Hexuronsaeuren und Folgeprodukte aus Disacchariden Abschlussbericht

1. Oxidation of saccharides and derivatives can be done classically employing a number of various reagents and an extended protecting group chemistry to guarantee the selectivity. 2. Aim of the present study was the elaboration of ultrasound-enhanced catalytic oxidations of disaccharide derivatives. 3. Glycosyl phosphates and in particular long-chained glycosides of the APG-type can be oxidized very efficiently to give the corresponding uronic acid derivatives. Similarly, the preparation of oxidized glycoglycero conjugates could be achieved. Regioselective oxidations could be performed with trehalose, cellobiose and lactose. 4. With regard to upscaling in some cases further studies are required. Separation of oxidized products from starting materials was sometimes difficult, the spectroscopic structure assignment of the products was clearly feasible. 5. These studies led to effective developments of the methodology. The results could be documented in a series of publications and were presented to the interested industrial partner. Thus, at large the essential part of the goals could be reached. Further work will have to center on process technical problems in upscaling approaches. (orig.)SIGLEAvailable from TIB Hannover: DtF QN1(24,31) / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekBundesministerium fuer Forschung und Technologie (BMFT), Bonn (Germany)DEGerman

Saccharid-Chemie. Teilvorhaben: Methodische und vergleichende Untersuchungen der Glycosidierungsreaktion zur Synthese von Sacchariden mit neuen funktionellen Eigenschaften Schlussbericht

SIGLEAvailable from TIB Hannover: DtF QN1(25,35) / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekBundesministerium fuer Forschung und Technologie (BMFT), Bonn (Germany)DEGerman

Chemische Synthese von potentiellen Enzym-Inhibitoren oder Modulatoren zur Aufklaerung von Teilschritten des Glycoconjugat Metabolismus Schlussbericht

Available from TIB Hannover: DtF QN1(25,36) / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEBundesministerium fuer Forschung und Technologie (BMFT), Bonn (Germany)DEGerman

The modification of radar signals by organic sea slicks Final report

The ultimate goal of the present investigation was the classification of organic surface films by determining their viscoelastic parameters with the help of multi-frequency radar techniques. This aim has been approached by the following strategy: laboratory measurements which included chemical and physicochemical characterization of the system slick/vicinal water layer. As a consequence of this endeavour, about 24 different slick-forming materials were selected. Wind-wave-tank experiments were performed using these 24 substances, nine of which were chosen for further investigations on the open sea. During the SAXON-FPN experiments these nine slick-forming substances and, in addition, a mixture of compounds, were disseminated on the sea surface and overflown by the airplanes and the HELISCAT which were available during the respective campaignsSIGLEAvailable from TIB Hannover: D.Dt.F. QN1(5,19) / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekBundesministerium fuer Forschung und Technologie (BMFT), Bonn (Germany)DEGerman

Neue Charakterisierungsmethoden von Polysacchariden. Teilvorhaben: Methodenentwicklung zur Bestimmung der Substituentenverteilung von Cellulose-und Staerkederivaten Schlussbericht

SIGLEAvailable from TIB Hannover: F96B1646+a / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekBundesministerium fuer Bildung, Wissenschaft, Forschung und Technologie, Bonn (Germany)DEGerman

Polysaccharidforschung. Analytische Charakterisierung von chemisch modifizierten Polysacchariden Schlussbericht

SIGLEAvailable from TIB Hannover: DtF QN1(32,32) / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekBundesministerium fuer Forschung und Technologie (BMFT), Bonn (Germany)DEGerman

Gutachten ueber Umweltvertraeglichkeit von Connexol-BIO-TOP-SKH-80

TIB: FR 4956 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEDEGerman

Inhibitoren und Modulation des Glykokonjugatmetabolismus durch Zuckeranaloga und Untersuchung einiger dadurch bedingter biologischer Eigenschaften Schlussbericht

1. Components of the cell surface are intimately connected with any processes of cellular information, adhesion and antigenicity. The glycan moiety of these glycoproteins and -lipids play a decisive functional role. Disturbance of these biological processes, e.g. tumor growth, thrombosis, viral infection, immune deficiency, are paralleled by changes of the structure and function of glycans. 2. Chemical, biochemical and biological aims guided this project. Chemically synthesized substances have been used as possible biochemical probe with the aim to influence biological properties of related to the glycan functions as mentioned. 3. For that purpose the development of new synthetic procedures and the use or adaption of known biochemical and biological methods have been essential. 4. More than 100 new substances have been synthesized. Nearly 20% of them have been revealed as biochemically (inhibitors and modulators of glycan or sphingolipid biosynthesis) or biologically active (inhibition of cell proliferation or viral infection). 5. The main goals have been reached. The results are an excellent basis for further research projects to become familiar with hither-to unknown biological functions of glycans and sphingosines with the main goal to introduce thes experience for the development of new therapeutic concepts. (orig.)SIGLEAvailable from TIB Hannover: DtF QN1(22,37) / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekBundesministerium fuer Forschung und Technologie (BMFT), Bonn (Germany)DEGerman

Neue Verfahren und Methoden zur Sanierung von Altlasten - am Beispiel der Deponie Georgswerder, Hamburg. T. 9: Nachweis und Quantifizierung halogenierter Dibenzo-p-dioxine und Dibenzofurane Schlussbericht

Tasks of the project: Analysis of materials from the Georgswerder disposal site before and after biological, mecanical (water) and chemical (oil) treatment. Optimization of analytical methods for the determination of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD) and -furans (PCDF), identification or organic pollutants and provision of analytical capacity. Main emphasis of the work; mass spectrometric high resolution determination of PCDD/DF. Results for PCDD/DF-determintion methods: Development of a quick and simple clean-up method for water samples. Extension of the method to oil-, sediment- and mineralic matrices by further clean-up steps. Resutls of PCDD/DF-analyses: PCDD/DF occurred at levels of 500 to 5000 fg/g in the static water of the disposal site, even if a separate oil-phase was not observed in the well. Mecanical treatment (flotation) resulted in elimination rates in excess of 90% of PCDD/DF from the water, if the input load was high. At low load the elimination rate dropped to 35%. PCDD/DF input into the biological treatment plant was too low to permit monitoring within the plant. Condensation from the gas produced at the disposal site contained low amounts of PCDD/DF. Oils from the site were dechlorinated by pyrolysis, sodium treatment and electrochemically. PCVDD/DF were substantially reduced by these treatments. Results of identification of organic compounds: Mainly compounds from the oil-phase and technical products were found in static disposal site water. Chlorobenzenes were important chlorinated contaminants. Organics were reduced by biological treatment, but pollutants like chlorobenzenes survived and could only be removed by charcoal-absorption. The condensation from the gas contained not only volatiles but also higher boiling compounds, including chloroaromatics. Polar components were not found in the condensate. (orig.)Available from TIB Hannover: QN 82(9)+a / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEBundesministerium fuer Forschung und Technologie (BMFT), Bonn (Germany); Umweltbehoerde, Hamburg (Germany). Amt fuer AltlastensanierungDEGerman

Analyse lipophiler organischer Schadstoffe in Ost- und Nordsee (ALOSON) Abschlussbericht

During the ALOSON-F+E-project emphasis has been placed upon non-target investigations of seawater, marine sediments and marine biota from the Baltic and North Sea. Sampling procedures as well as extraction, clean-up and fractionation methods were developed for these three environmental compartments and applied to three stations in the German Bight. In these water samples 20 compounds were verified thus far not included in actual monitoring programmes, while in the respective sediment samples 12 compounds were verified. It is worth mentioning that in the seawater samples some new compounds were found which are essential components of drugs or other active substances like coffein. Furthermore, halogenated pyridine derivatives may be of interest. In the sediment samples dominating pollutants turned out to comprise musk compounds and several sulfur and nitrogen containing substances which may justify subsequent investigations. In biota samples (mussels and Wittling gonades/liver/muscle) 11 compounds were verified. Again, the polycyclic musks HHCB and AHTN dominated, but also several 'classical' pollutants like chlordane, HCH and DDT isomers and/or metabolites were found. In addition, comparison with the MS library suggested many brominated compounds which may be of particular interest with regard to subsequent studies. In parallel, some target investigations were carried out in 13 marinas at the Baltic and North Sea coast and for 5 stations in the German Bight. Orienting quantifications in seawater (German Bight) were carried out for benzothiazole, methylthiobenzothiazole, thiocyanatobenzothiazole, HHCB, AHTN, 2,5-dichloroaniline, 1-chloro-2-nitrobenzene, 1-chloro-4-nitrobenzene and LAS, while extensive quantifications in marine sediments as well as in marina sediments were performed for Irgarol 1051, TBT, DBT, MBT, TPT, DPT, MPT, nonylphenol, nonylphenol-monoethoxylate, nonylphenolpolyethoxylate, LAS and the optical whiteners DAS 1, DSBP, BLS, LAS. (orig.)Im Rahmen des ALOSON-F+E-Vorhabens des Umweltbundesamtes standen Non-target-Untersuchungen im Meerwasser, marinen Sediment und mariner Biota der Nord- und Ostsee im Vordergrund. Fuer alle drei Umweltkompartimente wurden Probenahme- und -aufarbeitungsmethoden entwickelt. Daran anschliessend wurden mit Hilfe dieser ALOSON-Methoden Wasser- und Sedimentproben in der Deutschen Bucht genommen, extrahiert, fraktioniert und mit Hilfe von GC-MS analysiert. Fuer drei kuestennahe Stationen wurden im Wasser 20 und in den Sedimentproben 12 Verbindungen verifiziert, die bisher nicht durch die laufenden Monitoring-Programme erfasst werden. Hervorzuheben ist, dass im Meerwasser einige neue Substanzen gefunden wurden, die als Wirkstoffe in pharmazeutischen Praeparaten eingesetzt werden, teilweise aber auch als Wirkstoffe in Kaffee und Tee bekannt sind. Ferner scheinen halogenierte Pyridinderivate fuer Anschlussuntersuchungen von Interesse zu sein. In den Sedimentproben fielen besonders einige Moschusduftstoffe sowie schwefelhaltige und stickstoffhaltige Verbindungen auf. In Biotaproben (Muscheln und Wittling-Gonaden/-Leber-/Muskel) wurden 11 Verbindungen verifiziert, wobei besonders wiederum polycyclische Moschusduftstoffe, aber auch 'klassische' Schadstoffe, wie Chlordan-, HCH- und DDT-Isomere und ihre Metabolite, ins Auge fallen. Daneben sind in den MS-Bibliotheksvorschlaegen viele bromierte Verbindungen zu finden, die allerdings noch nicht verifiziert wurden. Darueber hinaus wurden Target-Untersuchungen fuer 13 Sportboothaefen an Nord- und Ostseekueste sowie fuer 5 ausgewaehlte Stationen in der Deutschen Bucht durchgefuehrt. Hierbei wurden orientierende Konzentrationsbestimmungen im Meerwasser (Benzothiazol, Methylthiobenzothiazol, Thiocyanatobenzothiazol, HHCB, AHTN, 2,5-Dichloranilin, 1-Chlor-2-nitrobenzol 1-Chlor-4-nitrobenzol, LAS) und umfassende im Sediment (Irgarol 1051, TBT, DBT, MBT, TPT, DPT, MPT, Nonylphenol, Nonylphenol-monoethoxylat, Nonylphenolpolyethoxylate, die optischen Aufheller DAS 1, DSBP, BLS sowie die LAS) durchgefuehrt. (orig.)SIGLEAvailable from TIB Hannover: RN 8908(2000,34) / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekBundesministerium fuer Umwelt, Naturschutz und Reaktorsicherheit, Bonn (Germany)DEGerman