Denitrifying bacterial communities vary with soil N in canola fields

Non-Peer Reviewe

Abundance and diversity of AM fungal communities associated with agricultural factors

Non-Peer Reviewe

Agronomic practices influence soil biodiversity with strong feedback to plant growth

Non-Peer Reviewe

Multiple case-study analysis of quality management practices within UK Six Sigma and non-Six Sigma manufacturing small- and medium-sized enterprises

This paper examines multiple case-study analysis of quality management practices within UK Six Sigma and non-Six Sigma manufacturing small- and medium-sized enterprises

Fungicide effects on N2-fixing bacteria and N2-fixation in chickpea

Non-Peer ReviewedFungicide application in field crops have unexpected non-target effects on the agroecosystem. Molecular methods (polymerase chain reaction – denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and cloning technology) were used to test the effects of four fungicide application programs targeting Ascochyta blight (Ascochyta rabiei) on the N2-fixing bacterial communities associated with two chickpea cultivars, and on chickpea nodulation. Treatments were replicated four times in complete blocks in the field, in 2008 and 2009. Results showed the richness of the N2-fixing bacterial communities did not change significantly (P > 0.05, data didn’t shown) with fungicide application, but different intensities of fungicide application selected different dominant N2-fixing taxa, as revealed by Correspondence Analysis (CA) of DNA sequences. Genotypes of chickpea cultivars significantly affected both the richness and composition of the N2-fixing bacterial communities, as revealed by results of CA. Both fungicide and crop genotype affected nodulation scores of chickpea based on ANOVA results (P < 0.001 for nodulation scores test and P = 0.04 for fixed N test), reflecting impacts on nitrogen fixation. Redundancy analysis (RDA) also revealed significant relationships (P = 0.014) among fixed nitrogen, nodulation scores and identified rhizosphere N2-fixing bacteria. Based on these results, we conclude that both the foliar fungicide applications and chickpea genotype can affect the composition and function of N2-fixing bacterial community in chickpea field

Association of chickpea root with soil fungi: a comparison of cultivars

Non-Peer ReviewedField crops influence soil microbiota, impacting the health status and productivity of cropping systems. We conducted a two year field experiment using thirteen genotypes of chickpea and applied deep amplicon pyrosequencing to verify whether plant genetics control the fungal community of the root endosphere. We obtained 63796 sequences of ITS1F/ITS2 and 52129 of 18S rDNA gene clustered into 127 non-mycorrhizal and 89 mycorrhizal operational taxonomic units (OTUs), respectively. Plant genotype and year (soil and weather) had significant effects on the fungal community of chickpea root endosphere. The desi genotypes had higher levels of mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal fungal richness and diversity than kabuli genotypes. This study reveals a "genotype effect" of chickpea on the soil microbiota and indicates the possibility to improve the performance of this crop through the selection of genotypes with improved root fungal communities

The effects of dark septate endophytic fungi on chickpea drought tolerance

Non-Peer ReviewedDark septate endophytic (DSE) fungi represent a diverse group of root-colonizing fungal species that are common in environments with strong abiotic stress, such as semiarid prairie regions where their abundance in roots can exceed mycorrhizal fungi. Some DSE fungal species have the ability to benefit host plant growth under water stress conditions. Here we tested the effects of 49 DSE species on chickpea biomass growing under water limiting condition. Three DSE fungal species including Hypocrea lixii, Geomyces vinaceus and Mortierella alpina significantly increased the biomass of chickpea. However the majority of the DSE species did not significantly affect plant biomass and some species decreased that

A study of fungal biodiversity in the root of durum wheat, chickpea, and pea in agro-ecosystems of Saskatchewan

Non-Peer Reviewe

Pulse-wheat rotation: pulse crops effects on wheat endophytic bacteria, and feedback on wheat yield

Non-Peer ReviewedCrop rotation is a common cultivation strategy and the legacy of a previous crop on biotic soil properties could feedback on the productivity of the following crop due to the mutual influence existing between plants and their biological environment. Polymerase chain reaction and 454 GS FLX pyrosequencing of amplicons were used in this study to determine the effects of genotype and termination time of previous pulse crops on the productivity and endophytic bacterial community colonizing the roots of durum wheat. In 2008-09, when chickpea plants (late maturing plant) were terminated as early as yellow pea (In July), all three genotypes of chickpea passed a sol biota to durum wheat that formed endophytic bacterial community which was similar to that formed following yellow pea, an early maturing plant. These four endophytic bacterial communities were different from those formed in wheat roots following late-terminated chickpea crops. Additionally, late terminated pulse crops (September) led to the formation of endophytic bacterial communities highly dominated by Firmicutes. These communities were less diverse than those formed after early-terminated pulse crops, which were dominated by Actinobacteria. High durum wheat yield was associated with the production of fewer heads m-2 and with the abundance of endophytic Actinobacteria and Acidobacteria. In contrast, low grain yield was associated with the abundance of endophytic Firmicutes. The effect of termination time was weak in 2009-2010, which was probably overridden by the extremely high amount of precipitation received during this period. The results demonstrate an important biotic legacy of crop termination time in agro-ecosystems, by influencing the endophytic bacterial colonization on the following crop. Environmental conditions appear as a key factor for the expression of this effect of crop termination time in agroecosystems

Hubungan Tingkat Kecemasan Dengan Mekanisme Koping Pada Penderita Diabetes Melitus Tipe II Di Poliklinik Penyakit Dalam Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Tobelo Kabupaten Halmahera Utara

. Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that has a negative impact on psychological well-being of patients, the psychological effects such as anxiety. Anxiety is a reaction to the disease as perceived as a threat, discomfort. Coping mechanism is a method to adapt to the changes that occur. The purpose of the study was to determine the level of anxiety is there a relationship with coping mechanisms in patients with type II diabetes mellitus in internal medicine clinic Tobelo hospital. The design of this study using cross-sectional approach. Sample of 32 people, with purposive sampling method. Data were collected by interview using a questionnaire. The results of the study found a 12,5% rate of mild anxiety, medium anxiety 43,8%, severe anxiety 43,8% and adaptive coping mechanism 62,5%, maladaptive coping 37,5% . The results of hypothesis testing with Chi Square test shows that the value of p = 0,002, p is less than α (0,05) . Conclusion that there is a relationship anxiety levels with coping mechanisms in patients with type II diabetes mellitus