325 research outputs found
Video Question Answering on Screencast Tutorials
This paper presents a new video question answering task on screencast
tutorials. We introduce a dataset including question, answer and context
triples from the tutorial videos for a software. Unlike other video question
answering works, all the answers in our dataset are grounded to the domain
knowledge base. An one-shot recognition algorithm is designed to extract the
visual cues, which helps enhance the performance of video question answering.
We also propose several baseline neural network architectures based on various
aspects of video contexts from the dataset. The experimental results
demonstrate that our proposed models significantly improve the question
answering performances by incorporating multi-modal contexts and domain
knowledge
MiR-574-5p alleviates sepsis-induced acute lung injury by regulating TRAF6/NF-κB pathway
Purpose: To investigate the protective effect of miR-574-5p pretreatment against acute lung injury (ALI) induced by sepsis.Methods: A male C57BL/6 mouse model of sepsis-induced ALI was established by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) and treated with miR-574-5p agomir (intravenous injection, 80 mg/kg per day, 3 days). After that, blood and lung samples were obtained for histopathological observation. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, inflammatory cell infiltration, and cytokine expression were analyzed. The target gene of miR-574-5p was predicted using TargetScan prediction, and verified by luciferase assay and western blot.Results: In sepsis-induced ALI mice model, downregulation of miR-574-5p was observed. Pretreatment of miR-574-5p significantly alleviated ALI by suppressing histological damage, and reducing MPO activity and inflammatory cell infiltration, as well as decreasing cytokine expression. The underlying mechanism was that miR-574-5p targeted TNF receptor associated factor 6 (TRAF6) and suppressed the downstream NF-κB pathway. Moreover, TRAF6 overexpression reversed the effects of miR-574-5p on ALI.Conclusion: MiR-574-5p pretreatment suppresses inflammatory responses, thus reducing lung injury induced by sepsis in mice, partly via the regulation of TRAF6 and NF-κB pathway. Therefore, this approach can potentially be used for the clinical management of ALI in humans
Keywords: Sepsis, Acute lung injury, MiR-574-5p, TRAF6, NF-κB pathwa
Low-field magnetotransport in graphene cavity devices
Confinement and edge structures are known to play significant roles in
electronic and transport properties of two-dimensional materials. Here, we
report on low-temperature magnetotransport measurements of lithographically
patterned graphene cavity nanodevices. It is found that the evolution of the
low-field magnetoconductance characteristics with varying carrier density
exhibits different behaviors in graphene cavity and bulk graphene devices. In
the graphene cavity devices, we have observed that intravalley scattering
becomes dominant as the Fermi level gets close to the Dirac point. We associate
this enhanced intravalley scattering to the effect of charge inhomogeneities
and edge disorder in the confined graphene nanostructures. We have also
observed that the dephasing rate of carriers in the cavity devices follows a
parabolic temperature dependence, indicating that the direct Coulomb
interaction scattering mechanism governs the dephasing at low temperatures. Our
results demonstrate the importance of confinement in carrier transport in
graphene nanostructure devices.Comment: 13 pages, 5 figure
Weak antilocalization and electron-electron interaction in coupled multiple-channel transport in a BiSe thin film
Electron transport properties of a topological insulator BiSe thin
film are studied in Hall-bar geometry. The film with a thickness of 10 nm is
grown by van der Waals epitaxy on fluorophlogopite mica and Hall-bar devices
are fabricated from the as-grown film directly on the mica substrate. Weak
antilocalization and electron-electron interaction effects are observed and
analyzed at low temperatures. The phase-coherence length extracted from the
measured weak antilocalization characteristics shows a strong power-law
increase with decreasing temperature and the transport in the film is shown to
occur via coupled multiple (topological surface and bulk states) channels. The
conductivity of the film shows a logarithmically decrease with decreasing
temperature and thus the electron-electron interaction plays a dominant role in
quantum corrections to the conductivity of the film at low temperatures.Comment: 12 pages, 5 figure
Charge transport and electron-hole asymmetry in low-mobility graphene/hexagonal boron nitride heterostructures
Graphene/hexagonal boron nitride (G/-BN) heterostructures offer an
excellent platform for developing nanoelectronic devices and for exploring
correlated states in graphene under modulation by a periodic superlattice
potential. Here, we report on transport measurements of nearly
-twisted G/-BN heterostructures. The heterostructures
investigated are prepared by dry transfer and thermally annealing processes and
are in the low mobility regime (approximately
at 1.9 K). The replica
Dirac spectra and Hofstadter butterfly spectra are observed on the hole
transport side, but not on the electron transport side, of the
heterostructures. We associate the observed electron-hole asymmetry to the
presences of a large difference between the opened gaps in the conduction and
valence bands and a strong enhancement in the interband contribution to the
conductivity on the electron transport side in the low-mobility G/-BN
heterostructures. We also show that the gaps opened at the central Dirac point
and the hole-branch secondary Dirac point are large, suggesting the presence of
strong graphene-substrate interaction and electron-electron interaction in our
G/-BN heterostructures. Our results provide additional helpful insight into
the transport mechanism in G/-BN heterostructures.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figure
Accelerated phosphorus accumulation and acidification of soils under plastic greenhouse condition in four representative organic vegetable cultivation sites
Author Posting. © The Author(s), 2015. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Scientia Horticulturae 195 (2015): 67-83, doi:10.1016/j.scienta.2015.08.041.Organic vegetable cultivation under plastic greenhouse conditions is expanding rapidly in the
suburb of big cities in China due to the increasing demand for organic, out-of-season green
vegetables and the sustainable development of agriculture. Phosphorus (P) is not only an important
plant nutrient, but also a major contaminant in the water environment. However, information on the
accumulation and distribution of P in organic vegetable soils under plastic greenhouse conditions is
limited, relative to the open cultivation systems. Therefore, twenty-six plastic greenhouse vegetable
soils (PGVS) were selected randomly from four representative organic vegetable cultivation sites
located in the suburb of Nanjing, China. For comparison, 15 open vegetable soils (OVS) near the
PGVS with similar soil and cultivation practices were selected. Soil pH, organic matter (OM) and
the various P accumulation characteristics were investigated. We found that soil pH in PGVS were
significantly decreased by 0.57~1.17 unit with obvious signs of acidification, compared with that in
OVS. Soil OM was different for different sampling locations, but in general it was higher in PGVS
than OVS. Soil total P (TP), inorganic P (Pi) and Olsen-P of PGVS were higher than those in the
OVS. Olsen-P of all soil samples were far above the recommended optimum value of 20 mg kg-1 for
field crops, and over 60% soil samples were considered excessive (>150 mg kg-1 ) in the PGVS and
OVS. There were significant correlations between total P, available P and soil pH in those vegetable
soils. Al-P/Fe-P ratio was also significantly correlated with vegetable soil pH (YpH = 7.44 - 1.32
XAl-P/Fe-P, r = - 0.705, p < 0.01). Soil total Pi was negatively correlated with soil pH in vegetable
soils (r = -0.328, p < 0.05), but the interactive effect of soil various Pi and soil pH need to be further
investigated through a series of controlled tests. Our results suggest that the rapid P accumulation
and acidification make the current plastic greenhouse vegetable production in the study area
unsustainable and better organic manure management practices need to be implemented to sustain
crop yields while minimizing the impact of vegetable production on the environment.This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation, China (grant no.
41571286; 51479055); Open Research Fund Program of State Key Laboratory of Soil and
Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Science, Nanjing 210008,
China (grant no.Y412201419); and the Fund of Jiangsu Overseas Research & Training Program
for University Prominent Young & Middle-aged Teachers and Presidents
An Internal Learning Approach to Video Inpainting
We propose a novel video inpainting algorithm that simultaneously
hallucinates missing appearance and motion (optical flow) information, building
upon the recent 'Deep Image Prior' (DIP) that exploits convolutional network
architectures to enforce plausible texture in static images. In extending DIP
to video we make two important contributions. First, we show that coherent
video inpainting is possible without a priori training. We take a generative
approach to inpainting based on internal (within-video) learning without
reliance upon an external corpus of visual data to train a one-size-fits-all
model for the large space of general videos. Second, we show that such a
framework can jointly generate both appearance and flow, whilst exploiting
these complementary modalities to ensure mutual consistency. We show that
leveraging appearance statistics specific to each video achieves visually
plausible results whilst handling the challenging problem of long-term
consistency.Comment: Accepted by ICCV 2019. Website:
https://cs.stanford.edu/~haotianz/publications/video_inpainting
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