193 research outputs found
Structured Generation and Exploration of Design Space with Large Language Models for Human-AI Co-Creation
Thanks to their generative capabilities, large language models (LLMs) have
become an invaluable tool for creative processes. These models have the
capacity to produce hundreds and thousands of visual and textual outputs,
offering abundant inspiration for creative endeavors. But are we harnessing
their full potential? We argue that current interaction paradigms fall short,
guiding users towards rapid convergence on a limited set of ideas, rather than
empowering them to explore the vast latent design space in generative models.
To address this limitation, we propose a framework that facilitates the
structured generation of design space in which users can seamlessly explore,
evaluate, and synthesize a multitude of responses. We demonstrate the
feasibility and usefulness of this framework through the design and development
of an interactive system, Luminate, and a user study with 8 professional
writers. Our work advances how we interact with LLMs for creative tasks,
introducing a way to harness the creative potential of LLMs
Cut-and-Paste: Subject-Driven Video Editing with Attention Control
This paper presents a novel framework termed Cut-and-Paste for real-word
semantic video editing under the guidance of text prompt and additional
reference image. While the text-driven video editing has demonstrated
remarkable ability to generate highly diverse videos following given text
prompts, the fine-grained semantic edits are hard to control by plain textual
prompt only in terms of object details and edited region, and cumbersome long
text descriptions are usually needed for the task. We therefore investigate
subject-driven video editing for more precise control of both edited regions
and background preservation, and fine-grained semantic generation. We achieve
this goal by introducing an reference image as supplementary input to the
text-driven video editing, which avoids racking your brain to come up with a
cumbersome text prompt describing the detailed appearance of the object. To
limit the editing area, we refer to a method of cross attention control in
image editing and successfully extend it to video editing by fusing the
attention map of adjacent frames, which strikes a balance between maintaining
video background and spatio-temporal consistency. Compared with current
methods, the whole process of our method is like ``cut" the source object to be
edited and then ``paste" the target object provided by reference image. We
demonstrate that our method performs favorably over prior arts for video
editing under the guidance of text prompt and extra reference image, as
measured by both quantitative and subjective evaluations
Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of hospitalized unintentional injuries among children in central China from 2017–2023
ObjectivesTo examine the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of hospitalized unintentional injuries among children in Central China and theoretically propose preventive and control measures.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study of children aged 0–18 years with unintentional injuries who were admitted to a tertiary hospital in Central China from January 2017 to December 2023. We examined various aspects of the unintentional injuries, including age, gender, urban-rural distribution, external causes, trends, location of injury, cost, and length of stay.ResultsA total of 20,166 children with hospitalized unintentional injuries were enrolled. The median age with IQR was 2.8 (1.6, 5.1) years, with majority of the patients (57.0%) were aged 1–3 years, while the fewest were aged 11–18 years. The male-to-female ratio was 1.8:1, and the urban-to-rural ratio was 1.1:1. The most common external causes were foreign bodies (41.7%), exposure to inanimate mechanical forces (25.1%), and falls (22.1%). The most frequently injured body parts were head (72.5%). The total number of unintentional injuries exhibited an increasing trend from 2017–2022, and a decreasing trend from 2022–2023. The urban-rural distribution reversed after 2020. The overall hospitalization cost was 20,810,870.4 USD, with an median cost of 758.7 (556.4, 1,186.2) USD per person.ConclusionUnintentional injuries imposed a heavy burden on society and families. However, the number of cases and the urban-rural distribution showed significant trend changes from 2017–2023. The external causes varied by age group, gender, and region, while prevention and control measures should be developed accordingly
Influences of beta-alanine and l-histidine supplementation on growth performance, meat quality, carnosine content, and mRNA expression of carnosine-related enzymes in broilers
The current study investigated the effect of dietary L-histidine and beta-alanine sup-plementation on growth performance, meat quality, carnosine content, and gene expression of carnosine-related enzymes in broilers. A two-factor design was adopted in this study. A total of 640 1-day-old male broilers were assigned to eight treatments with factorial arrangement containing four levels of L-histidine (0, 650, 1300, or 1950 mg/kg) and two levels of beta-alanine (0 or 1200 mg/kg) supplementation; 0 mg/kg histidine and/or 0 mg/kg were treated as control groups. Each treatment including eight replicates with 10 birds each and the feeding trial lasted for 42 days. Dietary supple-mentation with L-histidine and beta-alanine did not affect average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) of broilers during the grower (22–42 days) and the entire phase (1–42 days), compared with the control group (p > 0.05). The only exception was a significantly reduced ADG in the 1950 mg/kg L-histidine group in the starter period (1–21 days, p < 0.05). L-Histidine at 1950 mg/kg significantly decreased redness (a*) and yellowness (b*) values of the meat at 45 min postmortem (p < 0.05), whereas it increased b* value and pH in breast muscle at 24 h postmortem. Moreover, dietary supplementation with beta-alanine alone or combination with L-histidine significantly increased ∆pH in breast muscle (p < 0.01). Dietary L-histidine markedly increased total superoxide dismutase activity and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) both in breast muscle (p < 0.01) and in plasma (p < 0.01), and it decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration in breast muscle (p < 0.01). Dietary addition of beta-alanine, alone or combination, significantly increased T-AOC in breast muscle (p < 0.01) and markedly decreased MDA content both in breast muscle and in plasma (p < 0.01). Addition of L-histidine and beta-alanine significantly increased muscle peptide (carnosine and anserine) content (p < 0.05) and upregulated the expression of carno-sine synthase, transporter of carnosine/ L-histidine, and L-histidine decarboxylase genes (p < 0.05), with greater change occurring in the combination group of 1300 mg/kg L-histidine and 1200 mg/kg beta-alanine. Overall, dietary L-histidine and beta-alanine could improve meat quality and antioxi-dant capacity, enhance the carnosine and anserine content, and upregulate the gene expression of carnosine synthesis-related enzymes in broilers
Visualization of fluoride ions in vivo using a gadolinium(III)-coumarin complex-based fluorescence/MRI dual-modal probe
A new Gadolinium(III)-coumarin complex, DO3A-Gd-CA, was designed and prepared as a dual-modal probe for simultaneous fluorescence and relaxivity responses to fluoride ions (F-) in aqueous media and mice. DO3A-Gd-CA was designed by using Gd(III) center as an MRI signal output unit and fluoride binding site, and the 4-(diethylamino)-coumarin-3-carboxylic acid (CA) as a fluorescence reporter. Upon the addition of fluoride ions to the solution of DO3A-Gd-CA, the liberation of the coordinated CA ligand led to a 5.7-fold fluorescence enhancement and a 75% increase in the longitudinal relaxivity (r₁). The fluorescent detection limit for fluoride ions was determined to be 8 μM based on a 3σ/slope. The desirable features of the proposed DO3A-Gd-CA, such as high sensitivity and specificity, reliability at physiological pH and low cytotoxicity enable its application in visualization of fluoride ion in mice. The successful in vivo imaging indicates that DO3A-Gd-CA could be potentially used in biomedical diagnosis fields
Confined FeNi alloy nanoparticles in carbon nanotubes for photothermal oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane by carbon dioxide
Oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane with CO2 (ODEC) is an attractive reaction for reduction of carbon footprints and ethene production. In this work, we present photothermal catalysis on confined bimetal catalysts for ODEC. Carbon nanotubes confined non-noble bimetal alloy (i.e., CoNi@CNTs and FeNi@CNTs) catalysts were prepared and FeNi@CNTs showed effective performance in photothermal catalytic ODEC to ethene. Experiments and simulations reveal that UV and visible lights (420 – 490 nm) are responsible for ODEC and non-oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane, respectively, to ethene. Additionally, ODEC to ethene is preferred to C-C cracking to methane on FeNi@CNTs in light ( \u3e 490 nm)-induced thermocatalysis. The photothermal effect turns more significant when introduced into thermocatalytic ODEC (500 °C), with ethene generation at one order of magnitude. This work advances new mechanism of photo-mediated catalysis and sheds light on utilization of full-spectrum solar energy and non-noble metallic catalysts for ethene production and CO2 recycling at moderate conditions
Core-modified rubyrins with phenanthrene-fused pyrrole rings
Three fused-ring-expanded rubyrins with modified macrocyclic core have been synthesized and characterized. A series of spectroscopic, electrochemical measurements and a set of theoretical calculations demonstrate that the core-modification of the inner core of rubyrins has a large influence on the electronic structure. Colorimetric changes are observe that demonstrate that these core-modified rubyrins could be used as selective Hg2+ ion sensors. These properties can be fine-tuned by introducing lipophilic substituents on the meso-aryl rings
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