2 research outputs found
Effect of nitrogen fertilizer and compost on photosynthesis and growth of Virginia fanpetals (Sida hermaphrodita Rusby)
Als mehrjährige Bioenergiepflanze kann Sida hermaphrodita eine wichtige Rolle fĂĽr den Anbau auf marginalen Standorten in der nahen Zukunft spielen. In einem konÂtrollierten Topfexperiment wurde der Einfluss von verschiedenen Kompostgehalten (10, 20, 30, 50%) und mineralischem StickstoffdĂĽnger (100 kg N ha–1) auf Biomasse, Wuchshöhe und Kohlenstoffallokation während der Etablierungsphase untersucht. Weiterhin wurden ökophysiologische Parameter (Gaswechsel, Chlorophyllfluoreszenz, Chlorophyllgehalte) mit nicht-destruktiven Methoden bestimmt. Die Ergebnisse des Experimentes zeigen, dass sowohl die StickstoffdĂĽngung als auch die Kompostgabe positive Effekte fĂĽr das Wachstumsverhalten hat. Während der Etablierungsphase erreichten die gedĂĽngten Pflanzen eine mittlere Pflanzenhöhe von bis zu 127 cm (maximale Wuchshöhe 168 cm). Die Photosynthese wurde nicht durch die unterschiedlichen Behandlungen beeinflusst. Die mittlere CO2-Austauschrate variiert zwischen 5,8 und 9,9 ÎĽmol m–2 s–1 und die Elektronentransportrate zwischen 34,5 und 53,9 ÎĽmol m–2 s–1. Die Verwendung von Kompost und Stickstoff ist fĂĽr eine bessere Biomasseproduktion von Sida in marginalen Böden möglich, auch wenn das Wachstum im ersten Jahr limitiert ist und es negative RĂĽckwirkungen auf die Bestandesetablierung gibt.As a perennial bioenergy crop Sida hermaphrodita can play an important role on marginal lands in the near future. In a controlled pot experiments the influence of various proportions of compost (10, 20, 30, 50%) and nitrogen fertilizer (100 kg N ha–1) on biomass, plant height, and carbon allocation were investigated during the establishment phase. Furthermore, ecophysiological parameters (gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence, chlorophyll content,) were determined with non-destructive methods. The results of this experiment demonstrated that nitrogen fertilization and compost application has an overall positive effect on the overall growth performance. During the establishment phase, the fertilized plants reached a mean high of up to 127 cm (maximal plant height up to 168 cm). Photosynthesis was not influenced by the treatments and the mean net CO2-exchange rates varied between 5,8 and 9,9 ÎĽmol m–2 s–1 and the electron transport rate between 34,5 and 53,9 ÎĽmol m–2 s–1. The application of compost and nitrogen for a better biomass production of Sida on marginal soils is possible, however the growth is limited in the first year with negative effects on the establishment of larger crops
Transpiration and biomass production of the bioenergy crop Giant Knotweed Igniscum under various supplies of water and nutrients
Soil water availability, nutrient supply and climatic conditions are key factors for plant production. For a sustainable integration of bioenergy plants into agricultural systems, detailed studies on their water uses and growth performances are needed. The new bioenergy plant Igniscum Candy is a cultivar of the Sakhalin Knotweed (Fallopia sachalinensis), which is characterized by a high annual biomass production. For the determination of transpiration-yield relations at the whole plant level we used wicked lysimeters at multiple irrigation levels associated with the soil water availability (25, 35, 70, 100%) and nitrogen fertilization (0, 50, 100, 150 kg N ha-1). Leaf transpiration and net photosynthesis were determined with a portable minicuvette system. The maximum mean transpiration rate was 10.6 mmol m-2 s-1 for well-watered plants, while the mean net photosynthesis was 9.1 ÎĽmol m-2 s-1. The cumulative transpiration of the plants during the growing seasons varied between 49 l (drought stressed) and 141 l (well-watered) per plant. The calculated transpiration coefficient for Fallopia over all of the treatments applied was 485.6 l kg-1. The transpiration-yield relation of Igniscum is comparable to rye and barley. Its growth performance making Fallopia a potentially good second generation bioenergy crop