Correlation Analysis of Agronomic Characters and Grain Yield of Rice for Tidal Swamp Areas

Development of rice varieties for tidal swamp areas is emphasized on the improvement of rice yield potential in specific environment. However, grain yield is a complex trait and highly dependent on the other agronomic characters; while information related to the relationship between agronomic characters and grain yield in the breeding program particularly for tidal swamp areas is very limited. The objective of this study was to investigate relationship between agronomic characters and grain yield of rice as a basis for selection of high yielding rice varieties for tidal swamp areas. Agronomic characters and grain yield of nine advanced rice breeding lines and two rice varieties were evaluated in a series of experiments in tidal swamp areas, Karang Agung Ulu Village, Banyuasin, South Sumatra, for four cropping seasons in dry season (DS) 2005, wet season (WS) 2005/2006, DS 2006, and DS 2007. Result from path analysis revealed that the following characters had positive direct effect on grain yield, i.e. number of productive tillers per hill (p = 0.356), number of filled grains per panicle (p = 0.544), and spikelet fertility (p = 0.215). Plant height had negative direct effect (p = -0.332) on grain yield, while maturity, number of spikelets per panicle, and 1000-grain weight showed negligible effect on rice grain yield. Present study suggests that indirect selection of high yielding tidal swamp rice can be done by selecting breeding lines which have many product tive tillers, dense filled grains, and high spikelet fertility

Karakter Agronomi Dan Hasil Galur Padi Toleran Rendaman

Use of submergence tolerant rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivar for planting is an important adaptation strategy to reduce yield losses in flood prone rice areas. The aim of this study was to investigate the agronomic characteristics of submergence tolerant rice lines in a controlled environment. Six submergence tolerant rice lines carrying gene Sub1 and their respective susceptible parents were evaluated. Rice cultivars Inpara 3 (tolerance) and IR42 (susceptible) were used as control. All rice genotypes were grown in replicated plots under two different environments, i.e., normal irrigation and 10 days complete submergence at vegetative plant stage. Results showed significant variations among rice genotypes for agronomic characteristics under the two different environments. Under the submergence condition, tolerant rice lines produced higher yields than did their parents, while under normal irrigation they performed comparably to their parents. Three tolerant lines, i.e., BR11-Sub1, Swarna-Sub1, and TDK1-Sub1 produced 5.76, 5.74, and 5.68 t/ha grain yield, respectively, under complete submergence for 10 days. These lines were considered as tolerant to submergence, and need to be tested further in a multi-location yield trial, in the targeted environments

Digital Image Analysis Using Flatbed Scanning System For Purity Testing Of Rice Seed And Confirmation By Grow Out Test

The common method used for purity testing of rice seed is human visual observation. This method, however, has a high degree of subjectivity when dealing with different rice varieties which have similar morphology. Digital image analysis with flatbed scanning for purity testing of rice seed was proposed by investigating the morphology of rice seeds and confirmation by grow out test (GOT) in the field. Two extra-long seed varieties were used in this study including a red rice Aek Sibundong and an aromatic rice Sintanur. The identification on 14 parameters of morphological characteristics indicated that only six parameters were correlated, i.e. area, feret, minimum feret, aspect ratio, round, and solidity. The purity of rice seed can be effectively determined using digital image analysis of spikelet color and shape. Based on the discriminant analysis of the digital image the recognition rate of rice seed purity was higher than 99.2% for shape and 93.55% for color. The method, therefore, has a potential to be used as a complement in rice seed purity testing to increase the accuracy of human visual method and it is more sensitive than GOT

Potensi Hasil dan Mutu Beras Sepuluh Galur Harapan Padi untuk Lahan Rawa Pasang Surut

Breeding programs to improve rice varieties for tidal swamp areas have successfully developed a number of promisingbreeding lines. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the performance of ten advance breeding lines in multilocationyield trials and to analyze grain quality of the lines. The lines and two check rice varieties, IR42 and Batanghari, wereevaluated in replicated yield trials in six different tidal swamp environments. Grain quality of these lines were analyzed todetermine physical and chemical properties of the milled and cooked rice. Result from multilocation yield trials showedthat the breeding lines had higher yield potential compared to popular variety IR42 and their yields were comparable tothe control variety Batanghari. The lines showed different adaptability against different environments; some of the linesdemonstrated wide adaptability while the others showed specific adaptation ability. All of the lines had good grain qualitywhile they had different shape and texture which made them potential to be accepted in different regions. The result fromthis study indicated that all of the lines have potential to be commercially cultivated in tidal swamp areas. In addition, dataobtained from this study have been used in the registration of three lines as new varieties for swampy area namely IPB 1RDadahup, IPB 2R Bakumpai and Inpara 6