Aktivitas Ekstrak Biji Tanaman Mindi Melia Azedarach (L.) Terhadap Spodoptera Litura (F.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Activity of Melia azedarach (L.) seed extract against armyworm Spodoptera litura (F.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). This study was conducted to evaluate the effectivenes and biological activity of Melia azedarach L. (Meliaceae) seed extract against armyworm, Spodoptera litura F. The first instar larvae were fed extract-treated cotton leaves for 2 days, then were maintained on untreated leaves until the third instar stage. Records were kept in regard to the larvae mortality and developmental time of surviving larvae from first instar to third instar. The result showed that Melia azedarach L. seed extract at consentration of 50 g of seeds/l of water (5%) exhibited moderate insecticidal activity against S. litura larvae (43.33 - 68.33% mortality). Addition of detergen at 0.2% to extract did not increase insecticidal activity of the extract. However, boiling seed extract at consentration of 50 g of seeds/l of water (5%) during 10 until 20 minutes increased insecticidal activity of extract (66.67 - 68.33% mortality). Generally, M. azedarach seed extract treatment did not affect developmental time of S. litura larvae

Effect of Oocyte Vitrification Before and After in Vitro Maturation Towards Bcl-2, Bax and Bcl-2/Bax Ratio Expression

Objectives: to compare the expression of Bcl-2, Bax and Bcl-2/Bax ratio in cumulus cell and oocyte between vitrified oocyte pre and post in vitro maturation.Materials and Methods: Maturation was operated in medium TC 100 µl for 24 hours. Vitrification begins with washing oocyte in PBS basic medium supplemented of 20% serum for 1-2 minutes, followed by equilibration medium PBS + 20% serum + 10% ethylene glycol for 10-14 minutes, then transferred to 20% serum + PBS + 0.5 M sucrose + 15% ethylene glycol + PROH 15% for 25-30 seconds. Thawing is processed by submerging the oocytes in the media: 1). PBS + 20% serum + 0.5 M sucrose, 2). PBS + 20% serum + 0.25 M sucrose, and 3). PBS + 20% serum + 0.1 M sucrose. Imunocytochemistry observed the expression of Bcl-2, bax and Bcl-2/bax ratio.Results: Bcl-2 expression on oocyte in control group differed significantly with treatment group, Bcl-2 expression on cumulus in control group differed significantly with treatment 1 group. Bax expression on oocyte in control group differed significantly with treatment group. Bax expression on cumulus in control group differed significantly with treatment group. Bcl-2/Bax expression ratio on oocyte and cumulus did not differ significantly in all groupConclusion: No difference Bcl-2/Bax expression ratio on oocyte and cumulus between vitrified oocyte pre and post in vitro maturation

Wind Power Generator for Small Scale Fish Processing Unit at Coastal Area in Aceh, Indonesia

This paper presents a wind power technology used to generate electricity forsmall scale fish processing unit. The units consist of ice machines, green house solar dryer, fish smoke house and utilities. A 10 kW wind turbine system were installed in 2010 at Lancang Paru village, Pidie Jaya. Total number of energy required for small scale fish processing unit are calculated. Initial test shown that wind power generator able to produce maximum power of 5 kW at 4 m/s wind speed. This wind turbine is enough to provide electricity for small scale fish processing uni