Antibacterial activity of some medicinal plants against human pathogens

Objective: To assess the antibacterial goods of unrefined solvent methanol concentrate of Calligonum polygonoids, Asphadalous tenuiflous, Pulicaria crispa, and Fagonia cretica against a few human microorganisms. Method: Unrefined methanol concentrates of, Calligonum polygonoids, Asphadalous tenuiflous, Pulicaria crispa and Fagonia cretica at grouping of 500, 250 and 100µg/ml were considered in contrast to Gram-positive Staphylococcus carnosus and Gram -ve K. pneumoniae, S. typhi, E. coli and P. aurogenosa by utilizing circle dissemination strategy. Ciprofloxacin (5µg/ml) was utilized as a kind of perspective medication. Results: The concentrates of all plants showed expansive range antibacterial exercises in a portion subordinate way. The most noteworthy inhibitory area was seen from methanol concentrate of Fagonia cretica against Klebsiella pneumoniae (19mm), S. carnosus (19mm), E. coli (18.67mm) and S. typhi (14mm); Calligonum polygonoids showed against E. coli (15mm), S. typhi (16milimeter) and P. aurogenosa (16milimeter); Pulicaria crispa displayed against K. pneumoniae (19milimeter), E. coli (17milimeter) S. typhi (18milimeter), S. carnosus (19milileter) and P. aurogenosa (16milimeter) while Asphadalous tenuiflous displayed against K. pneumoniae (15milimeter), and E. coli (15milimeter) S. typhi (14.33milimeter), S. carnosus (13.67milimeter) and P. aurogenosa (13.67milimeter). Conclusion: These restorative plants have strong antibacterial action and might be the new hotspot for novel antibacterial compound disclosure for the treatment of medications safe human microorganisms

Prevalence of hamstrings tightness and its impact on lower extremity function in asymptomatic individuals with prolonged standing hours

Background: Hamstrings undergo adaptive shortening. It is common in healthy individuals to have a sedentary lifestyle affecting males (91.8%) more than females (78.7%). Hamstring tightness can interrupt ADL’s predisposing the person to further health problems i.e. plantar fasciitis, sacroiliac joint pain, decreased lumbar lordosis, knee pain, quadriceps malfunction, postural disturbances, overstretched lumbar ligaments, reduced muscle strength. Aims and Objectives: To analyze the prevalence of hamstring tightness and its effects on lower extremity function in individuals with prolonged standing. Materials and Methods: 65 participants were chosen for this cross-sectional study by convenient sampling; all were female nurses. The hamstring tightness was measured by the data collection tools i.e. lower limb task questionnaire, straight leg raise test, and active knee extension test after having the consent forms signed by the participants. The data was collected from three big hospitals in the city. Results: The results of the study conducted to see the prevalence of hamstrings tightness and its impact on lower extremity function in asymptomatic individuals with prolonged standing hours showed that only 15.38% of the sample (n=65) with a mean age of 31-35 years were found with bilateral hamstrings tightness while 84.62% were found with no hamstrings tightness. Conclusion: The prevalence of hamstring tightness in asymptomatic individuals with prolonged standing hours is low

SONOGRAPHIC FINDINGS IN FEMALES OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE WITH ACUTE PELVIC PAIN

Background: Acute pelvic pain can result from the gynecological, urological systems and/or gastrointestinal. Ultrasound can be used as an initial imaging modality in the evaluation of acute pelvic pain. To determine sonographic findings in females of reproductive age coming with acute pelvic pain. Objective: To determine Sonographic findings in females of reproductive age with acute pelvic pain. Methodology: Toshiba Xario ultrasound machine with a standard gray scale and Doppler ultrasound convex probe of 3.5 MHz – 7.5 MHz or trans-vaginal probe of 5 MHz - 7.5MHz is used. Both transvaginal and trans-abdominal probes were used in this study. The study was conducted at Ultrasound University Clinic, Township, Lahore. Data of 163 patients was collected through convenient sampling. Statistical software for social sciences (SPSS version 22.0) is used for the analysis of data. Results: A total of 163 patients were examined in the study. The age incidence of the cases in this study varied between 15 years to 45 years. The mean age of the patients in the study was 29.8712 years. The uterine fibroid is most commonly involved in acute pelvic pain and is seen in 30.1% cases followed by simple ovarian cyst in 20.2% cases, hemorrhagic cyst in 14.1% cases. 8.6% cases with pelvic pain have no abnormal sonographic findings. Adenomyosis, PID and endometrial polyp in 4.3% each. Endometrial hyperplasia in 3.1%. Follicular cyst, simple adnexal cyst and complex adnexal cyst in 1.8% each, followed by ovarian endometrioma in 0.6% cases and dermoid cyst in 0.6%. In obstetric patients of acute pelvic pain; RPOCs are most common, constituting 1.8% of total acute pelvic pain, molar pregnancy in 1.2%, ectopic pregnancy in 0.6% patients, subchorionic bleed in 0.6% cases. Conclusion: Ultrasound is a very good modality for acute pelvic pain, as it can easily diagnose and characterize the causes of pelvic pain. The wide availability, radiation free and cost effectiveness makes it a first line investigation in acute pelvic pain. In the present study, the most common cause of pelvic pain is uterine fibroid. Key words: Ultrasound (US), Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), acute pelvic pain, retained products of contraceptives (RPOCs), pouch of Douglas (POD). DOI: 10.7176/JHMN/71-14 Publication date: February 29th 202

Clinical outcomes after the use of anti-adhesive agents in laparoscopic reproductive surgery

Introduction: Intra-abdominal adhesions are abnormal fibrous attachments between tissues and organs that can be congenital or acquired. Adhesion formation is a critical postoperative complication that may lead to bowel obstruction, chronic abdominal pain and infertility. Physical barrier agents separate opposing peritoneal surfaces in the critical 5-day period of remesotheliazation. These agents are subdivided into solid or liquid/gel. Liquid agents seem easier to use in laparoscopic procedures than solid agents. Methods: The search for suitable articles published in English was carried out using the following databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Global Health, The Cochrane Library (Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Methodology Register), Health Technology Assessment Database, Web of Science and search register (ClinicalTrial.gov). Only studies reporting data about the impact of the use of an antiadhesive agent on adhesion formation after a primary gynecologic laparoscopic surgery were considered eligible. Results: Twenty-two papers that met the inclusion criteria were included in this systematic review. Discussion/conclusions: Surgeons should consider applying antiadhesive agents after gynecologic surgery to help reduce adhesion formation and their adverse effects. However, further studies are still needed to confirm their impact on reproductive outcome and to implement clear guidelines on their per-operative application

Optimizing Conservation of Nili Ravi Buffaloes in Southern Region of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: A Comprehensive Evaluation of Phenotypic, Morphometric, and Productive Traits

In Pakistan, Nili Ravi buffalo is highly valued breed due to its high milk yield. Native to Punjab province, the breed is now extensively distributed throughout the country. To assess and optimize the conservation strategies for Nili Ravi buffaloes in southern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa by evaluating their phenotypic, morphometric, productive, and reproductive characteristics. Buffaloes were maintained at Livestock Research and Development Station in Paharpur, Dera Ismail Khan from 2010-2023, under breed conservation program. A sum of 298 records Nili Ravi buffaloes were used for the investigation. The research examined physical attributes such as coat color, horn morphology, and other qualitative characteristics. In addition to body weight, body length, withers height, chest circumference, and hip breadth, morphometric measurements were recorded. Mean body weight of Nili Ravi buffaloes was recorded was 677 + 213 Kg, produced 1387.12 + 32.87 liters milk during their lactation period of 292.87 + 32.40 days that was substantially impacted by year (p \u3c 0.05) and calving season. Calving interval was 480.18 + 22.09 days, whereas parity year and calving season bear considerable (p \u3c 0.05) impact on their characteristic. Dry period was 181.2 + 18.01 days. This research aided in the development of conservation and enhancement strategies for Nili Ravi buffalo in the region. Nili Ravi buffaloes in the region have excellent milk yield but the study disclosed morphometric variations within the breed, demonstrating the need for targeted breeding and management practices

Comparative Overview of the Performance of Cementitious and Non-Cementitious Nanomaterials in Mortar at Normal and Elevated Temperatures

Nanotechnology has emerged as a field with promising applications in building materials. Nanotechnology-based mortars are examples of such building materials that have widespread applications in the construction industry. The main nanomaterials used in mortars include nano-silica, nano-magnesium oxide, nano-alumina, nano-titanium oxide, nano-zinc oxide, nano-clay, and nano-carbon. This review paper presents a summary of the properties and effects of these nanomaterials on cement mortar in terms of its fresh-state and hard-state properties. The fresh-state properties include the setting time, consistency, and workability, while the hard-state properties include mechanical properties such as compressive, flexural, tensile strengths, as well as the elasticity modulus, in addition to durability properties such as water absorption, shrinkage strain, strength loss due to freeze–thaw cycles, and chloride penetration, among others. Different nanomaterials cause different physical and chemical alterations within the microstructures of cement mortar. Therefore, the microstructural characterization and densification of mortar are discussed in detail at varying temperatures. In general, the involvement of nanomaterials in cement mortar influences the fresh-state properties, enhances the mechanical properties, and impacts the durability properties, while reducing the porosity present in the mortar matrix. Cementitious nanomaterials can create a pathway for the easy injection of binding materials into the internal microstructures of a hydration gel to impact the hydration process at different rates, whereas their non-cementitious counterparts can act as fillers. Furthermore, the research gaps and future outlook regarding the application of nanomaterials in mortar are discussed

Reproductive and Oncologic Outcomes in Young Women with Stage IA and Grade 2 Endometrial Carcinoma Undergoing Fertility-Sparing Treatment: A Systematic Review

Background: Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common gynecological malignancy in both Europe and the USA. Approximately 3-5% of cases occur in women of reproductive age. Fertility-sparing treatment (FST) options are available, but very limited evidence regarding grade 2 (G2) ECs exists in the current literature. This systematic review aimed to comprehensively evaluate reproductive and oncologic outcomes among young women diagnosed with stage IA or G2EC disease who underwent FST. Methods: A comprehensive search of the literature was carried out on the following databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Global Health, The Cochrane Library (Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Methodology Register), the Health Technology Assessment Database, and Web of Science. Only original studies that reported the oncologic and reproductive outcomes of patients with stage IA and G2EC tumors who underwent FST were considered eligible for inclusion in this systematic review (CRD42023484892). Studies describing only the FST for endometrial hyperplasia or G1 EC were excluded. Results: Twenty-two papers that met the abovementioned inclusion criteria were included in the present systematic review. Preliminary analysis suggested encouraging oncologic and reproductive outcomes after FST. Conclusions: The FST approach may represent a feasible and safe option for women of childbearing age diagnosed with G2EC. Despite these promising findings, cautious interpretation is warranted due to inherent limitations, including heterogeneity in study designs and potential biases. Further research with standardized methodologies and larger sample sizes is imperative for obtaining more robust conclusions