Characterization and Antioxidant Activity of Platinum Nanoparticles Synthesized by Using Cetraria Islandica Extract

Platinum nanoparticles (Pt NPs) have structural properties that differ from their bulk forms, such as physical and chemical properties. The cost and toxicity problems caused by the synthesis of Pt NPs, which are widely used in biomedical fields, by laser ablation, aerosol, sol-gel, co-precipitation, and chemical reduction techniques are eliminated by the biological synthesis method. In this study, the biosynthesis of Cetraria islandica extract based Pt NPs was performed in PBS buffer (pH 7.4) and their antioxant activity was evaluated. With FE-SEM images, it was observed that Pt NPs had a spherical structure, aggregation tendency and an average diameter of 62 nm. The presence of Pt in the structure of NPs was observed by EDX analysis. With the peaks obtained by FT-IR analysis, the presence of C=O (amide), C-O (aliphatic ether), CO-O-CO (anhydride), C=C (alkene) and Pt were recorded and biomolecular groups that play a role in the synthesis were revealed. It was determined that Pt NPs synthesized via C. islandica extract had antioxidant activity (92.4 ug/ml, R2=0.8727). As a conclusion, biosynthesis of Pt NPs with C. islandica extract was carried out as an alternative to physical and chemical methods, and its antioxidant activity was revealed. It is thought that the obtained data can be used in biomedical fields

Two new lichenicolous Arthonia species from Turkey

Two new Arthonia species are described from Turkey: A. epitoninia on the squamules of all unidentified Toninia sp., and A. rinodinicola on the areoles of Rinodina gennarii. Previously, no Arthonia species were reported from these host genera

Weddellomyces pertusariicola (Ascomycota, Dacampiaceae), a new species growing on Pertusaria lactea in Turkey

Weddellomyces pertusariicola Halici (Ascomycota, Dacampiaceae) is described as new from the thallus of Pertusaria lactea on siliceous rocks in the East Black Sea Region of Turkey. It is the first known species of Weddellomyces on Pertusaria and differs from most other species of the genus by smooth-walled, shorter and narrower ascospores. The host lichen was also infected by Taeniolella pertusariicola

A key to the lichenicolous Ascomycoto (including mitosporic fungi) of Turkey

A key for the identification of 117 specific and infraspecific lichenicolous fungal taxa and one unnamed pycnidial anamorph reported from Turkey is provided. Arthonia excentrica, Carbonea supersparsa, Endococcus exerrans, Lichenostigma rugosum, Muellerella ventosicola and Roselliniella cladoniae are reported from Turkey for the first time. Arthonia epiphyscia which was previously reported from Manisa, Turkey is a misidentification of Arthonia phaeophysciae. References to publications in which further information on the taxa can be found are included. Also, the distributions of the taxa in Turkey and the corresponding publications are presented. An index to the names of fungi and a host index are also provided

Arthonia hawksworthii sp nov (Ascomycota, Arthoniaceae) on Dimelaena oreina from Turkey

Arthonia hawksworthii is described on the thallus of Dimelaena oreina from two localities in Turkey. It is most similar to A. gelidae, a lichenicolous species confined to Placopsis gelida, but mainly differs from this species in that it has ascospores with a gelatinous sheath that stain red in 1-Lugol and an epithecium that is light to dark brown with an olivaceous tinge in KOH. The new species is the first Arthonia species reported on Dimelaena