Structural and Thermodynamic Characterization of Protein–Ligand Interactions Formed between Lipoprotein-Associated Phospholipase A2 and Inhibitors

Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) represents a promising therapeutic target for atherosclerosis and Alzheimer’s disease. Here we reported the first crystal structures of Lp-PLA2 bound with reversible inhibitors and the thermodynamic characterization of complexes. High rigidity of Lp-PLA2 structure and similar binding modes of inhibitors with completely different scaffolds are revealed. It not only provides the molecular basis for inhibitory activity but also sheds light on the essential features of Lp-PLA2 recognition with reversible inhibitors

Diagram showing the diagnostic workflow of tests for identifying occult HBV infection in infants (+ve, positive; −ve, negative).

<p>Diagram showing the diagnostic workflow of tests for identifying occult HBV infection in infants (+ve, positive; −ve, negative).</p

HBV DNA levels in 9 infants diagnosed with occult HBV infection.

<p>HBV DNA levels in 9 infants diagnosed with occult HBV infection.</p

Univariate analysis of factors associated with occult HBV infection among HB-vaccinated infants.

1<p>stand for finished two-dose or three-dose injection according to vaccination schedule.</p

Metallic Cobalt Encapsulated in Bamboo-Like and Nitrogen-Rich Carbonitride Nanotubes for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction

Despite being technically possible, the hydrogen production by means of electrocatalytic water splitting is still practically unreachable mainly because of the lack of inexpensive and high active catalysts. Herein, a novel and facile approach by melamine polymerization, exfoliation and Co²⁺-assisted thermal annealing is developed to fabricate Co nanoparticles embedded in bamboo-like and nitrogen-rich carbonitride nanotubes (Co@NCN). The electronic interaction between the embedded Co nanoparticles and N-rich carbonitride nanotubes could strongly promote the HER performance. The optimized Co@NCN-800 exhibits outstanding HER activity with an onset potential of −89 mV (vs RHE), a large exchange current density of 62.2 μA cm^–2, and small Tafel slope of 82 mV dec^–1, as well as excellent stability (5000 cycles) in acid media, demonstrating the potential for the replacement of Pt-based catalysts. Control experiments reveal that the superior performance should be ascribed to the synergistic effects between embedded Co nanoparticles and N-rich carbonitride nanotubes, which originate from the high pyridinic N content, fast charge transfer rate from Co particles to electrodes via electronic coupling, and porous and bamboo-like carbonitride nanotubes for more active sites in HER

Demographics, serological markers and epidemiological data for the 9 OBI infants.

<p>Demographics, serological markers and epidemiological data for the 9 OBI infants.</p

Mutations in the 9 OBI isolates in the C, pre-S1, pre-S2 and S regions.

<p>The first three sequences were compared with the reference sequence of genotype C. The other four sequences were compared with the reference sequence of genotype C in the pre-C/C and pre-S1 regions and reference sequence of genotype D in the pre-S2 and S regions. •: Amino acid identical with reference sequence. -: Amino acid deleted. ¹: 11 amino acid deletion in the pre-S1 region of the genotype D reference. ND: sequence were not obtained.</p

Nested PCR primers and 1.2 kb PCR primers used in this study.

<p>Nested PCR primers and 1.2 kb PCR primers used in this study.</p

Prevalence and Determinants Associated with the Presence of Anti-HBs and Without Anti-HBc Among Persons Aged ≥1 Year of Age in Wuwei City, China.

<p>Anti-HBs: antibodies against HBV surface antigen; anti-HBc: hepatitis B core antigen; NA: not applicable; OR: odds ratio.</p><p>*P<0.05 comparing results with the first sub-groups in each variable.</p>a<p>Mainly includes rural migrant worker and individuals engaging in other temporary jobs.</p>b<p>Includes living with partner, divorced, widowed.</p>c<p>Adjusted for sex, age, ethnicity, and HBV vaccination.</p>d<p>Adjusted for sex, age, ethnicity, occupation, education, marital status and HBV vaccination.</p

Prevalence and Determinants of Exposure to Hepatitis B Virus (Positive Anti-HBc) Among Persons ≥1 Year of Age in Wuwei City, China.

<p>Anti-HBc: hepatitis B core antigen; NA: not applicable; OR: odds ratio.</p><p>*P<0.05 comparing results with the first sub-groups in each variable.</p>a<p>Mainly includes rural migrant worker and individuals engaging in other temporary work.</p>b<p>Includes living with partner, divorced, widowed.</p>c<p>Includes spouse, parents, brothers, sisters, and other family members with HBV infections.</p>d<p>Includes barber shop shaving, tattooing, and ear piercing.</p>e<p>Adjusted for sex, age, ethnicity, HBV vaccination status, household contacts with HBV infection, acupuncture, surgery, endoscopy, blood transfusion, beauty treatments in public places and dental work.</p>f<p>Adjusted for sex, age, ethnicity, occupation, education, marital status, HBV vaccination, household contacts with HBV infection, acupuncture, surgery, endoscopy, blood transfusion, beauty treatments in public places, and dental work.</p