Une méthode interactive

Lʼemploi des nouvelles technologies est aujourdʼhui incontournable, notamment dans lʼenseignement des langues. La New Collaborative Approach est une méthodologie mise en place à lʼuniversité nationale dʼHiroshima pour lʼenseignement de la langue française. Riche en créativité et en interactivités, la classe peut ainsi être adaptée au niveau de chaque étudiant

Comparison of Macular Thickness in Diabetic Macular Edema Using Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography and Time-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography

Purpose. To compare the macular thicknesses in diabetic macular edema (DME) measured with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and time-domain (TD) OCT. Patients and Methods. The average macular thicknesses of 50 eyes of 29 patients with DME were measured using SD-OCT and TD-OCT. Results. The mean macular thicknesses measured with TD-OCT and SD-OCT were 401.5 ± 117.8 μm (mean ± SD) and 446.2 ± 123.5 μm, respectively. The macular thicknesses measured with the two devices were well correlated (Pearson's product moment correlation, r = 0.977, P < 0.001). A significant correlation was found between the best-corrected visual acuity and the retinal thickness measured by TD-OCT and SD-OCT (Pearson's product moment correlation, TD-OCT, r = 0.34; P < 0.05; SD-OCT, r = 0.32; P < 0.05). Discussion. The mean macular thickness measured with SD-OCT was about 45 μm thicker than that measured with TD-OCT. Attention should be paid when comparing data obtained using different OCT machines

Change in Long-Spacing Collagen in Descemet's Membrane of Diabetic Goto-Kakizaki Rats and Its Suppression by Antidiabetic Agents

We examined changes in the ultrastructure and localization of major extracellular matrix components, including 5 types of collagen (type I, III, IV, VI, and VIII), laminin, fibronectin, and heparan sulfate proteoglycan in Descemet's membrane of the cornea of diabetic GK rats. In the cornea of diabetic GK rats, more long-spacing collagen fibrils were observed in Descemet's membrane than in the membrane of the nondiabetic Wistar rats. Both GK and Wistar rats showed an age-dependent increase in the density of the long-spacing collagen. Immunoelectron microscopy showed that type VIII collagen was localized in the internodal region of the long-spacing collagen, which was not labelled by any of the other antibodies used. The antidiabetic agents nateglinide and glibenclamide significantly suppressed the formation of the long-spacing collagen in the diabetic rats. Long-spacing collagen would thus be a useful indicator for studying diabetic changes in the cornea and the effect of antidiabetic agents

ASTE CO(3-2) Mapping toward the Whole Optical Disk of M 83: Properties of Inter-arm GMAs

We present a new on-the-fly (OTF) mapping of CO(J=3-2) line emission with the Atacama Submillimeter Telescope Experiment (ASTE) toward the 8' x 8' (or 10.5 x 10.5 kpc at the distance of 4.5 Mpc) region of the nearby barred spiral galaxy M 83 at an effective resolution of 25''. Due to its very high sensitivity, our CO(J=3-2) map can depict not only spiral arm structures but also spur-like substructures extended in inter-arm regions. This spur-like substructures in CO(J=3-2) emission are well coincident with the distribution of massive star forming regions traced by Halpha luminosity and Spitzer/IRAC 8 um emission. We have identified 54 CO(J=3-2) clumps as Giant Molecular-cloud Associations (GMAs) employing the CLUMPFIND algorithm, and have obtained their sizes, velocity dispersions, virial masses, and CO luminosity masses. We found that the virial parameter alpha, which is defined as the ratio of the virial mass to the CO luminosity mass, is almost unity for GMAs in spiral arms, whereas there exist some GMAs whose alpha are 3 -- 10 in the inter-arm region. We found that GMAs with higher $\alpha$ tend not to be associated with massive star forming regions, while other virialized GMAs are. Since alpha mainly depends on velocity dispersion of the GMA, we suppose the onset of star formation in these unvirialized GMAs with higher alpha are suppressed by an increase in internal velocity dispersions of Giant Molecular Clouds within these GMAs due to shear motion.Comment: 42 pages, 16 figures, ApJ in press, version with high resolution figures is available via http://www.nro.nao.ac.jp/~kmuraoka/m83paper/m83aste-otf.pd

小児急性リンパ性白血病のL-アスパラギナーゼを含む寛解導入療法ではトロンピン・プラスミン生成試験において著明な線溶抑制を主体とする凝固障害を示す。

Background: L-asparaginase (L-Asp)-associated thromboembolisms are serious complications in pediatrics patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), especially at ≥10.0 years old, but the pathogenesis remains to be clarified. Procedure: We conducted a multicenter, prospective study of 72 patients with ALL aged 1.0 to 15.2 years treated with either a Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster (BFM) 95-ALL oriented regimen or Japan Association of Childhood Leukemia Study ALL-02 protocol. We divided patients into each treatment protocol and investigated the dynamic changes in coagulation and fibrinolysis using simultaneous thrombin and plasmin generation assay. Patients' plasma samples were collected at the prephase (T0), intermittent phase (T1), and postphase of L-Asp therapy (T2), and postinduction phase (T3). Measurements of endogenous thrombin potential (T-EP) and plasmin peak height (P-Peak) were compared to normal plasma. Results: None of the cases developed thromboembolisms. Median ratios of T-EP and P-Peak for the controls in the JACLS group were 1.06 and 0.87 (T0), 1.04 and 0.71 (T1), 1.02 and 0.69 (T2), and 1.20 and 0.92 (T3), respectively, while those in the BFM group were 1.06 and 1.00 (T0), 1.04 and 0.64 (T1), 1.16 and 0.58 (T2), and 1.16 and 0.85 (T3), respectively. In particular, P-Peak ratios were depressed at T1 and T2 compared to T0 in the BFM group (P < .01). Moreover, P-Peak ratios in patients ≥10.0 years old were lower at T1 in the BFM group (P = .02). Conclusions: The results demonstrated that hemostatic dynamics appeared to shift to a hypercoagulable state with marked hypofibrinolysis associated with L-Asp therapy, especially in patients ≥10.0 years old following the BFM regimen.博士（医学）・甲第722号・令和元年12月5日© 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.This is the pre-peer reviewed version of the following article: [https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/pbc.28016], which has been published in final form at [https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.28016]. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions

Five-minute resolved spatial distribution of radiocesium in sea sediment derived from the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant

AbstractThe spatial distributions of radiocesium concentration in sea sediment to a core depth of 14 cm were investigated in the offshore region from the Fukushima Prefecture to the northern part of the Ibaraki Prefecture in February and July 2012, at a spatial resolution of 5 min of latitude and longitude. The concentrations in the area south of the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) were generally higher than those in the area north of it. In the southern area, a band of especially high concentration with a width about 20 km was present in the region shallower than 100 m, and a narrow minimal concentration band was found along the 200-m isobaths. In more than half of all cases, the vertical core profiles of radiocesium concentration generally showed an exponential decreasing trend with depth. However, in the area north of the FDNPP, where the radiocesium concentrations tended to be very low, radiocesium concentrations that had similar or larger magnitude compared with those of the most-surface layer were often found in deeper layers. Relatively good correlations were found between radiocesium concentrations and grain sizes of the most-surface sediment. The vertical profile of radiocesium concentration also had a relationship with grain size. In other case, the radiocesium concentration in the sediment seems to have had a dependence on the radiocesium concentration in bottom seawater, suggesting that the quantity of radiocesium supplied and the grain size were major factors determining the spatial distribution pattern of the radiocesium concentration after the FDNPP accident

Successful Kidney Transplantation for End-Stage Renal Disease in Marfan's Syndrome

Marfan's syndrome is a systemic disorder of the connective tissue caused by mutations in the extracellular matrix protein fibrillin-1, with aortic dissection and aneurysm being its most life-threatening manifestations. Kidney transplantation for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in patients with Marfan's syndrome has not been reported in the literature, and the rate of the incidence of dissection or aneurysm in the iliac artery is unknown. Here, we present a patient with Marfan's syndrome with ESRD due to severe renal ischemia caused by massive bleeding from thoracoabdominal aortic dissection leading to transplant surgery of a living kidney procured from the patient's mother. After kidney transplantation, the renal function normalized without vascular complications, and stable graft function along with negative results for both microhematuria and proteinuria continued for two years. Also, vascular complication such as aneurysm or dissection of the iliac artery was not observed using ultrasonography during the follow-up period. ESRD patients with Marfan's syndrome might be suitable for kidney transplantation, but long-term and careful observations are needed