The Impact of Tofogliflozin on Physiological and Hormonal Function, Serum Electrolytes, and Cardiac Diastolic Function in Elderly Japanese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

The sodium glucose transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor tofogliflozin is a glucose-lowering drug that causes the excretion of surplus glucose by inhibiting SGLT2. Because of tofogliflozin’s osmotic diuresis mechanism, patients’ serum electrolytes, body fluid levels, and cardiac function must be monitored. We retrospectively analyzed the cases of 64 elderly Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who received tofogliflozin for 3 months. Their HbA1c, serum electrolytes (sodium, potassium, chloride), hematocrit, brain natriuretic peptide (cardiac volume load marker) and renin and aldosterone (RAA; an index of regulatory hormones involved in body fluid retention) were continuously monitored during the investigation period. Renal function and cardiac function (by echocardiography) were assessed throughout the period. HbA1c significantly decreased (β1=−0.341, p<0.0001, linear regression analysis [LRA]). Most of the hormonal, electrolyte, and physiological parameters were maintained throughout the study period. In these circumstances, E/e’ tended to decrease (β1=−0.382, p=0.13, LRA). Compared to the baseline, E/e’ was significantly decreased at 1 and 3 months (p<0.01, p<0.05). In the higher E/e’ group (E/e’≥10, n=34), E/e’ decreased significantly (β1=−0.63, p<0.05, LRA). ΔE/e’ was correlated with body-weight change during treatment (r=0.64, p<0.01). The 3-month tofogliflozin treatment improved glycemic control and diastolic function represented by E/e’ in T2DM patients, without affecting serum electrolytes, renal function, or RAA. No negative impacts on the patients were observed. Three-month tofogliflozin treatment lowered glucose and improved cardiac diastolic function

Microwave plasma CVD of Si:H:Cl films from chlorinated materials for large area electronics

Abstract not available

Fast deposition of crystalline Si films from SiH2Cl2 utilizing the high-density microwave plasma

Abstract not available

Fast deposition of crystalline silicon films from SiH2Cl2 utilizing the high-density microwave plasma

Abstract not available

Synthesis of highly crystallized Si:H:Cl films using SiH2Cl2/H2 high-density microwave plasma for Si thin-film solar cells

Abstract not available

High-density microwave plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition of microcrystalline silicon from dichlorosilane

Fast deposition of hydrogenated chlorinated microcrystalline (&#0956;c&#8211;) Si:H:Cl films was investigated using the high-density and low-temperature microwave plasma source utilizing a spoke antenna of a SiH2Cl2&#8211;H2 mixture. The optical emission spectroscopy study revealed that the SiCl intensity and the Ha/SiCl intensity ratio are the possible monitors for the film deposition rate and the degree of the film crystallinity, respectively. The &#0956;c&#8211;Si:H:Cl films fabricated from SiH2Cl2 possessed less volume fraction of void and defect density rather than &#0956;c&#8211;Si:H from SiH4 while maintaining a high deposition rate of 40 &#0197;/s. These originate from the chemical reactivity of H and Cl terminated growing surface. The fine structure of &#0956;c&#8211;Si:H:Cl film is discussed and compared with that of &#0956;c&#8211;Si:H film from SiH4

Synthesis of &#0956;c-Si thin films from SiH2Cl2 utilizing the low-pressure high-density microwave plasma: role of chlorine in the growth of &#0956;c-Si thin films

Abstract not available

Synthesis of microcrystalline silicon films using high-density microwave plasma source from dichlorosilane

The growth of microcrystalline (&#0956;c-) Si:H:Cl films was studied using a high-density and low-temperature microwave plasma source and a spoke antenna of a SiH2Cl2-H2 mixture. Spectroscopic ellipsometry and cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy revealed that the uc-Si:H:Cl films with a small volume fraction of void were synthesized from SiH2Cl2 rather than &#0956;c-Si:H from SiH4 at a high deposition rate of 20 &#0197;/s. These originated from the chemical reactivity of SiHxCly in high-density microwave plasma. The excessive crystallization was suppressed with a small volume fraction of void in SiH2Cl2 plasma compared with that synthesized from Si2H4. The fine structure of &#0956;c-Si:H:Cl was studied and compared with that of previously studied &#0956;c-Si:H synthesized from SiH4 [Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 38 (1999) 6629]

Hypereosinophilic syndrome manifested as eosinophilic gastroenteritis and colitis in a patient undergoing hemodialysis

Abstract Background Hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) consists of a group of disorders characterized by abnormal accumulation of eosinophils in the blood or peripheral tissues, independent of known secondary causes of eosinophilia. Clinical manifestations of HES are highly variable, ranging from asymptomatic eosinophilia to severe tissue damage and end-organ failure. Case presentation We herein present the case of a 65-year-old female with a 38-year history of hemodialysis who presented with lower leg pain, fever, skin eruption with leg edema, and diarrhea. Two months before admission, she underwent placement of a stent made of nickel and titanium for abdominal aortic stenosis. Lower leg pain occurred during hemodialysis, followed by fever, pedal edema with skin eruption, and diarrhea. Gastrointestinal endoscopy, colonoscopy, and biopsy histopathology revealed colitis with massive infiltration of eosinophils, compatible with eosinophilic gastroenteritis and colitis. The patient was treated with prednisolone at an initial dose of 40 mg daily and later reduced to 10 mg daily, after which her symptoms improved and her laboratory parameters normalized. She has not experienced a relapse after 1 year of follow-up. Conclusions Our case of HES manifested as eosinophilic gastroenteritis and colitis and was successfully treated with corticosteroids. Clinicians should consider the differential diagnosis of HES when faced with similar cases in order to effect timely and appropriate treatment

Bleeding Risk Factors after Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection in Early Gastric Cancer and the Necessity of &ldquo;Second-Look&rdquo; Endoscopic Examination on the following Day

Background and Aim: Hemorrhage is often encountered after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). In addition to active bleeding after resection, exposed blood vessels and blood clots without active bleeding on the post-dissection ulcer floor have been recognized within our department. We consider exposed and/or observable vessel findings and clots on the ulcer floor after re-section as important risk factors for hemorrhage. Here, we compared and examined the active bleeding frequency and &ldquo;post-resection ulcer at risk of bleeding&rdquo; on the day following ESD, in relation to their risk factors. Method: We retrospectively examined 447 patients who underwent second-look endoscopy in our department between August 2008 and March 2018. Logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the hazard ratio and 95% confidence interval. We compared the association of each factor mentioned above with active bleeding on the day after ESD and the presence of ulcers at risk of bleeding after resection. Results: Our retrospective analysis revealed that the risk factors were larger ulcer sizes and the administration of antithrombotic drugs. Additionally, the risk was low for upper body lesions but high for antral lesions. Conclusion: Our results may help determine whether second-look endoscopy should be performed to minimize active bleeding after ESD, reduce postoperative complications, and improve medical safety