204 research outputs found
The research of the drilling pipe's small-scale mode used in acoustic telemetry while drilling
The acoustic telemetry technology while drilling has a greater advantage in the transmission rate and the application of media than the commercial mud pulse mode and electromagnetic wave mode. There are limits to the existence of the periodic drill pipe acoustic transmission transmission model, which can only calculate the acoustic transmission characteristics of two kinds of periodic structures and the acoustic transmission characteristics of the composite structures with arbitrary cross section, but the variable cross-section or various special-shaped drill strings. According to the characteristics of the small scale structure of drill string, a small scale model of the drill string in the data transmission is set up by using the theory of longitudinal vibration of structures, in which the small scale vibration transfer function of cylindrical rods with different variable cross sections is analyzed. According to certain boundary conditions, the vibration transfer characteristics of drill string are obtained, and the simulation research is completed.Показано, что технология акустической телеметрии в процессе бурения композитных
структур имеет большое преимущество в скорости и способах передачи данных по
сравнению с режимом электромагнитной волны и обычным методом измерения колебаний
бура. Рассмотрены возможности метода акустической передачи данных бурильных труб,
которые позволяют рассчитать акустические характеристики периодических структур и
композитных структур при произвольном поперечном сечении и для различной специальной
формы сверла. В соответствии с характеристиками мелкоструктурной бурильной скважины
модель бурильных стержней рассматривается с помощью теории продольных колебаний
конструкций, в которой анализируются малые передаточные вибрации цилиндрических
стержней различных сечений
DQ-LoRe: Dual Queries with Low Rank Approximation Re-ranking for In-Context Learning
Recent advances in natural language processing, primarily propelled by Large
Language Models (LLMs), have showcased their remarkable capabilities grounded
in in-context learning. A promising avenue for guiding LLMs in intricate
reasoning tasks involves the utilization of intermediate reasoning steps within
the Chain-of-Thought (CoT) paradigm. Nevertheless, the central challenge lies
in the effective selection of exemplars for facilitating in-context learning.
In this study, we introduce a framework that leverages Dual Queries and
Low-rank approximation Re-ranking (DQ-LoRe) to automatically select exemplars
for in-context learning. Dual Queries first query LLM to obtain LLM-generated
knowledge such as CoT, then query the retriever to obtain the final exemplars
via both question and the knowledge. Moreover, for the second query, LoRe
employs dimensionality reduction techniques to refine exemplar selection,
ensuring close alignment with the input question's knowledge. Through extensive
experiments, we demonstrate that DQ-LoRe significantly outperforms prior
state-of-the-art methods in the automatic selection of exemplars for GPT-4,
enhancing performance from 92.5% to 94.2%. Our comprehensive analysis further
reveals that DQ-LoRe consistently outperforms retrieval-based approaches in
terms of both performance and adaptability, especially in scenarios
characterized by distribution shifts. DQ-LoRe pushes the boundary of in-context
learning and opens up new avenues for addressing complex reasoning challenges.
Our code is released at
https://github.com/AI4fun/DQ-LoRe}{https://github.com/AI4fun/DQ-LoRe.Comment: Accepted in ICLR 202
LEGO-Prover: Neural Theorem Proving with Growing Libraries
Despite the success of large language models (LLMs), the task of theorem
proving still remains one of the hardest reasoning tasks that is far from being
fully solved. Prior methods using language models have demonstrated promising
results, but they still struggle to prove even middle school level theorems.
One common limitation of these methods is that they assume a fixed theorem
library during the whole theorem proving process. However, as we all know,
creating new useful theorems or even new theories is not only helpful but
crucial and necessary for advancing mathematics and proving harder and deeper
results. In this work, we present LEGO-Prover, which employs a growing skill
library containing verified lemmas as skills to augment the capability of LLMs
used in theorem proving. By constructing the proof modularly, LEGO-Prover
enables LLMs to utilize existing skills retrieved from the library and to
create new skills during the proving process. These skills are further evolved
(by prompting an LLM) to enrich the library on another scale. Modular and
reusable skills are constantly added to the library to enable tackling
increasingly intricate mathematical problems. Moreover, the learned library
further bridges the gap between human proofs and formal proofs by making it
easier to impute missing steps. LEGO-Prover advances the state-of-the-art pass
rate on miniF2F-valid (48.0% to 57.0%) and miniF2F-test (45.5% to 47.1%).
During the proving process, LEGO-Prover also manages to generate over 20,000
skills (theorems/lemmas) and adds them to the growing library. Our ablation
study indicates that these newly added skills are indeed helpful for proving
theorems, resulting in an improvement from a success rate of 47.1% to 50.4%. We
also release our code and all the generated skills
TRIGO: Benchmarking Formal Mathematical Proof Reduction for Generative Language Models
Automated theorem proving (ATP) has become an appealing domain for exploring
the reasoning ability of the recent successful generative language models.
However, current ATP benchmarks mainly focus on symbolic inference, but rarely
involve the understanding of complex number combination reasoning. In this
work, we propose TRIGO, an ATP benchmark that not only requires a model to
reduce a trigonometric expression with step-by-step proofs but also evaluates a
generative LM's reasoning ability on formulas and its capability to manipulate,
group, and factor number terms. We gather trigonometric expressions and their
reduced forms from the web, annotate the simplification process manually, and
translate it into the Lean formal language system. We then automatically
generate additional examples from the annotated samples to expand the dataset.
Furthermore, we develop an automatic generator based on Lean-Gym to create
dataset splits of varying difficulties and distributions in order to thoroughly
analyze the model's generalization ability. Our extensive experiments show our
proposed TRIGO poses a new challenge for advanced generative LM's including
GPT-4 which is pre-trained on a considerable amount of open-source formal
theorem-proving language data, and provide a new tool to study the generative
LM's ability on both formal and mathematical reasoning.Comment: Accepted by EMNLP 2023. Code is available at
https://github.com/menik1126/TRIG
Broad-Wavevector Spin Pumping of Flat-Band Magnons
We report the experimental observation of large spin pumping signals in
YIG/Pt system driven by broad-wavevector spin-wave spin current. 280 nm-wide
microwave inductive antennas offer broad-wavevector excitation which, in
combination with quasi-flatband of YIG, allows a large number of magnons to
participate in spin pumping at a given frequency. Through comparison with
ferromagnetic resonance spin pumping, we attribute the enhancement of the spin
current to the multichromatic magnons. The high efficiency of spin current
generation enables us to uncover nontrivial propagating properties in ultra-low
power regions. Additionally, our study achieves the spatially separated
detection of magnons, allowing the direct extraction of the decay length. The
synergistic combination of the capability of broad-wavevector excitation,
enhanced voltage signals, and nonlocal detection provides a new avenue for the
electrical exploration of spin waves dynamics
Label-free visualization of carbapenemase activity in living bacteria
Evaluating enzyme activity intracellularly on natural substrates is a significant experimental challenge in biomedical research. We report a label‐free method for real‐time monitoring of the catalytic behavior of class A, B, and D carbapenemases in live bacteria based on measurement of heat changes. By this means, novel biphasic kinetics for class D OXA‐48 with imipenem as substrate is revealed, providing a new approach to detect OXA‐48‐like producers. This in‐cell calorimetry approach offers major advantages in the rapid screening (10 min) of carbapenemase‐producing Enterobacteriaceae from 142 clinical bacterial isolates, with superior sensitivity (97 %) and excellent specificity (100 %) compared to conventional methods. As a general, label‐free method for the study of living cells, this protocol has potential for application to a wider range and variety of cellular components and physiological processes
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