Ameliorative effect of sixteen weeks endurance training on biochemical and oxidative damage in high fat diet induced obese rats

Obesity is mainly caused by consumption of high fat diet (HFD) and a lack of physical activity. Physical activity is an efficient strategy to delay development of obesity. In this studyv we tried to evaluate attenuating properties of 16 weeks endurance training on plasma oxidative stress and some biochemical parameters in HFD induced obese rats. Twenty-four male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: standard diet group (SD), standard diet with endurance training group (ESD), HFD group and HFD with endurance training group (EHFD). After sixteen weeks, plasma was prepared and evaluated for measurement of different parameters. The results showed that HFD significantly decreased the activities of superoxide dismutase (33.58%), catalase (26.51%) and glutathione S-transferase (22.77%), while endurance training increased these enzymes activities. However, exercise ameliorated the increased malondialdehyde level and depletion of glutathione. In addition, it significantly reduced the increased levels of liver enzymes activities and lipid profiles. These findings suggest that endurance training has found to have beneficial effects against HFD-induced oxidative damage through increasing reduced antioxidants levels and inhibition of lipid peroxidation due to its antioxidant property. Thus, it can be considered an interesting strategy for the management of obesity related diseases

Effect of Eight Weeks of Endurance Training on Amino Acid Tryptophan Serum Levels and Body Mass of Overweight Women

Background and Objective: Obesity and overweight, one of which symptoms is chronic inflammation, is associated with changes in tryptophan metabolism, culminating in numerous diseases. Sport training is among the ways to control obesity and overweight. This study was conducted to determine the effect of eight weeks of endurance training on amino acid tryptophan serum levels and body mass of overweight women. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 24 overweight women in two groups of 12 people, including the control and experimental groups. The mean age and standard deviation of the control and experimental groups were 41.16±3.45 and 41.08±2.93 years, respectively. The body mass was measured using the anthropometric device, and blood samples were taken in the pre-test and post-test in a 12-hour fasting condition. The subjects of the experimental group underwent endurance training 3 sessions a week for 8 weeks with an intensity of 60% to 75% of the maximal heart rate reserve. Serum tryptophan level was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Results: Eight weeks of endurance training led to enhancing serum tryptophan levels, reducing fat mass, and reducing body mass index (BMI) (P<0.05), and also resulted in a statistically insignificant increase in fat-free mass in overweight women. Conclusion: Eight weeks of endurance training could be effective in improving the physiological status and body composition of overweight women

The association of dietary and lifestyle indices for hyperinsulinemia with odds of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Iranian adults: a case–control study

Abstract Background Evidence on the association of insulinemic effects of dietary pattern and other lifestyle factors with the odds of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are limited. In the current study, we aimed to examine the association of the empirical dietary index for hyperinsulinemia (EDIH) and empirical lifestyle index for hyperinsulinemia (ELIH) index with the NAFLD odds in the adult population. Methods In the current case–control study, 120 cases of NAFLD and 240 controls aged 20–60 years were included. The ultrasonography test was used to determine NAFLD. We used a validated food frequency questionnaire to collect dietary data of individuals and determine the scores of EDIH. Also, we determined the ELIH score based on diet, body mass index, and physical activity. The odds ratio (OR) of NAFLD was calculated using logistic regression test across EDIH and ELIH tertiles. Results The mean ± SD age of subjects (53% men) were 41.8 ± 7.5 years. In the age and sex-adjusted model, there is a significant association between a higher ELIH score and higher odds of NAFLD (OR = 2.74;95%CI:1.51–4.96,Ptrend = 0.001). Also, based on the multivariable-adjusted model, after controlling for age and sex, smoking, SES, and dietary intake of energy a remarkable positive association was observed between the higher score of ELIH and the odds of NAFLD (OR = 2.70; 95%CI:1.46–5.01,Ptrend = 0.002). However, there is no significant relationship between the higher score of EDIH and NAFLD odds. Conclusions Our results showed that the high insulinemic potential of lifestyle, determined by the ELIH score, can be related to an increased NAFLD odds. However, no significant association was found between higher EDIH score and odds of NAFLD

Combined effect of eight weeks high intensity resistance training with ginger supplementation on waist to hip ratio, body composition and body mass in obese women

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the effects of eight weeks intensive resistance training combined with the ginger supplement on body composition, waist to hip ratio (WHR) and boday mass index (BMI) in obese women. Materials and Methods: Participants were 18 women (with an average age of 30.11 &plusmn; 06.45 years, weight 82.46 &plusmn; 12.40 kg, BMI 31.60 &plusmn; 03.99 kg per square meter). The participants were split into resistance training + daily Ginger supplements (n=10) and resistance training + placebo (n=8) group randomly. All groups performed high intensity resistance training for eight weeks, three sessions per week (totally 24 sessions). Resistance training per session includes 8 exercise with upper-lower orders and 80-85 percent of 1RM, three set with 20 s rest intervals. Before and after the eight-week training, the examiner administered a protocol to assess body composition using Bioelectrical Impedance BOCAX1. The supplementation group consumed capsules containing ginger supplement (Zintoma Manufacturing Co. Goldaroo) 1000 mg per day in the morning and evening after meal and placebo group received 500 mg of starch in gelatin capsules similar to ginger supplementation in a double blind way. The participants used supplements twice a day (morning and afternoon) after their meals. Results: Comparison of changes in different variables showed that only reductions in weight and fat mass were significantly different between groups. The placebo group had more reduction in their weight and fat mass while ginger plus group showed less reduction. In both groups, other variables showed reductions too but the changes did not reach the significance level (0.05 Conclusion: It seems that resistance training alone can have more positive effect compared to resistance training plus ginger supplements capsule. Perhaps long-term use of ginger supplements or changes in its usage level combined with resistance training even repetition of the present study in a larger group may provide different results. Future studies can take a fresh look to resistance exercise and herbal supplements in different demographic groups to see their effects

Ameliorative effect of sixteen weeks endurance training on biochemical and oxidative damage in high fat diet induced obese rats

107-115Obesity is mainly caused by consumption of high fat diet (HFD) and a lack of physical activity. Physical activity is an efficient strategy to delay development of obesity. In this studyv we tried to evaluate attenuating properties of 16 weeks endurance training on plasma oxidative stress and some biochemical parameters in HFD induced obese rats. Twenty-four male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: standard diet group (SD), standard diet with endurance training group (ESD), HFD group and HFD with endurance training group (EHFD). After sixteen weeks, plasma was prepared and evaluated for measurement of different parameters. The results showed that HFD significantly decreased the activities of superoxide dismutase (33.58%), catalase (26.51%) and glutathione S-transferase (22.77%), while endurance training increased these enzymes activities. However, exercise ameliorated the increased malondialdehyde level and depletion of glutathione. In addition, it significantly reduced the increased levels of liver enzymes activities and lipid profiles. These findings suggest that endurance training has found to have beneficial effects against HFD-induced oxidative damage through increasing reduced antioxidants levels and inhibition of lipid peroxidation due to its antioxidant property. Thus, it can be considered an interesting strategy for the management of obesity related diseases