2 research outputs found
Ce6/PTX<sub>2</sub>‑NP/G@NHs Confer Radiosensitivity in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer <i>via</i> Promotion of Apoptotic Body-Mediated Neighboring Effects
This study fabricates a nanoparticle
delivery system of gold nanoparticles–dextran
nanoparticles loaded with hypoxia-activated paclitaxel dimeric prodrug
nanoparticles (PTX2-NP) and photosensitizer chlorin e6/paclitaxel-nanoparticle/gold@N-(2-hydroxypropyl) (Ce6/PTX2-NP/G@NHs) and analyzed
the possible molecular mechanism for enhancing the radiosensitivity
of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Ce6/PTX2-NP/G@NHs
were prepared by a coupling reaction and dextran inclusion, followed
by characterization using spectroscopy techniques. The cellular uptake
and cytotoxicity of Ce6/PTX2-NP/G@NHs were analyzed. Radiosensitizing
effects of the nanoparticles were evaluated by determining the malignant
phenotypes and reactive oxygen species production of A549 cells and
PI3K/AKT pathway-related proteins under 685 nm laser irradiation.
A549 tumor-bearing nude mice were modeled to further confirm the radiosensitizing
effect. Ce6/PTX2-NP/G@NHs were effectively internalized
by A549 cells, producing cytotoxicity under laser irradiation. Ce6/PTX2-NP/G@NHs reduced cell viability, clonogenic potential, migration,
and invasion along with reactive oxygen species (ROS) production while
promoting apoptosis in A549 cells under laser irradiation. By inhibiting
the PI3K/AKT pathway, Ce6/PTX2-NP/G@NHs increased the sensitivity
of A549 cells to radiotherapy where apoptotic body (ApoBD)-mediated
neighboring effects also played a key role. Ce6/PTX2-NP/G@NHs
accumulated in tumor sites of nude mice and enhanced the radiosensitivity
of NSCLC. Ce6/PTX2-NP/G@NHs showed no obvious toxicity
or side effects in vivo. Collectively, the new Ce6/PTX2-NP/G@NHs nanoparticle delivery system can enhance the radiosensitivity
of NSCLC via the promotion of ApoBD-mediated neighboring
effects and inactivation of the PI3K/AKT pathway
Evaluating urban and nonurban PM<sub>2.5</sub> variability under clean air actions in China during 2010–2022 based on a new high-quality dataset
The air quality in China has changed due to the implementation of clean air actions since 2013. Evaluating the spatial pattern of PM2.5 and the effectiveness of reducing anthropogenic emissions in urban and nonurban areas is crucial. Therefore, the China Long-term Air Pollutant dataset for PM2.5 (CLAP_PM2.5) was generated from 2010 to 2022 with a daily 0.1° resolution using the random forest model and integrating multiple data sources, including extensive in-situ PM2.5 measurements, visibility, satellite retrievals, surface and upper-level meteorological data and other ancillary data. The CLAP_PM2.5 dataset is more reliable and accurate than other public datasets. Analysis of CLAP_PM2.5 from 2010 to 2022 reveals the decrease in positive urban-nonurban PM2.5 differences and higher decreasing rates of PM2.5 in most city clusters in eastern China. Furthermore, separating meteorological and emission contributions to the PM2.5 variability by a meteorological normalization approach indicates that meteorological contribution gradually changed from unfavorable to PM2.5 reduction during 2013–2017 to favorable to decline enhancement during 2018–2022, and in urban regions, meteorological contribution is higher than that in nonurban areas. Overall, the reduction in deweathered PM2.5 concentrations highlights China's significant achievements in terms of comprehensive clean air actions.</p