Supplementary document for Computational Plenoptic Ghost Diffraction - 6292774.pdf

Supplementary Materia

Factors associated with incident stroke in Shijingshan cohort (Beijing) in multivariate analysis.

<p>Factors associated with incident stroke in Shijingshan cohort (Beijing) in multivariate analysis.</p

The relationship between vascular stenosis and incident stroke based on individual artery.

<p>The relationship between vascular stenosis and incident stroke based on individual artery.</p

Peak Systolic Velocity Measurements with Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound Is a Predictor of Incident Stroke among the General Population in China

<div><p>Background and Objective</p><p>It is necessary to develop an effective and low-cost screening tool for identifying Chinese people at high risk of stroke. Transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD) is a powerful predictor of stroke in the pediatric sickle cell disease population, as demonstrated in the STOP trial. Our study was conducted to determine the prediction value of peak systolic velocities as measured by TCD on subsequent stroke risk in a prospective cohort of the general population from Beijing, China.</p><p>Methods</p><p>In 2002, a prospective cohort study was conducted among 1392 residents from 11 villages of the Shijingshan district of Beijing, China. The cohort was scheduled for follow up with regard to incident stroke in 2005, 2007, and 2012 by a study team comprised of epidemiologists, nurses, and physicians. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to determine the factors associated with incident stroke.</p><p>Results</p><p>Participants identified by TCD criteria as having intracranial stenosis had a 3.6-fold greater risk of incident stroke (hazard ratio (HR) 3.57, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.86–6.83, P<0.01) than those without TCD evidence of intracranial stenosis. The association remained significant in multivariate analysis (HR 2.53, 95% CI 1.31–4.87) after adjusting for other risk factors or confounders. Older age, cigarette smoking, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus remained statistically significant as risk factors after controlling for other factors.</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>The study confirmed the screening value of TCD among the general population in urban China. Increasing the availability of TCD screening may help identify subjects as higher risk for stroke.</p></div

Demographic characteristics of participants with or without intracranial/extracranial stenosis at baseline in Shijingshan cohort (Beijing).

<p>Demographic characteristics of participants with or without intracranial/extracranial stenosis at baseline in Shijingshan cohort (Beijing).</p

Peak flow velocity of extracranial artery and intracranial artery by subjects with or without incident stroke at baseline in Shijingshan cohort (Beijing).

<p>Peak flow velocity of extracranial artery and intracranial artery by subjects with or without incident stroke at baseline in Shijingshan cohort (Beijing).</p

Kaplan-Meier Estimate of the probability of keeping stroke-free among participants with intracranial stenosis, extracranial stenosis or without stenosis in Shijingshan cohort (Beijing).

<p>Kaplan-Meier Estimate of the probability of keeping stroke-free among participants with intracranial stenosis, extracranial stenosis or without stenosis in Shijingshan cohort (Beijing).</p

Clinical Efficacy of Tumor Antigen-Pulsed DC Treatment for High-Grade Glioma Patients: Evidence from a Meta-Analysis

<div><p>Background</p><p>The effectiveness of immunotherapy for high-grade glioma (HGG) patients remains controversial. To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of dendritic cells (DCs) alone in the treatment of HGG, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis in terms of patient survival with relevant published clinical studies.</p><p>Materials and methods</p><p>A total of 409 patients, including historical cohorts, nonrandomized and randomized controls with HGG, were selected for the meta-analysis.</p><p>Results</p><p>The treatment of HGG with DCs was associated with a significantly improved one-year survival (OS) (<i>p</i><0.001) and 1.5-, 2-, 3-, 4-, and 5-year OS (<i>p</i><0.001) compared with the non-DC group. A meta-analysis of the patient outcome data revealed that DC immunotherapy has a significant influence on progression-free survival (PFS) in HGG patients, who showed significantly improved 1-,1.5-, 2-, 3- and 4-year PFS (<i>p</i><0.001). The analysis of Karnofsky performance status (KPS) demonstrated no favorable results for DC cell therapy arm (<i>p</i> = 0.23).The percentages of CD3⁺CD8⁺ and CD3⁺CD4⁺ T cells and CD16⁺ lymphocyte subset were not significantly increased in the DC group compared with the baseline levels observed before treatment (<i>p</i>>0.05), whereas CD56⁺ lymphocyte subset were significantly increased after DC treatment (<i>p</i> = 0.0001). Furthermore, the levels of IFN-γ in the peripheral blood of HGG patients, which reflect the immune function of the patients, were significantly increased after DC immunotherapy (<i>p</i><0.001).</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>Thus, our meta-analysis showed that DC immunotherapy markedly prolongs survival rates and progression-free time, enhances immune function, and improves the efficacy of the treatment of HGG patients.</p></div

Forest plot for KPS before and after DC treatment.

<p>The random effects model (Mantel-Haenszel method) was used in this analysis.</p

Comparison of 0.5-, 1-, 1.5-, and 2-year progression-free survival (PFS) between the non-DC and DC groups (A); Forest plot for 3-, 4-, and 5-year PFS between the non-DC and DC groups in HGG patients (B).

<p>The fixed effects meta-analysis model (Mantel-Haenszel method) was used in this analysis.</p