A Sociological Analysis of Campus Crimes and Their Preventive Measures: “A Case Study of Universities in Jamshoro, Pakistan”

The author of this article has worked on the issue of Campus Crimes from socio-legal perspectives. Crime on university campuses have existed since their founding but this got public attention in 1980s, when media spotted over some violent crimes, which occurred on several school, college, and university campuses in United States. Present study aimed to explore sociological root causes of the campus crimes and preventive measures at universities in Pakistan. Study is conducted with qualitative and quantitative approaches of data collection; moreover, adopted Krejcie & Morgan’s “Small Sample Techniques” for survey respondents. Survey study used self-designed questionnaire of .857 Cronbach’s Alpha reliability. Using SPSS, results are presented in simplest form of tables and charts. Study showed that, campus crimes could have similar causes, as to those which occur anywhere outside but their consequences are more complicated. Study will promote understanding about campus safety and security dilemma at higher educational institutions, esp. in Pakistan. &nbsp

Advancing Agriculture with IoT and a Smart Fertilizer Recommendation System

Agriculture is a key contributor to Pakistan’s GDP, and optimizing fertilization is crucial for enhancing crop yield and ensuring food security. This research presents a real-time, IoT-based soil analysis model that replaces traditional off-site testing, providing instant and site-specific fertilizer recommendations. The system integrates an IoT-enabled device to assess soil nutrient levels and employs a regression algorithm to predict the required NPK quantities. A realistic soil dataset is used to train and validate the model, ensuring accurate predictions. With an 88-92% accuracy rate, the system effectively recommends fertilizers, enabling precision farming and optimizing resource utilization. This reduces reliance on conventional soil testing methods, minimizing fertilizer wastage and improving soil sustainability. The real-time analysis supports data-driven farming decisions, ensuring balanced nutrient application and promoting sustainable agricultural practices. Additionally, this innovation aligns with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by modernizing agricultural techniques, enhancing food security, and supporting economic growth in farming communities.The IoT-based smart fertilizer recommendation system offers a cost-effective, accurate, and sustainable solution to improve agricultural productivity and promote precision farming.

Produktifitas Hijauan Pakan Ternak Di UPT. Agroscience Teknopark Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Islam Lamongan

Abstract Grazing with a free range system uses a forage cropping pattern aimed at providing feed throughout the year. This study aims to study forage quality and pasture productivity managed by UPT. Agroscience Teknopark Faculty of Animal Husbandry Lamongan Islamic University by taking forage samples from 3 pastures. Forage samples in fresh form were collected at 3 different sampling points in each paddock by using a metered quadrant plate measuring 0.5x0.5 m. Fresh samples were weighed and then sorted by plant species for identification of the botanical composition. The sample is then mixed again, to be dried. Parameters measured include forage mass production, botanical composition, and capacity. The results showed that there are 7 types of species that grow in the pasture, namely 5 gramineae, 1 leguminosae and 1 type of weed. The average mass production of forage in fresh form is around 22.70 t/year, and forage in dry form is around 20.25 t/year, with a capacity of 6.52 AU Keyword : Fresh Forage Production, Dry Forage Production and Holding Capacity

Benign Multicystic Peritoneal Mesothelioma: A Rare Condition in an Uncommon Gender

Benign Multicystic Peritoneal Mesothelioma (BMPM) is a rare condition that arises from the abdominal peritoneum. Fewer than 200 cases have been reported worldwide. BMPM usually affects premenopausal women and is extremely rare in men. Many factors are suspected to contribute to its development, such as previous surgery, endometriosis, and familial Mediterranean fever. The main management is surgical resection; however, it is estimated that the recurrence rate is up to 50%. Malignant transformation is rare. We report a case series of three male patients who were diagnosed with BMPM and were treated with cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC)

Fever in a returning traveler: A case and literature review of melioidosis

Burkholderia pseudomallei is an aerobic, motile, non-spore-forming gram-negative bacillus found in tropical endemic environments that causes the disease melioidosis. Melioidosis displays a diversity of clinical presentations ranging from septic shock to chronic latent infection, often with characteristic abscesses in multiple organs. Melioidosis is an opportunistic infection, with risk factors, including diabetes, alcohol use, chronic lung disease, and chronic renal disease, and these risk factors increase the severity of disease (Wiersinga et al., 2006) [1]. In this case report, we illustrate a case of a 32 year old man with several risk factors and recent travel to an endemic region presenting with melioidosis. Our case demonstrates the challenges in obtaining a diagnosis in a non-endemic location, highlights a complex presentation of this disease, and describes the multifaceted clinical management required to care for this patient. As global travel increases, there is an increased need for clinician awareness of this disease in non-endemic regions

An Analytical Study Of Gender Differentials In Socio-Economic Development In Pakistan

Gender differentials in socio-economic development are found all over the world. Socio-economic pursuits and opportunities are segregated as per se the division on the basis of gender specification rather than any specialization. Economic opportunities and pursuits are unofficially pronounced and implemented practically in various fields. The pronouncement is more practiced and is implemented in letter and spirit in the developing world. The obvious reason is that the technological inventions and thereafter diffusion is yet to reach at its full swing in that part of the world. There is also some sort of the realization that in the Muslim world including Pakistan, women are assigned less economic productive roles and activities. They include producing and rearing up the children, doing household chores, sewing clothes in the home, feeding the buffaloes and cows in villages, and above all putting their efforts and energies in such tasks which are considered economically unproductive. As a result the social standing of women in the society is secondary than their men folk. That alarms and affects their overall social status because bread earner is considered superior than the dependent. The women are considered dependent. This article attempts and enlists the allied factors and the variables which are considered important on the overall socio-economic pursuits and social status of the Pakistani women. An attempt also has been made to discuss the basic manifestations of discrimination in socio-economic development and its salient implications for prevalent socio-economic system of the country.</jats:p

Deep Oxidative Desulfurization of Model fuels by Prepared Nano TiO2 with Phosphotungstic acid

In this study, nano TiO2 was prepared with titanium isopropoxide (TTIP) as a resource to titanium oxide. The catalyst was synthesized using phosphotungstic acid (PTA) and, stearyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (STAB) was used as the structure-directing material. Characterization of the product was done by the X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescent spectroscopy (XRF), nitrogen adsorption/desorption measurements, Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, were used to characterize the calcined TiO2 nanoparticles by STAB and PWA. The TiO2 nanomaterials were prepared in three crystalline forms (amorphous, anatase, anatase-rutile). The results showed that the nanoparticles of anatase TiO2 have good catalytic oxidative activity. This is because of the conversions of 100% within 90 sec from 300 ppm of dibenzothiophene. This is compared to conversion rates for anatase–rutile nanoparticles and amorphous nanoparticles which reached 52% and 31 %, respectively. The influence of the temperature of reaction, catalyst amount, H2O2 concentration, and initial DBT concentration on the oxidation of DBT was investigated

Synthesis and Characterization of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles under Different pH Conditions

Ethanol as a solvent, a precursor of titanium isopropoxide and a stabilizer of either hydrochloric acid or ammonium hydroxide was used to prepare a titanium dioxide aqueous solution. The aqueous solutions with different values of pH and the morphology of the resultant reaction of the nanoparticles of titanium dioxide were investigated. The X-ray diffraction showed that at low temperatures and with acidic solutions, rutile structures are more favorable to grow on titanium dioxide synthesized, while at low and average temperatures and with base solutions, anatase phase is more pronounced. The crystalline form and the re-confirmation of the crystallite size growth were observed by the scanning electron microscopy. The atomic force microscopy was used to confirm the relation between the roughness and thickness with the pH level

Candida Lusitaniae Endophthalmitis: A Brief Literature Review with a Focus on Treatment Options

Intraocular fungal infections are uncommon. They may originate either exogenously, as occurs with penetrating trauma and postoperative infections, or endogenously, through hematogenous spread. Patients at the highest risk of endogenous endophthalmitis are those with central venous catheters, total parenteral nutrition, and active intravenous drug use, as well as those who are immunosuppressed [1]. Candida species are the most common fungi identified from endogenous sources related to the above. Although the incidence of ocular involvement is unclear, a few studies provide a range of 2.2–16% in patients with candidemia [2,3]. Non-albicans species of candida infections are very rare. In particular, C. lusitaniae is found in only approximately 1% of patients with candida blood stream infections [4]. Treating candida ophthalmologic infections usually requires expertise of both ophthalmology and infectious diseases. Patients who have evidence of only chorioretinitis should be treated with systemic antifungal agents. Intravitreal injection in combination with systemic antifungals is recommended for patients with infections involving the macula or vitreous humor. Vitrectomy along with intravitreal injection and systemic antibiotic therapy is needed for patients with heavy vitritis [5]. The duration of treatment is decided on a case-by-case basis but typically consists of four to six weeks of systemic antifungal therapy.</jats:p