interpreting the conditions and implications of theoretical visibility and analytical invisibility of orality for children in the writings on children and children’s folklore from the 1970s, the article offers the interpretation of the conditions and implications of only slightly more pronounced interest for orality for children in the field of oral literature. The (in)visibility of orality for children in the writings on children’s folklore can be explained in relation to Croatian reception of contextual folkloristics, i.e., the focus of those research attempts on the interpretation of folklore as communication in small groups. The non-existence of systematic research of children folklore in 1980s can be justified by specific institutional and individual preferences but also by the inclination to phantom children as economically, politically and symbolically marginal subjects. (Non)interest in orality for children under the frameworks of the research of orality, i.e. oral literature, is in turn contextualized in the relation to the already mentioned marginal status of children, but also in relation to the recent focus of ethnology and folkloristics on the historical levels and cultural practices of the past, and hence, elder informants. However, the observed ‘visibilities’ of orality for children in the research of oral literature are the staring points of the concluding part of this article, which questions the possibilities, i.e. characteristics and possible interpretations of ethnological and folkloristic writings as the sources for the analysis of orality for children in traditional culture in the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century

A NEVER ENDING STORY? PERMUTATIONS OF “SNOW WHITE AND ROSE RED” NARRATIVE AND ITS RESEARCH ACROSS TIME AND SPACE

Varijantnost je od samih početaka istraživanja bajki uživala status privilegirane teme, pri čemu se analitička pozornost najčešće usmjeravala na tekstualnu razinu. U članku se na primjeru bajke “Schneeweißchen und Rosenrot” Wilhelma Grimma i njezina doslovnog hrvatskog prijevoda (“Bielka i Rumenka” Mijata Stojanovića) te njihove prezentacije u najnovijem izdanju znamenitog međunarodnog kataloga pripovijedaka (The Types of International Folktales) istražuju mogućnosti interpretativnog pomaka s teksta na paratekst. Riječ je, naime, o bajci koju je prema književnom predlošku napisao te u trećem, tzv. malom izdanju, Kinder- und Hausmärchen (1833.) objavio Wilhelm Grimm, a koju je zatim u doslovnom prijevodu, ali ne navodeći izvor, Mijat Stojanović uvrstio u Narodne pripo­viedke (1879.), najstariju zbirku tog tipa u hrvatskoj dječjoj književnosti. Osvrtom na paratekstualne strategije i očitovanja Grimmova i Stojanovićeva teksta u članku se iznose ključne odrednice proizvodnje tzv. narodnih bajki i bajki za djecu u 19. stoljeću. Shvaćanja nacije, narodne književnosti, dječje književnosti, autorstva i dr. iščitavaju se iz inicijalnih reprezentacija i reakcija na Grimmov i Stojanovićev tekst, a prezentacija njihovih tekstova u međunarodnom katalogu kao dviju varijanti istoga tipa bajke u zaključku se ne promatra kao tehnička greška, nego kao poticaj za raspravu o ishodištima, mogućnostima, ali u nekim primjerima i gotovo nepremostivim ograničenjima tog tipa folklorističkog znanja.The article discusses the presumptions, interdependences and paradoxes of representations of folktales in 19th century literary collections (Wilhelm and Jacob Grimm Kinder- und Hausmärchen and Mijat Stojanović Narodne pripoviedke) and contemporary scholarly works. The focus is on paratextual and epitextual differences as markers of ideological and epistemological background of Wilhelm Grimm’s “Schneeweißchen und Rosenrot” and its verbatim Croatian translation “Bielka i Rumenka” by Mijat Stojanović. In the conclusion, representation (definition and concordance) of Grimm’s text and its verbatim translation in the latest edition of The Types of International Folktales is discussed regarding the blurring borders between the oral and written, text and research in folk narrative research