Head and abdominal imaging findings in HCC patients with pulmonary vein shunting due to direct diaphragm and pleura invasion.

<p>A right inferior phrenic artery angiogram showed prior embolized hepatic tumor with large adjacent recurrence. An early opacified pulmonary vein branch was seen (arrow head) (A); non-contrast chest CT at 2 days after CLE showed lipiodol pneumonitis at bilateral collapsed basal lung (arrow head) (B); on head non-contrast CT there were several hyperdense spots (arrow) in addition to typical disseminated lesions of increased attenuation of CLE at the cerebral hemispheres (C) and brain stem (D). At 3 weeks follow-up, head CT of the same patient showed disappearance of the previous hyperdense lesions (E & F).</p

Clinical Manifestations of 32 Reported Cases with Cerebral Lipiodol Embolism.

<p>CLE: cerebral lipiodol embolism; TAE/TACE: transarterial (chemo)embolization.</p><p>^aPoor outcome indicated death or vegetative status at the end of the case description</p><p>Clinical Manifestations of 32 Reported Cases with Cerebral Lipiodol Embolism.</p

Clinical and Radiological Manifestation of Eight Patients with Cerebral Lipiodol Embolism.

<p>M, male; F, female; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; PV, portal vein; BCLC, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer; ECOG PS: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status; TAE: trans-arterial embolization; TACE: trans-arterial chemoembolization;</p><p>RIPA: right inferior phrenic artery; LIPA: left inferior phrenic artery; RHA: right hepatic artery; LHA: left hepatic artery; LGA: left gastric artery; RSGA: Right superior gluteal artery</p><p>^a Patient No 6 had hypertension, diabetes mellitus, congestive heart failure and dyslipidemia</p><p>^b Multiple nodules defined as ≥ 3</p><p>^c TACE was referred as lipiodol mixed with doxorubicin 40 mg followed with injection of Gelfoam particles</p><p>^d Pneumonitis was diagnosed by chest CT and plain film after the procedure</p><p>^e The time determined the outcome was at discharge</p><p>Clinical and Radiological Manifestation of Eight Patients with Cerebral Lipiodol Embolism.</p

Head imaging findings in a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma who had cerebral lipiodol embolism (CLE) after transarterial chemoemobolization.

<p>Head CT and MRI were performed at 9 hours and 1 day after the symptoms, respectively. Row A: Head non-contrast CT showed disseminated high-density lesions mainly at gray matter (arrow), Row B and C: diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and T2 fluid attenuation inversion recovery (FLAIR) of head MRI. The scans showed multiple disseminated hyperintensity/high signal lesions mainly at the gray matter of the cerebrum and cerebellum. The larger areas on FLAIR than on DWI for the same lesions indicate the existence of peri-stroke edema.</p